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Estrada-León, Raciel Javier; Moo-Huchin, Víctor Manuel; Mena-Arceo, Dahaivis; Cárdenas-Medina, José Valentin; Ortíz-Fernández, Alejandro; Canto-Pinto, Jorge Carlos
Revista MVZ Córdoba, 05/2024, Volume: 27, Issue: sJournal Article
Objective. To quantify some meat quality physicochemical traits in Longissimus thoracis from hair sheep in southeast Mexico, and test if any of these traits effectively distinguish between genotypes. Materials and methods. Animals were 18 male lambs from the Dorper (Dp,n=6) and Katahdin (Kt,n=6) breeds, and F1 Dorper sire x Katahdin dam (DpxKt,n=6) crosses. They were slaughtered at 29.5±4.2 kg average weight, at 6.2±0.2 months. Proximate composition and physicochemical analyses were run of Longissimus thoracis samples, and a canonical discriminant analysis run to identify traits that distinguished between breeds. Results. Genetic group had no effect (p>0.05) on moisture (%), crude protein (%CP) and myoglobin content. It did affect (p<0.05) intramuscular crude fat (%IMF), ash (%) and cholesterol content. IMF (4.05%) and cholesterol (92.63 mg/100 g) were highest in Kt. Ash content (1.01%) was lowest in DpxKt. Values for pH did not differ between genetic groups and were within normal limits. Cooking and drip losses were highest in DpxKt. Chroma, L* and a* values were highest in Kt, providing fresh meat from this genotype a desirable bright red color. The distinction analysis identified drip loss, IMF, Chroma and a* as effectively separating the genotypes. Conclusions. Genetic group influenced intramuscular fat, cholesterol and ash contents, and four traits served to distinguish between genotypes. These are important data for producers and marketers as they aim to create fresh meat products with specific meat quality physicochemical traits that meet demand in a diversifying market that includes grilling and gourmet cuts. Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del grupo genético sobre algunas características físico químicas asociadas a la calidad de carne en lomos (Longissimus thoracis) de ovinos de pelo del sureste mexicano. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron corderos machos del genotipo Dorper (Dp,n=6), Katahdin (Kt,n=6) y la cruza F1 semental Dorper x madres Katahdin (DpxKt,n=6), sacrificados con un peso promedio de 29.5±4.2 kg, a una edad de 6.2±0.2 meses. Las muestras L. thoracis fueron analizadas para determinar su composición proximal y sus características físicas. Resultados. El grupo genético no tuvo efecto (p>0.05) sobre % de humedad, % proteína cruda (%PC) y el contenido de mioglobina, por el contrario, afectó (p<0.05) al % de grasa intramuscular (%GCI), % de cenizas (%Cen) y el contenido de colesterol, siendo Kt, la que presentó un mayor contenido con 4.05% de GCI y 92.63 mg/100 g de Colesterol y DpxKt con la menor cantidad de cenizas (1.01%). Los valores de pH no mostraron diferencias estadísticas entre grupos genéticos y se encontraron dentro del rango normal. Las mayores pérdidas por cocción y pérdidas por goteo fueron para DpxKt, pero al igual que Kt tuvieron valores mayores de luminosidad (L*), rojo-verde (a*) y Cromaticidad, lo que confiere a la carne un color rojo brillante más deseable. Conclusiones. Algunas de las características fisicoquímicas estuvieron influenciadas por el grupo genético y los resultados deben ser considerados por la industria cárnica para incursionar en mercados que demanden cortes (para carne asada o platillos gourmet) con ciertas características fisicoquímicas asociadas a calidad.
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