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Delaney, Lauren J; Ciraku, Lorela; Oeffinger, Brian E; Wessner, Corinne E; Liu, Ji-Bin; Li, Jingzhi; Nam, Kibo; Forsberg, Flemming; Leeper, Dennis B; O'Kane, Patrick; Wheatley, Margaret A; Reginato, Mauricio J; Eisenbrey, John R
Journal of ultrasound in medicine, December 2019, Volume: 38, Issue: 12Journal Article
Hypoxic cancer cells have been shown to be more resistant to radiation therapy than normoxic cells. Hence, this study investigated whether ultrasound (US)-induced rupture of oxygen-carrying microbubbles (MBs) would enhance the response of breast cancer metastases to radiation. Nude mice (n = 15) received stereotactic injections of brain-seeking MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells into the right hemisphere. Animals were randomly assigned into 1 of 5 treatment groups: no intervention, 10 Gy radiation using a small-animal radiation research platform, nitrogen-carrying MBs combined with US-mediated MB rupture immediately before 10 Gy radiation, oxygen-carrying MBs immediately before 10 Gy radiation, and oxygen-carrying MBs with US-mediated MB rupture immediately before 10 Gy radiation. Tumor progression was monitored with 3-dimensional US, and overall survival was noted. All groups except those treated with oxygen-carrying MB rupture and radiation had continued rapid tumor growth after treatment. Tumors treated with radiation alone showed a mean increase in volume ± SD of 337% ± 214% during the week after treatment. Tumors treated with oxygen-carrying MBs and radiation without MB rupture showed an increase in volume of 383% ± 226%. Tumors treated with radiation immediately after rupture of oxygen-carrying MBs showed an increase in volume of only 41% ± 1% (P = 0.045), and this group also showed a 1 week increase in survival time. Adding US-ruptured oxygen-carrying MBs to radiation therapy appears to delay tumor progression and improve survival in a murine model of metastatic breast cancer.
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