This article examines methodological problems of religion and education research using theoretical insights by Pierre Bourdieu and applying the methods of analysis of scientific literature and documents. Bourdieu perceives education as the most effective mechanism for inciting social change. Education is an important field because of its ability to mobilize capital. The political field and its role are especially important to the field of education: the former has both direct and indirect influence on the latter field by means of a variety of instruments. Teachers, too, perform a vital part in the field of education. The function of schools is to impart knowledge and socialize the pupils, but they only teach certain subjects and socialize the pupils using specific selected methods. This is how the education policy is implemented, which is supported by the approved legal acts that, in turn, inflict symbolic violence on certain hierarchical groups. In order to examine the content and practices of Lithuanian moral education lessons, it is necessary to conduct further qualitative research that would make it possible to determine the interaction between the fields of politics and education as well as the role of this interaction in the acceptance of religious diversity in Lithuania today.