Purpose The aim was to assess influence of different prosthodontic rehabilitation options on improvement of orofacial esthetics, chewing function (CF) and oral healthrelated quality of life. Methods ...Patients treated with 70 conventional complete dentures (CDs), 38 implant-supported mandibular complete dentures opposed to maxillary CDs, 56 conventional removable partial dentures, 15 implant-supported removable partial dentures, 25 conventional fixed partial dentures (FPDs) and 59 implant-supported fixed partial dentures (IFPDs) were included. The survey was conducted using the three questionnaires: the OHIP-CRO14, the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES-CRO) and the Chewing Function Questionnaire (CFQ), and administrated twice: at the baseline prior the therapy and 3 months after prosthodontic rehabilitation had been finished. Results The after-treatment scores were significantly better than the baseline scores (p < 0.001) for the OES, OHIP14 and CF questionnaires in all types of treatments. The two-factor ANOVA showed no significant difference for the OES after-treatment scores between different rehabilitation options and implant presence, but the OHIP14 and CFQ after-treatment scores were significantly better in FPD and IFPDs than in removable implant and conventional denture wearers. The score change was significantly higher in all implant removable denture patients for the OES, OHIP and CFQ. The lowest score change was registered in the FPD wearers. (p < 0.01). Conclusions Removable denture implant patients most benefited from implant support, but IFPD and FPD had the best after-treatment scores. The assessed clinical parameters may help dentists in choice of the best rehabilitation option with the highest treatment effect.
Objectives
To assess peri‐implant bone level, survival and success rates of short (6 or 8 mm long) one‐piece mini‐implants (MDIs) in edentulous patients with extremely resorbed alveolar ridge ...(interforaminal height <10 mm) rehabilitated with mandibular implant overdentures and to compare them with patients having standard length MDIs in 1‐year prospective clinical study.
Material and methods
The Short MDI group consisted of 28 participants with interforaminal height ≤10 mm. Implants being, both, short and slim (short MDIs: 6 or 8 mm long, 2 or 2.5 mm wide) were inserted. The Standard‐MDI group included 35 participants (interforaminal height >13 mm) who received standard length MDIs (10–14 mm long, 2 or 2.5 mm wide). Primary outcomes were assessments of MDI peri‐implant bone level, survival and success rates; secondary outcomes were assessments of peri‐implant tissue, oral hygiene, and prosthodontic maintenance.
Results
The Short MDI group had mean marginal bone loss (MBL) of 0.26 ± 0.35 mm, 6.4% of failure, and 92.6% of, both, success and survival rates. The Standard‐MDI group had mean MBL of 0.34 ± 0.40 mm, 5% of failure, 95% of survival, and 94.3% success. There were no significant differences in MBL (p = .420), survival (p = .414), and success (p = .571) between the groups. The Short MDI group had significantly less plaque (p = .001) and bleeding on probing (p < .001).
Conclusion
Within the limitations of this study, short MDIs (6 or 8 mm long) in extremely atrophied mandibles (interforaminal height <10 mm) showed good clinical results in the first year of function.
It has not been previously studied whether 1-piece category 1 narrow dental implants (≤2.5 mm wide) can successfully support crowns or small bridges. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ...long-term benefits of the fixed-type mini dental implants (MDIs) for replacement of mandibular incisors.
In a prospective cohort study, fixed-type 1-piece MDIs, replacing single or multiple mandibular incisors, supporting metal-ceramic single crowns (unsplinted group), or splinted crowns/small bridges (splinted group) were observed over the period of 5 years. The primary predictor was the splinting status. The primary outcome variables were peri-implant marginal bone level (MBL) change, success, and survival rates (assessed as per Pisa Consensus Conference). The secondary outcomes were dental patient-reported outcome measures (dPROMs) and oral hygiene assessment. Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, t-test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log-rank (Mantel-Cox) comparison, Cox proportional hazard analyses adjusting for number of implants, Spearman correlation, and repeated measures were used for data analysis.
From 44 participants (mean age 56.02 ± 5.72 years), 40 completed the 5-year study: 23 in the splinted and 17 in unsplinted group. Three subjects did not respond, while 1 MDI failed (third year) in the unsplinted group. Mean marginal bone level (MBL) change in both groups was small; however, it increased over time (−0.22 ± 0.38 mm after 1 year; −0.54 ± 0.56 mm after 5 years; P < .05). After 5 years mean MBL change was −0.59 ± 0.71 mm in the unsplinted and −0.50 ± 0.41 mm in the splinted group (P > .05). Survival analysis revealed no significant difference between the unsplinted (85.7% success, 4.8% failures, and 9.5% satisfactory survivals) and splinted group (93.4% success and 6.6% satisfactory survivals) (P > .05). The group affiliation (unsplinted vs splinted) and number of implants were not significant predictors of MDI failure or survival rates (P > .05). Significant improvement in dPROMs after rehabilitation remained unchanged over 5 years (P > .05). Modified plaque index significantly increased over time, correlating with the MBL loss.
MDIs supporting crowns and/or small bridges in the mandibular incisor region showed small rates of marginal bone loss, acceptable success, and survival rates and improved dPROMs over a 5-year observation period.
Fulfilling aesthetic norms is an imperative of modern society. Accordingly, aesthetics has found its important role in dental medicine. The aim was to study whether there is a difference in the ...perception of tooth shade change and anatomical variations of anterior maxillary teeth among dental students depending on the level of education, gender, and experience in assisting in a dental office.
The research was conducted among dental students via the Google Forms platform. Students evaluated the aesthetic acceptability of a smile on the unaltered, reference photograph (RP) and on the other 28 photographs in which the tooth shade (lighter and darker teeth), length (shortened central incisors, elongated, and beveled lateral incisors, elongated canines) and position (atypical and typical rotations and diastemas) of the upper maxillary teeth were altered by digital manipulation. The 1-10 assessment scale was used. Statistical analysis comprised one-way Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, X
tests, t-test, and 3-way MANOVA.
In the research 208 students participated, 113 were preclinical students, 104 assisted in dental office and 175 were females. There were no significant effects of gender regarding length and position modifications (p > .05), while women were stricter in evaluation of lighter shade (p < .05). Clinical students were stricter in evaluating all manipulated photographs (MP) except those towards darker shade modifications, while assisting in a dental office or having a dentist in close family showed no significant effects (p > .05).
With a higher level of targeted academic education, dental students sharpen their ability to notice deviations from the aesthetic norms of a smile.
This prospective clinical study aimed to assess self-reported orofacial esthetics, chewing function, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) over three years in the Kennedy Class I patients ...without posterior dentition who received free-end saddle removable partial dentures (RPDs) retained by two mini dental implants (MDIs) inserted in the canine/first premolar region. The study's robust findings reaffirm the viability of MDI-retained RPDs as a treatment modality in contemporary prosthodontics, instilling confidence in the dental community.
Materials and methods
92 participants with posterior edentulism in the maxilla or mandible received 184 MDIs and 92 RPDs. After one year, three participants were excluded, and another seven were excluded after three years. The final sample was 82 participants. Self-perceived orofacial esthetics was assessed by the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES), chewing function by the Chewing Function Questionnaire (CFQ), and the OHRQoL by the OHIP-14. Statistical analysis utilized multivariate regression analysis, standardized effect size calculation, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, and Friedman's test.
Results
OHRQoL and chewing function significantly improved (
p
< 0.001) one month after MDI loading by the new RPDs and continued to improve over the observation period (
p
< 0.05). The OES also significantly improved (
p
< 0.001) and remained almost unchanged over the next three years (
p
= 0.440).
Conclusion
Despite the limitations of this study, the MDI-retained RPD appears to be a viable treatment modality in contemporary prosthodontics from the patients’ perspective.
Abstract Objectives To integrate items from two widely used oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) questionnaires, the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and the Oral Impacts on Daily ...Performances (OIDP), as well as culturally-specific items of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) into a four-dimensional OHRQoL model consisting of Oral Function , Orofacial Pain , Orofacial Appearance , and Psychosocial Impact. Methods Subjects came from an ancillary study of the Dimensions of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Project (N = 267 patients, mean age ± SD: 54.0 ± 17.2 years, 58% women.) Patients filled in the original 49 items of OHIP and 22 additional OHRQoL items in a cross-sectional study. These additional items consisted of 7 culturally specific OHIP items and 15 GOHAI or OIDP items with unique content not covered in OHIP-49. Before data collection, three experts hypothesized to which of the four OHRQoL dimensions these items belong. Hypotheses were tested in correlation analyses between the 22 items and the four dimension scores that were derived from OHIP-49. Results Five of the 22 items did not provide sufficient information to which dimension they belong. In 16 of the remaining 17 items, the pattern of correlation coefficients fitted experts’ a priori hypotheses. Acceptance of 16 of the 17 hypotheses was interpreted as evidence that additional (not in OHIP-49 contained) OHRQoL items can be assigned to Oral Function , Orofacial Pain , Orofacial Appearance , and Psychosocial Impact. Conclusion Items of three OHRQoL instruments can be integrated into a dimensional OHRQoL model consisting of Oral Function , Orofacial Pain , Orofacial Appearance , and Psychosocial Impact. Clinical significance Oral Function , Orofacial Pain , Orofacial Appearance , and Psychosocial Impact can serve as a simple and clinically appealing set of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) dimensions and therefore provide an opportunity for simpler, but psychometrically improved OHRQoL measurement in the future.
ObjectivesLittle is known whether specialists in different dental fields assess orofacial esthetics differently due to various focus of their interest. The aim was to find out if there is a ...difference in judgement of orofacial esthetics among specialists in three different fields of Dental Medicine, i.e. specialists in Prosthodontics (S-Prosthod), Periodontology (S-Perio), and Orthodontics (S-Ortho). Material and methodsA total of 69 specialists (23 participants in each group) assessed the same 60 photographs of the lower third of the face of young healthy people with Angle Class I and natural teeth while smiling. Moreover, the assessed anterior teeth on the photographs of similes had to be without any restorations. The assessments were made using 7 out of 8 Items of Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES). A face profile assessment was not performed. A Likert 1-5 scale was used for assessments (1-the worst score; 5-the best score). Mean values of summary scores as well as of each OES item were calculated for each specialist for further statistical analysis. One-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and Sheffe post-hoc tests were performed. ResultsThe specialists in Periodontology gave significantly lowest scores to all 7 items related to orofacial esthetics, while the specialists in Prosthodontics gave the highest scores (p<0.05). ConclusionAssessments of orofacial esthetics differ significantly among specialists in Prosthodontics, Periodontology and Orthodontics. Further study is needed to clarify the factors which influence the judgement, and to find out if specific education in certain specialties can modify the assessment.
Sports activities may induce long-lasting changes in mandibular trajectories. The aim was to compare condylar and mandibular movements in athletes with orofacial injuries with values measured in ...non-injured athletes. The group of 132 athletes without mandibular injury included asymptomatic athletes with a history of a blow to the right side (N = 43) and the group included asymptomatic athletes with a history of a blow to the left side (N = 41) of the mandible. The injured athletes suffered from stiffness/pain and/or limitation of jaw movements. The symptoms disappeared shortly after the injury. Athletes with a history of injury have smaller mean values of Bennett angle on the side of impact, and Bennett angle on the opposite side is greater than the mean found in non-injured athletes. Significantly smaller Bennett angle values in athletes with a history of a blow to one side of the mandible are due to the adaptability of the orofacial system. The larger Bennett angle on the opposite side of the injury is also due to the adaptive mechanism of the TMJ. Clinical Relevance: An individualized approach to TMJ values is mandatory in restorative procedures in every patient, especially in patients with a history of trauma to the orofacial system.
Objective: Poor oral health, mainly tooth loss, has been suggested to pose a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The nature of this relationship can be explained by mastication deficit and ...nutritional status. Also, the influence of nutritional parameters on cognitive impairment has been documented. The aim of this study was to investigate whether poor dental status and nutrition habits can be potential separate or associated risk factors for development of the AD. Methods: The study sample included 116 patients with AD and 63 controls. Sociodemographic variables were investigated as factors potentially associated with AD. Dental examination included recording the number of natural teeth, presence of fixed or removable dentures, and the number of functional tooth units (FTUs). Nutritional status analysis included qualitative nutrition information, body mass index, serum albumin level, food consistency, and need for assistance in feeding. Regression analysis was used to investigate the predictors for development of AD. Results: Variables with significant differences between groups, which were analyzed by using the binary regression analysis, were marital status, residence, number of total FTUs (no matter whether the contacts were between natural teeth or dentures), eating meat/fish and fruits/vegetables, food consistency, and serum albumin level. Logistic regression analysis showed that being single/widowed/divorced, eating more meat/fish or fruit/vegetable, eating blended/mashed/liquid food, having low levels of serum albumin, and having less FTUs were significant predictors for developing dementia. Conclusion: Having fewer occlusal contacts, consumption of soft food, and lower serum albumin levels can be considered as associated risk factors for AD.
Objectives: Satisfactory masticatory function is a significant indicator of improved oral health-related quality of life in older adults, either with or without artificial teeth. The purpose of this ...study was to examine masticatory performance of older adults with different prosthodontic reconstructions and occlusion, as well as to compare subjective and objective assessment of chewing performance. Material and Methods: This study included 100 participants aged 65 and more. The chewing function questionnaire (CFQ) with answers on the Likert scale 0–4 (0 = no difficulties; 4 = maximum difficulties) was used as an indicator of subjective masticatory assessment. The two-color chewing gum test was used as objective assessment of masticatory function (mixing ability), based on the Z-score values. Dental occlusion was assessed using functional teeth units (FTU). Results: The results obtained using the CFQ and the clinical mixing ability test are in compliance with each other (r = 0.742). A decrease in the number of natural teeth, especially posterior teeth, progressively reduced chewing ability and increased difficulties in mastication. Participants with less FTUs, or with FTUs that are a part of removable denture, had greater reduction in masticatory function compared to those with FTUs composed of natural teeth or fixed partial dentures. Conclusion: This study revealed a strong positive correlation between the subjective masticatory assessment in older adults using the validated questionnaire and the objective clinical test of the mixing ability of two chewing gums. Our data on influence of the number and the type of FTU on masticatory performance will be valuable when planning prosthodontic therapy.
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