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  • Development and validation ...
    O’Brien, Myles W; Maxwell, Selena P; Moyer, Rebecca; Rockwood, Kenneth; Theou, Olga

    Age and ageing, 06/2024, Volume: 53, Issue: 6
    Journal Article

    Abstract Background The Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) evaluates the development and progression of osteoarthritis. Frailty captures the heterogeneity in aging. Use of this resource-intensive dataset to answer aging-related research questions could be enhanced by a frailty measure. Objective To: (i) develop a deficit accumulation frailty index (FI) for the OAI; (ii) examine its relationship with age and compare between sexes, (iii) validate the FI versus all-cause mortality and (iv) compare this association with mortality with a modified frailty phenotype. Design OAI cohort study. Setting North America. Subjects An FI was determined for 4,755/4,796 and 4,149/4,796 who had a valid FI and frailty phenotype. Methods Fifty-nine-variables were screened for inclusion. Multivariate Cox regression evaluated the impact of FI or phenotype on all-cause mortality at follow-up (up to 146 months), controlling for age and sex. Results Thirty-one items were included. FI scores (0.16 ± 0.09) were higher in older adults and among females (both, P < 0.001). By follow-up, 264 people had died (6.4%). Older age, being male, and greater FI were associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (all, P < 0.001). The model including FI was a better fit than the model including the phenotype (AIC: 4,167 vs. 4,178) and was a better predictor of all-cause mortality than the phenotype with an area under receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.652 vs. 0.581. Conclusion We developed an FI using the OAI and validated it in relation to all-cause mortality. The FI may be used to study aging on clinical, functional and structural aspects of osteoarthritis included in the OAI.