This study sought to investigate if a short mindfulness induction can augment empathic functioning, while taking into account the role of the personality traits. Analysis of 102 participants suggests that a short mindfulness induction is most effective in improving cognitive empathy in individuals with lower trait Conscientiousness and Extraversion scores. No evidence was found for a moderation effect with regard to affective empathy. Results of this study are incongruent with studies utilising self-report measures of empathic functioning, but congruent with both predictions from personality theory as well as studies not assessing empathy through self-report measures. Implications for understanding the relationship between personality and mindfulness, as well as appropriate assessment procedures, are discussed. •The use of a short mindfulness induction to augment empathy is investigated•Consideration is given to moderation effect of the big five personality traits•Increase of cognitive empathy most apparent with lower conscientiousness and extraversion scores•No evidence of moderation effect with respect to affective empathy•Findings consistent with theory, counter to self-report empathy measures