Objective The temporal and spatial variation characteristics and driving factors of vegetation in the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration from 2000 to 2020 were studied in order to provide scientific guidance for the construction of regional ecological civilization. Methods Based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform, we used the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) data calculated from Landsat images from 2000 to 2020 combined with trend analysis, hot spot analysis, geographic detector model, and other methods to analyze the change pattern and driving factors of the annual maximum EVI (EVImax) in the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration. Results ① Annual EVImax showed a significant upward trend in the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration from 2000 to 2020. Annual EVImax values for the unchanged land use/cover types showed a fluctuating upward trend, among which the rate of increase for grassland was the largest. ② Spatially, the EVImax values showed a decreasing trend from south to north, and the hi