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王谢; 赵兴; 上官宇先; 秦鱼生; 林超文; 赖明欢; 郭海霞; 张建华
西南农业学报, 2021, Volume: 34, Issue: 8Journal Article
X826%X53%TD88; 目的揭示废弃铅锌矿区复耕后土壤重金属污染对桑树多元化利用安全性的影响以及通过摄入桑树产品可能产生的健康风险.方法以在废弃的小型铅锌矿区复耕14年的桑园为研究对象,采用单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数分析了重金属在桑产品中的污染状况,采用靶标危害系数评价桑产品内重金属对可能人体健康造成的影响.结果①在不同限量标准下,研究区内种植的桑树中镉、铅单因子污染指数除新鲜叶菜用桑叶属重度污染Pi(铅)=5.29外,作为中药材桑叶和桑叶茶的利用方式的单因子污染指数均小于1.00,属清洁水平.②镉、铅综合污染指数除叶菜用桑叶为重度污染(P综=4.33),作为中药材桑叶和桑叶茶的利用方式的单因子污染指数均小于1.00,属清洁水平.③枝条皮部、枝条干部和根皮部作为中药材开发产品的综合污染指数范围为0.09~0.36,均属清洁水平.④虽然各种利用方式的桑叶、桑枝和桑根单一镉靶标危害系数均小于1.00,但单一铅靶标危害系数和铅镉复合重金属污染靶标危害系数大于1.00,长期服用锌矿复耕栽桑的桑叶会对人体产生负面影响,且对儿童造成的健康风险高于成人,但无慢性毒性效应.结论在该研究区范围内,铅锌矿区复耕栽桑因铅超标不可用于桑叶菜开发,可用于中药材和桑叶茶的产品开发.
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