The aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of self-esteem in university students in association with loneliness and psychological and subjective well-being. The study consisted of 340 ...university students, including 118 males and 222 females. The age range of participants is between 18 and 27. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Flourishing Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale and UCLA Loneliness Scale were used in the study. Results of the study showed that loneliness was significantly and negatively associated with self-esteem, psychological well-being, and subjective well-being. Self-esteem was significantly and positively related to psychological well-being and subjective well-being. In this study, compared to male students, female students tended to report greater self-esteem, psychological and subjective well-being while they reported lower loneliness. Mediation analysis revealed that loneliness was a significant and negative predictor of self-esteem, psychological and subjective well-being. Self–esteem partially mediated the association between loneliness and well-being outcomes; and it significantly and positively predicted psychological wellbeing and subjective well-being. In university students, loneliness, and self–esteem, together, accounted for 38% of the variance in psychological well-being, while subjective well-being was 25%. Researchers can conduct new research to investigate the positive aspects of university students, and psychological counsellors working in schools can work towards strengthening the positive aspects of students.
The aim of the study was to investigate whether social support might mediate the relationship between problematic social media use (PSMU) and satisfaction with life, and depressive symptoms. The ...participants of this study consisted of 579 university students ranging in age between 1738 years (M = 21.66, SD= 3.06). Participants completed the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS- 21), the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The results showed that the majority of participants (78.1%) spent an increasing time on social media owing to COVID-19. PSMU significantly predicted satisfaction with life, depressive symptoms, and social support. Social support predicted significantly both satisfaction with life and depressive symptoms. Results of the mediation analysis revealed that a pathway in which social support mediates the relationships between the PSMU and depressive symptoms and satisfaction with life is possible. These results suggest that social support may be an important psychological mechanism that mitigates the influence of PSMU on mental health.
In this modern world, a significant increase in people’s wish to lead on an independent life has been a plain truth since technological advancements have gained acceleration. Hence, it is thought ...that searching the relation between separation/individuation and psychological well-being of people is an important problem field. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between well-being levels and separation/individuation levels of university students. 285 University students (female=180, male=105; 1st class=170, 2nd class=115) whose ages are in the range from 18 to26 (M=21.35, SD =2.50) participated in the study. The data obtained from the participants were analyzed through independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Product Moments Correlation and Multiple Regression. According to the results obtained, a significant and negative relationship was found between the psychological well-being scores of university students and their levels of separation-individuation. Besides, the psychological well-being scale was determined to predict 23% of separation-individuation. As the levels of separation-individuation of students increased, psychological well-being decreased. On the other hand, while the separation-individuation scores of the students were not significant according to the gender variable, the psychological well-being scores were significant. According to the class level variable, the scores of separation-individuation were found to be significant, while psychological well-being scores were not. The results of the study were discussed within the framework of the relevant literature and suggestions were presented to the researchers for new studies.
Modern dünyada teknolojik gelişmelerin hızlı bir ivme kazanmasıyla birlikte, insanların bağımsız bir hayat yaşama isteklerinde önemli bir artış olduğu açık bir gerçektir. Bu yüzden insanların ayrışmış/bireyleşmiş olmaları ile psikolojik iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkinin ne olduğunun araştırılması önemli bir problem alanı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyleri ile ayrışma-bireyleşme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Çalışmaya yaşları 18 ile 26 arasında değişen (M=21.35, SD=10.50), 285 üniversite öğrencisi (kız=180, erkek=105, 1.sınıf 170, 2. sınıf 115) katılmıştır. Katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler, bağımsız t testi, ANOVA, Pearson Çarpım Momentler Korelasyon ve Çoklu Regresyon aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik iyi oluş puanları ile ayrışma-bireyleşme düzeyleri arasında anlamlı ve negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Ayrıca psikolojik iyi oluş ölçeği, ayrışma-bireyleşmenin %23’ni yordadığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin ayrışma-bireyleşme düzeyleri yükseldikçe, psikolojik iyi oluşlarında düşüş olduğu saptanmıştır. Öte yandan öğrencilerin cinsiyet değişkenine göre ayrışma-bireyleşme puanları anlamlı çıkmazken, psikolojik iyi oluş puanları anlamlı çıkmıştır. Sınıf düzeyi değişkenine göre ise, ayrışma-bireyleşme puanları anlamlı olduğu, psikolojik iyi oluş puanlarının anlamlı olmadığı saptanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları ilgili literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmış ve yeni çalışmalar için araştırmacılara öneriler sunulmuştur.
Coronavirus stress has been associated with undesirable mental health and well-being outcomes, including burnout. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism of change. The present study ...aimed to examine if optimism and social connectedness mediated the relationship between coronavirus stress and COVID-19 burnout in a large sample of healthcare staffs. Participants included 1046 healthcare staffs (56.8% females) aged 20–61 years (mean age = 30.29 years, SD = 7.80), who completed the measures of coronavirus stress, optimism, social connectedness, and COVID-19 burnout. Females reported more coronavirus stress and burnout and less social connectedness. People confirmed with COVID-19 reported lower optimism. The results indicated that coronavirus stress did not only have a direct effect on increased COVID-19 burnout but also had an indirect effect on it through reduced optimism and social connectedness. These results are important given the shortage of intervention efforts targeting coronavirus stress. Future intervention efforts aimed at reducing coronavirus stress and related outcomes may benefit from simultaneously focusing on optimism and social connectedness.
Identifying factors related to healthcare professionals' mental health has become an imperative topic for offering mental health services to foster their psychological functioning. This study, for ...the first time, examined the mediating role of optimism and pessimism in the association between parental coronavirus anxiety and depression among Turkish healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included 429 healthcare professionals whose age ranged between 22 and 61 years (50.3% female; M = 36.65, SD = 7.0). Results from mediation analysis revealed that parental coronavirus anxiety had a significant predictive effect on optimism, pessimism, and depression. Optimism and pessimism also had significant predictive effects on depression. Most importantly, optimism and pessimism mitigated the adverse impact of parental coronavirus anxiety on healthcare professionals' depression. The findings suggest that optimism is an essential source in reducing depression symptoms in the face of parental coronavirus experiences. Decision-makers and health organizations may integrate strength-based approaches into their guidelines to address parental coronavirus anxiety and depression.
The objective of the present study is to examine the mediating effect of resilience on the association between fear of COVID-19 and smartphone addiction in the era of COVID-19. Participants included ...508 Turkish adolescents (53.9% girls; M = 17.78 ± 1.11 years) attending high schools or supplementary schools and completed measures of fear of COVID-19, smartphone addiction, and resilience. Girls reported higher scores on fear of COVID-19 and smartphone addiction and lower scores on resilience than their peers. Findings indicated that fear of COVID-19 significantly predicted resilience and smartphone addiction. Resilience also significantly predicted smartphone addiction. Mediation analysis showed that resilience partially mediated the relationship of fear of COVID-19 with smartphone addiction. Overall, current results suggest that high levels of fear of COVID-19 fuel the development of smartphone symptoms through reduced resilience. The fear of the COVID-19-smartphone addiction association appeared to be partially explained through resilience.
Childhood experiences can affect individuals' self-esteem and psychological resilience during personality and psychosocial development in adolescence and adulthood. The effect of positive childhood ...experiences on adulthood has rarely been investigated, with most studies focusing on negative aspects of childhood. Evidence shows that they also influence the development of psychological resilience and self-esteem. This study examined the relationship between positive childhood experiences, self-esteem, and psychological resilience. A total of 570 university students completed the Positive Childhood Experience Scale, Brief Resilience Scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The results of structural equation modelling indicated that positive experiences significantly predicted self-esteem and resilience. Self-esteem also predicted psychological resilience. Most importantly, positive childhood experiences had an indirect effect on resilience through self-esteem. The results suggest that focusing on positive aspects of childhood is as important and functional as dealing with negative ones to contribute to self-esteem and resilience. We suggest that school psychologists and counsellors could integrate these results into intervention programs to improve resilience through increased self-esteem.
Positive childhood experiences positively influence one's adult life, while the absence of such positive experiences can potentially yield mental health problems throughout the lifespan.
This study ...aimed to investigate the role of positive childhood experiences on depression and anxiety levels.
3090 (2059 women) young adults participated in this research. They ranged in age between 18 and 68 years (M = 28.78, SD = 9.44) and completed the self-report measures including the Positive Childhood Experiences Scale, Beck Depression and Anxiety Scales and Personal Information Forms.
A cross-sectional research design was used to collect the data through social media platforms. We conducted a regression analysis to examine how positive childhood experiences contribute to depression and anxiety.
The results of correlation analysis indicated that positive childhood experiences were significantly negatively related to depression and anxiety. Regression analysis revealed that positive childhood experiences explained a significant amount of variance in the prediction of depression (10 %) and anxiety (8 %) after controlling for demographic factors.
The results suggest that the frequency of positive experiences lived during childhood might significantly reduce anxiety and depression, and positive childhood experiences might positively affect them.
•Positive childhood experiences are linked to lower depression and anxiety.•Frequent occurrence of positive childhood experiences enhances adult mental health.•Daily walks, family meals, and limited social media reduce anxiety and depression.•Non-smoking, having siblings and good health positively impact mental health.
TERAPİDE PARADOKSAL MÜDAHALELER ÇİÇEK, İlhan; TANHAN, Ahmet
Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi,
12/2020
36
Journal Article
Terapide müdahale teknikleri gün geçtikçe çeşitlilik arz etmektedir. Herhangi bir terapi kuramında hangi tekniklerin kullanıldığı ve nasıl kullanıldığının iyi bilinmesi alanda çalışan uzmanların ...işini kolaylaştırıcı bir rolü olacağı varsayılmaktadır. Bu perspektiften yola çıkılarak, söz konusu bu çalışmada hem bireysel hem de çift terapilerinde kullanılan paradoksal müdahale teknikleri irdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amaçlarından birisi, ruh sağlığı uzmanlarının terapide paradoksal müdahale tekniklerinin arka planı hakkında detaylı bilgi edinmelerini sağlamaktır. Bir diğer önemli amaç ise paradoksal müdahale tekniklerinin nasıl kullanıldığı, hangi istenmeyen davranışlar üzerinde daha etkili olduğunu sistematik bir şekilde ele alarak, ruh sağlığı uzmanlarının bu müdahalelerden faydalanmasını sağlamaktır. Paradoksal müdahale teknikleri, danışanların yaşadıkları problemlere farklı (mizah, abartma, umutsuzca bakma, yaratıcı umutsuzluk gibi) bakış açılarından yaklaşarak problemle ilgili farkındalık kazanarak ben soruna hakimim duygusunu yaşamalarına katkı sağlamaktadır. Postmodern terapilerde daha sık kullanılmaya başlanan paradoksal müdahale tekniklerinin danışanın yaşadığı biyopsikososyal manevi zorlukları ele almada etkili olduğu saptanmıştır.
Intervention techniques in therapy are diverse day by day. Being familiar and utilizing different interventions enable mental health providers to provide more effective services. Based on this perspective in this study we have examined paradoxical techniques used in both individual and couple therapies are examined. The main purposes of the study are to inform mental health providers (a) about the background of these techniques and (b) how these techniques are utilized effectively with unwanted situations to facilitate a more productive counseling process. These paradoxical intervention techniques are more likely to enable clients or counseltees to look at their issues from a different (e.g., creative hopelessness, exaggeration, humor) perspectives and gain an insight about their issues. In this way the client gains a sense of self-control over the issue and becomes more functional. These techniques are used more in postmodern therapies effectively to address clients’ biopsychosocial spiritual issues.
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