The article is a critical look at the Roman Catholic Church in Poland. It is an attempt at indicating that the historical conditions of Poland (and the role of the Roman Catholic Church in them) are likely to be strong reasons for the state and shape of the present Roman Catholic Church in Poland, including quality of faith and the character of Polish Catholicism. It is a historical, theological and sociological study, the methodology of which is based on a historical (cause and effect) critical analysis. In this analysis, scientific publications and press articles have been used. Different opinions on the present Church in Poland presented by academics, feature writers, Church hierarchs, priests and journalists have been taken into consideration.