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Rapan, Klara; Valerjev, Pavle
Psihologijske teme, 01/2021, Volume: 30, Issue: 3Journal Article
Until recently, studies within the dual-process approach were mainly focused on group differences in processing, and individual differences were neglected. However, individual differences have proven to be a significant factor in conflict detection efficiency and the overall success in base-rate neglect and similar tasks. This should be taken into consideration within the framework of the Hybrid Model of Dual Processing. New tendencies in the development of this model have focused attention on the degree of mindware instantiation as a predictor of base-rate neglect task efficiency. This study aimed to examine the relationship between mindware and base-rate neglect task efficiency and to test and explore the relationship between base-rate response frequency and conflict detection efficiency and the degree of mindware instantiation. All participants solved base-rate neglect tasks, made judgments of confidence in their responses, and solved the Statistical Reasoning Test, Cognitive Reflection Test and Numeracy Scale. We used the Statistical Reasoning Test as a measure of mindware instantiation. The degree of mindware instantiation was found to be the only significant predictor of base-rate neglect task efficiency and the results showed that participants with a higher degree of mindware instantiation generally made more base-rate responses. No correlation was found between the degree of mindware instantiation and conflict detection efficiency. These findings support the hypothesis that the power of logical intuition depends on the individual’s degree of mindware instantiation. Therefore, the results of this research indicate the importance of further research into the role of statistical reasoning in base-rate neglect task efficiency. However, we discuss that there are some methodological limitations in this research which might explain why the degree of mindware instantiation had no relationship with conflict efficiency. Donedavno su istraživanja unutar pristupa dvojnoga procesiranja uglavnom bila usmjerena na grupne razlike u procesiranju, a individualne su razlike bile zanemarene. Međutim, individualne su se razlike pokazale značajnim čimbenikom u objašnjenju učinkovitosti detekcije konflikta i ukupnoga uspjeha u zadatku temeljnoga omjera i sličnim zadacima. Navedeno treba uzeti u obzir u okviru Hibridnoga modela dvojnoga procesiranja. Nove tendencije u razvoju toga modela usmjerile su se na stupanj usvojenosti mindwarea kao prediktora uspješnosti u zadatku temeljnoga omjera. Slijedom navedenoga, cilj je ovoga istraživanja bio ispitati odnos mindwarea i uspjeha u zadatku temeljnoga omjera te ispitati i istražiti odnos između frekvencije odgovora temeljnoga omjera, učinkovitosti detekcije konflikta i stupnja usvojenosti mindwarea. Svi su sudionici rješavali zadatke temeljnoga omjera, donosili metakognitivne procjene sigurnosti u svoje odgovore te rješavali Test statističkoga rasuđivanja, Test kognitivne refleksije i Skalu numeričnosti. Test statističkoga rasuđivanja bio je korišten kao mjera stupnja usvojenosti mindwarea. Utvrđeno je da je stupanj usvojenosti mindwarea jedini značajan prediktor uspješnosti u zadatku temeljnoga omjera, a rezultati su ujedno pokazali i da su sudionici s višim stupnjem usvojenosti mindwarea općenito dali više odgovora temeljnoga omjera. Nije utvrđena povezanost između stupnja usvojenosti mindwarea i detekcije konflikta. Dobiveni nalazi podupiru hipotezu da moć logičke intuicije ovisi o stupnju usvojenosti mindwarea. Stoga rezultati ovoga istraživanja ukazuju na važnost daljnjega istraživanja uloge statističkoga rasuđivanja u objašnjenju uspješnosti u zadacima temeljnoga omjera. Nadalje, u radu se raspravlja i o određenim metodološkim ograničenjima koja bi mogla objasniti zašto nije utvrđena povezanost stupnja usvojenosti mindwarea i detekcije konflikta.
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