Serious structural changes in energy sector are expected in the next period. System long-term and fundamental changes we could simply call energy transition. There are two basic reasons for that: the first is caused by global flows influenced by climate changes and strategies, which are more complicated and very demanding; the second reason is situation in the energy sector and economic system in Serbia, especially in the environmental area and natural resources management. The losses and pollution costs, caused by energy sector, make Serbian energy one of the most neglected and the least promising in the region of south-eastern Europe. Serious structural changes in energy sectorare in big delay. Nowadays Serbia wastes the energy, in comparison, not only with more developed countries (OECD and EU) but with comparabl ecountries in the region. Every day Serbian economy and society emit more and more pollutants in environment, and the whole economic system suffers by losses of the energy. Populism as chronic problem of economic and energy policies is the logical consequence of incompetent political party’s management and weak economizing with energy potentials. System depoliticization, technology modernization and strategic greening of the whole energy system of Serbia are expected in the future. Sustainability of the processes in energy is long-term task that start swith gradual and difficult economic steps. More expensive, clearer and socially available energy is something that considers higher income and better life quality, but requires new energy culture of citizens, economy structure and state system.