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Pavlic, Darja
Forum for world literature studies, 03/2017, Volume: 9, Issue: 1Journal Article
Dane Zajc, one of the most prominent Slovenian poets of the twentieth century, repeatedly thematized man's solitude, desperation, and other states of mind. This paper analyzes three selected poems by Zajc. In "The Giant Black Bull" he combined two types of speech, which could be ascribed to one or two different speakers. The main character, the bull, is characterized with a single act that invites different interpretations. In the fourth poem from the cycle "Two'" narration is combined with direct speech; again, characters and their dispositions, revealed by actions, speech, and figurative descriptions, are essential for understanding the poem. The poem "The Ear of the Mountain" diverges because the speaker's consciousness tries to merge with some mysterious force that surrounds and transcends it. This article applies some narratological findings about the presentation of the mind in novels to lyric poetry through the study of Dane Zajc's poetry. Traditionally, interpreting lyric poems includes (re)construction of the speaker, and narratology can provide useful tools to broaden the analysis. I propose that studying the presentation of the mind in lyric poetry raises two questions: 1) Who attributes states of mind to whom? and 2) What techniques are used to attribute states of mind? In lyric poetry, (implied) authors, speakers, and (implied) readers usually attribute states of mind to speakers; compared with narrative fiction, characters' consciousness seems to be represented less often in lyric poetry (most obviously in dramatic monologues), and it is not usual for characters to attribute states of mind to other characters. Regarding techniques, one should observe categories for discourse presentation and the use of figurative or literal expressions. Key words lyric poetry? narratology? mind? Slovenian poetry? Dane Zajc
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