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K.G. N’guessan; K.R. Oura; A.D.F.V. Loba
Tropicultura (Antwerpen, Belgium), 01/2018, Volume: 36, Issue: 2Journal Article
Le présent article analyse la situation de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation chez les populations déplacées du Mont Péko. En effet, la crise militaro-politique déclenchée en Côte d’Ivoire en septembre 2002 a favorisé l’occupation illégale de la forêt classée du Mont Péko par des dizaines de milliers de personnes constituées majoritairement de ressortissants Burkinabé. Ces populations y ont développé des plantations de cacaoyer, qui ont entrainé la destruction de près de 80% de cette aire protégée. Mais, avec la fin de la crise politique en 2011, et dans le souci de protéger le parc naturel et garantir la paix et la sécurité dans l’ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire, ces populations ont été contraintes de quitter la forêt pour s’installer dans les villages aux alentours du parc. L’enquête réalisée auprès d’un échantillon de 200 individus a permis de comprendre que la majorité des déplacés internes du Mont Péko n’a pas accès à de nouvelles terres de culture. Ces populations ne peuvent donc pas garantir la sécurité de leur alimentation et celle de leur famille. Elles se retrouvent ainsi dans un environnement où la pression foncière alimente les crises et les tensions communautaires, qui fragilisent la cohabitation entre autochtones et allogènes. Political Crisis, Land pressure, and Food Security in the Outskirts of the Classified Forests of Mount Peko.This article analyzes the agricultural situation and the food crisis faced by the displaced populations of the Mont Péko. Indeed, the military and political crisis launched in Côte d’Ivoire in September 2002 has favored the illegal occupation of the classified forest of the Mount Péko by tens of thousands of people mainly constituted by Burkinabe nationals. These populations have developed cocoa tree plantations, which entailed the destruction of about 80% of this protected area. But, with the end of the political crisis in 2011, and in order to protect the natural park and to guarantee peace and security in the West of the Côte d’Ivoire, these populations have been forced to leave the forest to get settled in the peripheral villages of the park. A survey on a sample of 200 individuals has permitted to figure out that the majority of the inner population of the Mont Peko does not have access to new cultivating grounds. Therefore, the food safety of these populations and of their families cannot be guaranteed. Thus, they are involved in an environment where the land property crisis and intercommunity tensions weaken the cohabitation between natives and foreigners.
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