Število rejcev oslov v Sloveniji in ostalem razvitem svetu v zadnjih letih narašča. Osli so bili v preteklosti pomembne gospodarske živali, ki so jih za delo uporabljali predvsem na območjih z malo ...krme. Ker so manj zahtevni in bolj vzdržljivi, so pogosto nadomeščali konje, danes pa so predvsem ljubiteljske živali in jih v razvitem svetu za delo večinoma ne uporabljajo. Osli in konji imajo skupne značilnosti, vendar pa so med njimi tudi pomembne razlike, ki jih ne smemo spregledati. Ena od pomembnejših razlik je način prehranjevanja in sestava obroka. Osli so se razvojno prilagodili suhim območjem podsaharske Afrike in lahko preživijo ob skromni krmi, ki ima malo energije, vsebuje malo beljakovin in veliko vlaknine. Prav zato jih moramo v našem okolju krmiti pazljivo, da ne postanejo predebeli in obolijo za številnimi, z debelostjo povezanimi boleznimi. Premalo gibanja, energijsko prebogata krma in pomanjkanje normativov v zvezi s prehrano, ki so večinoma povzeti iz normativov prirejenih za konje, so poglavitni vzroki pogostega pojavljanja debelosti pri oslih. V preglednem članku bomo predstavili značilnosti prehrane, prebave in presnove oslov, njihove potrebe po energiji in hranilnih snoveh v primerjavi s konji ter osnovne prehranske bolezni, ki se pojavijo zaradi preobilnega krmljenja: hiperlipidemija, laminitis in metabolni sindrom kopitarjev.
Introduction Lameness originating from the distal limb is common in sport horses and can vary depending on the dynamics of movement and the surface, with differences in shoeing exacerbating this ...variability. Driving horses work primarily on hard surfaces (pavement), whereas dressage horses work primarily on soft surfaces (riding arenas with sand). Driving horses are traditionally shod with small fixed studs made of hard metal, which are attached to the horseshoe at 4 points, while dressage horses are shod with a simple horseshoe. We investigated the hypothesis that there is a difference in the pathological radiographic findings of the distal limbs between driving and dressage horses. The variability in the stable management and training program was minimized by including horses from the same farm. Methods Twenty horses in a driving training program and 20 horses in a dressage program were included in the study. Radiographs of the both front feet were obtained and quantitatively evaluated for radiographic changes by three surgery/diagnostic imaging specialists. Interrater reliability was measured, and multivariate analysis was performed to compare differences in pathological radiographic findings of the distal limbs between the two groups. Results Kendal’s concordance coefficient indicated an agreement among raters (Kw ≠ 0) for all observations. Radiographic signs of degenerative joint disease of the distal interphalangeal joint were more common in the group of driving horses compared to dressage horses. Conclusion Our hypothesis was confirmed, as there were significant pathological differences between groups in distal articular margin of middle phalanx, joint space narrowing, and irregular joint surface of the middle phalanx.
Background
Equine parvovirus‐hepatitis (EqPV‐H) has been proposed as the aetiological cause of Theiler's disease, also known as serum hepatitis. EqPV‐H‐associated Theiler's disease has not been ...previously reported in Europe.
Objectives
To determine whether EqPV‐H infection was associated with a 2018‐2019 outbreak of Theiler's disease in four horses on a studfarm.
Study design
Descriptive case series.
Methods
The medical records of four horses from the same farm diagnosed with fatal Theiler's disease were examined retrospectively. Information collected included a clinical history, physical examination findings, tetanus antitoxin exposure, serum biochemistry and necropsy reports. Liver tissue from all four horses was tested for EqPV‐H using PCR and in situ hybridisation (ISH) assays.
Results
Three of the horses had a history of recent (7‐11 weeks) tetanus antitoxin administration. Liver tissue from all four horses tested positive for EqPV‐H with PCR. In situ hybridisation revealed a widespread distribution of viral nucleic acid in hepatocytes in one case, and a more sporadic distribution in the remaining three cases.
Main limitations
Case controls were not available from the farm in question given the retrospective nature of analysis.
Conclusions
This case series documents the first reported EqPV‐H‐associated Theiler's disease in Europe and the first use of ISH to visualise the viral nucleic acid in liver tissues of horses with Theiler's disease.
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