Pharmaceutical products are used tremendously worldwide and subsequently released into wastewater even at very low concentration caused serious environmental problem due to their high activity. ...Therefore, the present work focuses on remarkable removal of paracetamol as one from the most used pharmaceutical intermediates, by using porous film based on cellulose acetate@metal organic framework (CA@Ti-MIL-NH2). The film was designed to achieve extreme removal of paracetamol by action of both of adsorption and degradation. Metal organic frame work was directly synthesized and inserted within the pre-prepared porous CA film to obtain porous CA@Ti-MIL-NH2 film. The synthesized films were applied in adsorption and photo-degradation of paracetamol separately and together. Due to the photocatalytic activity of Ti-MIL-NH2, the photo-degradation of paracetamol in visible-light was much effective and considerably high degradation of paracetamol was observed (k1 = 760.0 m−1) comparing to the adsorption (k1 = 160.0 m−1). The overall removal of paracetamol was significantly enlarged from 82.7 mg/g for CA film to 519.1 mg/g for porous CA@Ti-MIL-NH2 film. The used film exhibited quite good reusability and the removal of paracetamol was lowered from 96% to 85% after 5 regeneration cycles. Results of total organic carbon confirmed that paracetamol was fully degraded to CO2 and water.
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•Porous photoactive film of CA@Ti-MIL-NH2 was prepared.•The synthesized film was applied in paracetamol adsorption and photo-degradation.•Photo-degradation of paracetamol was much effective compared to adsorption.•Total removal was enlarged from 82.7 mg/g for CA to 519.1 mg/g for CA@Ti-MIL-NH2.•After 5 reusing cycles, removal of paracetamol was lowered from 96% to 85%.
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•Re-employable effective photo-catalyst films were easily prepared by casting technique.•Metal (Ag & Pd)@MIL-125-NH2@CA films showed low band gap (2.38–1.99 eV).•The reduced ...2-nitrophenol was increased by 29–31 times when metal@MIL-125-NH2@CA used.•The photo-reduction of 2-nitrophenol was lowered to 54.4–62.0 % after 5 using times.
The effective and reusable photocatalyst film based on metal @metal organic framework@cellulose acetate metal (Ag & Pd)@MIL-125-NH2@CA was systematically studied. Nano-silver was grown over the crystalline disc of MIL-125-NH2 within CA film, while, self-assembly of crystalline trees like the structure of Pd)@MIL-125-NH2 was observed inside CA matrix. The calculated band gap was diminished from 2.53 eV to 2.38–1.99 eV after doping of metal (Ag & Pd) within MIL-125-NH2@CA film. Compared to MIL-125-NH2@CA; metal (Ag & Pd)@MIL-125-NH2@CA film showed a considerably higher photocatalytic reduction of nitro-aromatics in visible light. After 60 min, 80.6–93.5 % of 2-nitrophenol was photoreduced when metal (Ag & Pd)@MIL-125-NH2@CA film was used. After 5 recycles, the photoreduction percentage of 2-nitrophenol was lowered to 54.4–62.0. The produced metal@MIL-125-NH2@CA films showed an effective photocatalytic reduction of nitro-aromatics in the visible light, reflecting their promising performance in preparation of intermediates useful in many industrial products.
•The chemical and physical stability of MIL-125-NH2@Chitosan films were studied.•Surprising performance of MIL-125-NH2@Chitosan in removal of iodine was detected.•The kinetic data fit best in the ...pseudo-second order model of adsorption.•Both chitosan and MIL-125-NH2 in synthesized films displays a significant role in the adsorption process.
The mainly nuclear waste is radioactive iodine (129I or131I) so its disposal have great significance to produce safe water. Porous metal-organic works (MOFs) have awesome potential as high-effective adsorbents for water treatment. In any case, destitute separation limits their viable application. All in all, we worked on the development of MOFs with cross linked chitosan as a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by iodine. Due to the drawbacks of current adsorbents such as low uptake capacity, high cost, and non-recyclability; a novel cross-linked chitosan-MOF composite was synthesized and used in the adsorptive removal of iodine from wastewater. The novel composite shows high iodine removal capacity 399.68 mg g−1 at room temperature. The cross-linked chitosan-MOF composite shows chemical and thermal stability, high removal efficiency for capture of iodine from wastewater and furthermore good recyclability.
Photoluminescent textiles emitted light in ultraviolet (UV)-radiation region has advanced a variety of applications including military and police clothes. The current study reports the preparation of ...photoluminescent viscose fabrics incorporated lanthanide metal-organic framework (Ln-MOF) and their applications for self-cleaning. In situ growth of Ln (Eu3+, Tb3+) MOF into viscose fabrics were achieved using Ln (NO3)3 and 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride as organic ligand. The in-growth Ln-MOF within fabrics were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Under the UV lamb (345 nm), Eu-MOF@viscose fabric and Tb-MOF@viscose fabric visually emitted red and green color, respectively. The excitation-emission spectra showed the spectra for the 5D0→7F0-4 transitions and 5D4→7F5 transitions in case of Eu-MOF and Tb-MOF@viscose fabrics, respectively. The photoluminescent properties of Ln-MOF@viscose fabrics were enhanced after reactive dying process. The self-cleaning functions of Ln-MOF@viscose fabrics were estimated through studying the photo-degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye over the fabrics. After 120 min irradiation time, the photo-degradation of RhB dye was 85–97%, indicating high performance of Ln-MOF@viscose fabric. The materials are promising for advanced applications including protective clothing, textile-based sensors, smart tagging and tickets.
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•Ln (Eu3+, Tb3+)-MOFs were directly grown inside viscose textiles.•Under UV lamb, Eu-MOF@viscose and Tb-MOF@viscose were emitted red and green color, respectively.•After reactive dying, photoluminescent properties of Ln-MOF@viscose fabrics were improved.•Ln-MOF@viscose fabrics exhibited self-cleaning activity and 85–97% of RhB was degraded within 120 min.•Ln-MOF@viscose is promising for protective clothing, textile-based sensors, smart tagging and tickets.
Protective textiles against harmful solar radiation are quite important materials for outdoor workers to secure their skin from several diseases. Current report focuses on production of ...anti-ultraviolet radiation (UVR) textiles by incorporation of nano-metal–organic frameworks (n-MOFs). Two different MIL-MOFs, namely, MIL-68(In)-NH2 and MIL-125(Ti)-NH2, were immediately formed inside natural textiles (cotton and silk) matrix in nano size using quite simple and one-pot process. The formation of n-MIL-MOFs inside textiles were confirmed by using electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. Different size and morphology were seen depending on textile type reflecting the textiles’ chemical composition role in the nature of prepared MIL-MOFs. For MIL-68(In)-NH2, particles with size distribution of 70.6–44.5 nm in cotton and 81.3–52.2 nm in silk were detected, while crystalline disc of MIL-125(Ti)-NH2 was clearly seen inside textiles. The natural textiles exhibited full UVR blocking after modification, and the UV protection factor (UPF) was linearly proportional with MIL-MOFs and metal contents. Whatever metal type, direct incorporation of MIL-MOF contents greater than or equal to 10.4 g/kg was sufficient to attain excellent UV blocking property. Although 38.5–41.0% of MIL-MOFs was lost during five washings, the washed samples showed very good blocking rate (UPF = 26.7–36.2) supporting good laundering durability.
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Removal of naphthols, as one of the most common pharmaceutical intermediates which released in the wastewater, is in the top priority for the time being. In the current study, ...zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIF-8, Zn & ZIF-67, Co) were directly prepared within the matrix of wool fabric to remove 2-naphthol from water. The ZIF@wool fabric composite was firstly prepared and then characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, electronic microscope and energy dispersive X-ray. The material contents within wool were measured to be 118.3–128.8 mg/g for ZIF and 31.5–33.0 mg/g for M+2 (Zn & Co). The as-prepared composites were applied in the removal of 2-naphthol from water. Adsorption of 2-naphthol onto composites was followed to pseudo-first order kinetic model and the rate of adsorption was speeded up two times after incorporation of ZIF inside wool. Adsorption data were fully obeyed to Langmuir isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity was extremely enlarged from 197.1 mg/g for wool to 371.2–391.1 mg/g for ZIF@wool composite, attributing to the increment in active binding sites. By regeneration for 4 cycles, the adsorption capacities of composites was reduced by only 8–9%. It is hypothesized that, the as-synthesized ZIF@wool fabric composite is a highly applicable adsorbent composite and could be safely applied in removing of 2-naphthol with the capability for the recycling.
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•UiO-66-(COOH)2 was formed within Cotton fabrics via using quite simple technique.•The prepared composite was used in removal of creatinine from mimic blood.•The maximum adsorption ...capacity of creatinine onto composite was 212.8 mg/g.•After 3 regeneration cycles, the applied composite removed 82% from creatinine.
Hemodialysis is one of the earliest artificial kidney systems, which removes uremic toxins through using a semipermeable porous membrane. Current report focuses on designation of metal organic framework (MOF) based zirconium@cotton fabric composite and its application in kidney dialysis. UiO-66-(COOH)2 as MOF material was directly grown within cotton fabric. Fabric was firstly reacted with benzene tetra carboxylic acid forming ester and then Zr was interacted with the free carboxylic groups in the formed ester to produce UiO-66-(COOH)2@cotton fabric composite. The obtained composite was characterized by using electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and colorimetric data. After modification with MOF, fabric was acquired yellowish color. The prepared composite was used in potential kidney application through studying the removal of creatinine from mimic blood. The maximum adsorption capacity of creatinine was 113.6 and 192.3–212.8 mg/g for pristine fabric and UiO-66-(COOH)2@fabric composite, respectively. From adsorption data, creatinine adsorption onto composite was followed to pseudo-second order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm profile. After three regeneration cycles, the applied composite still achieved substantial adsorption capacity by removing of 82% from creatinine. UiO-66-(COOH)2@cotton could be considered as successful adsorbent capable of removing creatinine from blood with good reusability, which can be applied in kidney dialysis.
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•UiO-66-(COOH)2 MOF and its modification by cupper and iron were synthesized.•Remarakable removal of diclofenac by prepared MOFs was observed.•Zr atoms are the major interaction sites ...for DCF as they have the higher charge than Cu and Fe.•Remval mechanism may be due to H- bonding and and metal- π interaction.
Water pollution by pharmaceuticals is currently a great concern due to their ecological risks. In this study, zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks (UiO-66-(COOH)2) were used for removal of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac sodium (DCF). They have been synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Copper and iron metal ions were incorporated in the framework using post-synthetic modification techniques to produce UiO-66-(COOCu)2 and UiO-66-(COOFe)2. The resulted MOFs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning/transmission electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller. The effects of the pH, initial concentration, and adsorption time on the adsorption process of diclofenac were studied. The maximum adsorption capacities obtained on UiO-66-(COOH)2, UiO-66-(COOCu)2, and UiO-66-(COOFe)2 were 480.5, 624.3, and 769.1 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption of diclofenac was found to be better fitted with Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The adsorption mechanism was investigated using XRD, FT-IR, density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulation, in which the latter method was used to calculate the adsorption energies and determine the possible interactions between diclofenac and the adsorbents. UiO-66-(COOH)2, UiO-66-(COOCu)2, and UiO-66-(COOFe)2 exhibited good recyclability for diclofenac removal, which confirms the sustainability of these materials.
The compatibility of homo-metallic and hetero-metallic bio-composite was promisingly investigated as recyclable catalyst for prothiofos hydrolysis. Chitin as water insoluble biopolymer was ...functionalized as a template for generation of homo-metallic (Ag@chitin, Au@chitin and Pd@chitin) and hetero-metallic (Au@Ag@chitin, Pd@Ag@chitin and Pd@Au@Ag@chitin) composites, by using melt intercalation technique. Investigation of the compatibility of the synthesized homo-metallic and hetero-metallic bio-composites in hydrolysis of prothiofos was performed and affirmed via HPLC results. Immobilization of Pd in the composites showed perfection in the catalytic performance for prothiofos hydrolysis. Pd@Au@Ag@chitin exhibited the highest hydrolysis result of 99% for prothiofos was hydrolyzed within 150 min with rate constant (k1) of 24.48 min−1. After five recycles for Pd@Au@Ag@chitin, the hydrolysis of prothiofos was lowered from 346 mg/g to 269 mg/g with reduction percentage of 22%. The synthesized bio-composite was highly effective as recyclable catalyst and can be easily served in the remediation of pesticides.
•Metallic@chitin bio-composites were synthesized by melt intercalation technique.•Immobilization of Pd in the composites enhanced their catalytic performance.•99% of prothifos was hydrolyzed within 150 min when Pd@Au@Ag@chitin used.•After 5 regenerations for Pd@Au@Ag@chitin, the hydrolysis was decreased by 22%.•Metallic based bio-composite can use as effective recyclable catalyst in pesticides remediation.
