A greenhouse, which has developed into a type of representative architecture over a long period of time, has played a significant role as an architectural structure for the development of botanical gardens. As the modem architectural concept evolved, greenhouses also underwent a series of development along with botanical gardens. In this study, the historical value and other aspects of a greenhouse (its role for botanical gardens, etc.), which have been a part of the historical development of mankind, were explored to study their significance. In particular, the characteristics of the environmental plans and the significance of the spatial plans of world-class greenhouses, such as the Great Glasshouse, were analyzed. Based on these analytical findings, implications were identified, and significance was verified with regard to the planning and technological aspects of a greenhouse based on the following items: amount of solar radiation; form, space, and circulation; exterior design; cooling and heating plan; use of water sources; amongst others. This confirmed that consideration for an eco-friendly construction is necessary as a measure to allow a greenhouse, which requires extensive energy consumption, to autonomously minimize its energy consumption level. The construction plan of the Seoul Botanic Park Greenhouse, with its construction currently underway, was examined to investigate its role as an iconic hub of botanic culture in Seoul, and its significance was suggested in relation to its eco-friendly plan that includes spatial planning, typological characteristics, and technological aspects. In particular, the Seoul Botanic Park Greenhouse is designed to feature mainly plants displays and local culture displays, which are prevalent in modem greenhouse plans. To realize these design goals, an environmental analysis was conducted and eco-friendly approaches, such as the use of incident heat depending on the position and altitude of the sun, were actively sought. This study confirms that the plan to promote sustainability in a comprehensive manner is being developed.