This study aimed to identify differential circular RNA (circRNA) in the plasma exosomes of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) using high‐throughput sequencing. First, exosomes were isolated using an exosome isolation kit and confirmed by Western blotting, transmission electron microscopy, and NanoSight Assay. Subsequently, plasma circRNA expression profiles were screened by high‐throughput sequencing and confirmed by fluorescence quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Sanger sequencing. Finally, the circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA network was performed to forecast the potential function of circRNAs. The result of high‐throughput sequencing data documented that 182 differentially expressed exosomal circRNAs in all were screened, which included 105 that were upregulated and 78 that were downregulated in LUAD patients plasma compared with controls. The four upregulated circRNAs including circ_0001492, circ_0001346, circ_0000690, and circ_0001439 were identical to the sequencing data by qRT‐PCR, and their latent circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA interactions were exhibited. Taken together, our study firstly revealed the altered exosomal circRNA expression from plasma samples in patients with LUAD and supports the need for exploring their potential as biomarkers and the pathological effects of lung cancer. 1. The comprehensive expression profiles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in plasma exosomes of early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are firstly illustrated. 2. Four exosomal circRNAs are definitely dysregulated based on quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. 3. Potential microRNA and targets gene are predicted for these validated circRNAs. 4. CircRNAs of exosomes may act as novel noninvasive biomarkers for LUAD.