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Keresteš, Gordana; Mikac, Una; Sangster Jokić, Claire; Tomas, Jasmina
Psihologijske teme, 07/2021, Volume: 30, Issue: 2Journal Article, Paper
Osjetljivost na okolinu osobina je koja se odnosi na lakoću zamjećivanja informacija o okolini i dubinu njihove obrade. Individualne su razlike u osjetljivosti na okolinu znatne, a stupanj te osjetljivosti određuje pojedinčeve reakcije na pozitivne i negativne čimbenike kojima je izložen. Uloga osjetljivosti na okolinu u razvoju i prilagodbi djece i adolescenata nedovoljno je istražena, velikim dijelom zbog toga što je tek nedavno razvijena prva izravna mjera dječje osjetljivosti na okolinu. Cilj je ovoga rada ispitati psihometrijske karakteristike te mjere, nazvane Ljestvica dječje osjetljivosti na okolinu (Pluess i sur., 2018). U okviru projekta Kako smo? Život u Hrvatskoj u doba korone djeca osnovnoškolske (N = 407) i srednjoškolske (N = 307) dobi ispunila su Ljestvicu dječje osjetljivosti na okolinu i upitnik ličnosti IPIP-15 online-putem. Ljestvica dječje osjetljivosti na okolinu kao instrument za samoprocjenu osjetljivosti na okolinu pokazala je zadovoljavajuće razine pouzdanosti i valjanosti kod hrvatske djece i adolescenata. Ljestvica ima bifaktorsku strukturu te mjeri opću osjetljivost na okolinu i tri specifične dimenzije: estetsku osjetljivost, nizak osjetni prag i pobudljivost. Utvrđena je djelomična mjerna invarijatnost Ljestvice za djecu različitoga roda i dobi. Korelacije pojedinih dimenzija i opće osjetljivosti na okolinu s osobinama ličnosti umjerene su i teorijski smislene. Ljestvicu je preporučljivo koristiti u budućim istraživanjima, iako su za pojedine podljestvice potrebna daljnja istraživanja. Primjena Ljestvice može doprinijeti povećanju znanja o učincima pozitivnih i negativnih čimbenika iz okoline na razvoj djece i adolescenata. Environmental sensitivity refers to how readily one registers and how deeply one processes information from the environment. Individual differences in environmental sensitivity determine an individual’s reactions to positive and negative environmental influences. The role of environmental sensitivity in children’s development has been underresearched, in large part because the first direct measure of children’s environmental sensitivity has only recently been developed. The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of this measure – the Highly Sensitive Child (HSC) Scale (Pluess et al., 2018) – in Croatia. As part of the project How are we? Life in Croatia in the age of Coronavirus, primary (N = 407) and secondary (N = 307) school-aged children completed the HSC Scale and the IPIP-15 via an online survey. The HSC Scale, a self-report measure of environmental sensitivity, demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity levels among Croatian children and adolescents. The scale has a bifactor structure and measures general environmental sensitivity and three specific dimensions: aesthetic sensitivity, low sensory threshold and ease of excitation. Partial measurement invariance for children of different genders and ages was confirmed. Correlations of subscales and general environmental sensitivity with personality traits are moderate and theoretically meaningful. The scale demonstrated good psychometric characteristics and is recommended for use in future research, although further research on the subscales is needed. Application of this scale can contribute to knowledge about the effects of positive and negative environmental influences on the development of children and adolescents.
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