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Miller, Ashley M; Asquith, Darren L; Hueber, Axel J; Anderson, Lesley A; Holmes, William M; McKenzie, Andrew N; Xu, Damo; Sattar, Naveed; McInnes, Iain B; Liew, Foo Y
Circulation research, 2010-September-3, Volume: 107, Issue: 5Journal Article
RATIONALE:Chronic low-grade inflammation involving adipose tissue likely contributes to the metabolic consequences of obesity. The cytokine interleukin (IL)-33 and its receptor ST2 are expressed in adipose tissue, but their role in adipose tissue inflammation during obesity is unclear. OBJECTIVE:To examine the functional role of IL-33 in adipose tissues and investigate the effects on adipose tissue inflammation and obesity in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS:We demonstrate that treatment of adipose tissue cultures in vitro with IL-33 induced production of Th2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-13, IL-10) and reduced expression of adipogenic and metabolic genes. Administration of recombinant IL-33 to genetically obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice led to reduced adiposity, reduced fasting glucose and improved glucose and insulin tolerance. IL-33 also induced accumulation of Th2 cells in adipose tissue and polarization of adipose tissue macrophages toward an M2 alternatively activated phenotype (CD206), a lineage associated with protection against obesity-related metabolic events. Furthermore, mice lacking endogenous ST2 fed high-fat diet had increased body weight and fat mass and impaired insulin secretion and glucose regulation compared to WT controls fed high-fat diet. CONCLUSIONS:In conclusion, IL-33 may play a protective role in the development of adipose tissue inflammation during obesity.
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