In tropical regions, many studies have focused on how vegetation and ecosystem processes recover following the abandonment of anthropogenic activities, but less attention has been given to the ...recovery patterns of vertebrates. Here we conduct a meta‐analysis (n = 147 studies) of amphibian, reptile, bird and mammal recovery during tropical secondary forest succession (i.e. natural regeneration). For each taxonomic group, we compared changes in species richness and compositional similarity during natural secondary succession to reference forests (mature or old growth forest). In addition, we evaluated the response of forest specialists and the change in bird and mammal functional groups during natural secondary succession in the tropical moist forest biome. Overall, species richness of all groups reached levels of the reference forests during natural secondary succession, but this was not the case for species compositional similarity. The delay in recovery of forest specialists may be the reason for the delay in recovery of species compositional similarity. Overall, vertebrate recovery increased with successional stage, but other potential predictors of diversity recovery, such as, the geographical setting (amphibian and reptile species compositional similarity recovered more rapidly on islands), rainfall (mammal species richness and compositional similarity recovered faster in regions of low rainfall), and the landscape context (amphibian, reptile and mammal species compositional similarity recovered faster in regions with more forest patches) influenced vertebrate recovery. These results demonstrate the important role of secondary forests in providing habitat for many vertebrates, but the slow recovery of species compositional similarity, forest specialists and some functional groups (e.g. insectivorous birds) highlighted the challenge of secondary forest persistence, and strongly argues for the continued protection of old growth/mature forest as habitat for forest specialists and as sources for secondary forest sites.
It’s time to listen Deichmann, Jessica L.; Acevedo-Charry, Orlando; Barclay, Leah ...
Biotropica,
09/2018, Letnik:
50, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Knowledge that can be gained from acoustic data collection in tropical ecosystems is low-hanging fruit. There is every reason to record and with every day, there are fewer excuses not to do it. In ...recent years, the cost of acoustic recorders has decreased substantially (some can be purchased for under US$50, e.g., Hill et al. 2018) and the technology needed to store and analyze acoustic data is continuously improving (e.g., Corrada Bravo et al. 2017, Xie et al. 2017). Soundscape recordings provide a permanent record of a site at a given time and contain a wealth of invaluable and irreplaceable information. Although challenges remain, failure to collect acoustic data now in tropical ecosystems would represent a failure to future generations of tropical researchers and the citizens that benefit from ecological research. In this commentary, we (1) argue for the need to increase acoustic monitoring in tropical systems; (2) describe the types of research questions and conservation issues that can be addressed with passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) using both shortand long-term data in terrestrial and freshwater habitats; and (3) present an initial plan for establishing a global repository of tropical recordings.
Vocalizations from birds are a fruitful source of information for the classification of species. However, currently used analyses are ineffective to determine the taxonomic status of some groups. To ...provide a clearer grouping of taxa for such bird species from the analysis of vocalizations, more sensitive techniques are required. In this study, we have evaluated the sensitivity of the Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) technique for grouping the vocalizations of individuals of the Rough-legged Tyrannulet
complex. Although the existence of two taxonomic groups has been suggested by some studies, the species has presented taxonomic difficulties in classification in previous studies. UMAP exhibited a clearer separation of groups than previously used dimensionality-reduction techniques (i.e., principal component analysis), as it was able to effectively identify the two taxa groups. The results achieved with UMAP in this study suggest that the technique can be useful in the analysis of species with complex in taxonomy through vocalizations data as a complementary tool including behavioral traits such as acoustic communication.
Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is a promising method for biodiversity assessment, which allows for longer and less intrusive sampling when compared to traditional methods (
., collecting ...specimens), by using sound recordings as the primary data source. Insects have great potential as models for the study and monitoring of acoustic assemblages due to their sensitivity to environmental changes. Nevertheless, ecoacoustic studies focused on insects are still scarce when compared to more charismatic groups. Insects' acoustic activity patterns respond to environmental factors, like temperature, moonlight, and precipitation, but community acoustic perspectives have been barely explored. Here, we provide an example of the usefulness of PAM to track temporal patterns of acoustic activity for a nocturnal assemblage of insects (Orthoptera). We integrate satellite remote sensing and astronomically measured environmental factors at a local scale in an Andean Forest of Colombia and evaluate the acoustic response of orthopterans through automated model detections of their songs for nine weeks (March and April of 2020). We describe the acoustic frequency range and diel period for the calling song of each representative species. Three species overlapped in frequency and diel acoustics but inhabit different strata: canopy, understory, and ground surface level. Based on the acoustic frequency and activity, we identified three trends: (i) both sampled cricket species call at lower frequency for shorter periods of time (dusk); (ii) all sampled katydid species call at higher frequency for longer time periods, including later hours at night; and (iii) the diel acoustic activity span window seems to increase proportionally with dominant acoustic frequency, but further research is required. We also identified a dusk chorus in which all the species sing at the same time. To quantify the acoustic response to environmental factors, we calculated a beta regression with the singing activity as a response variable and moon phase, surface temperature and daily precipitation as explanatory variables. The response to the moon phase was significant for the katydids but not for the crickets, possibly due to differences in diel activity periods. Crickets are active during dusk, thus the effects of moonlight on acoustic activity are negligible. The response to precipitation was significant for the two crickets and not for the katydids, possibly because of higher likelihood of rain interrupting crickets' shorter diel activity period. Our study shows how the local survey of orthopteran acoustic assemblages, with a species taxonomic resolution coupled with remote-sensing environmental measurements can reveal responses to environmental factors. In addition, we demonstrate how satellite data might prove to be a useful alternative source of environmental data for community studies with geographical, financial, or other constraints.
•Soundscapes can help to measure dimensions of ecological resilience.•Degree of soundscape alteration correlated with disturbance magnitude.•Degree of soundscape alteration corresponded with distance ...to shoreline.•Soundscapes became more variable after Hurricane Maria.•Maria impacted animal communities at dry forest sites more than at coral reefs sites.
Disturbance regimes and biodiversity—two factors that govern the stability of ecosystems—are changing rapidly due to anthropogenic forces including climate change. Determining whether ecosystems retain their structure and function through intensifying disturbance regimes is an urgent task. However, quantitatively assessing the resilience of natural systems is a complex and challenging endeavor, especially for animal communities, for which datasets around disturbance events are scarce. Here, we apply an emerging remote sensing technology—the recording and analysis of soundscapes—to quantify the resilience of Puerto Rican coral reef and dry forest animal communities in relation to Hurricane Maria, which struck the island in September 2017. Using recordings collected between March 2017 and January 2018 at three terrestrial and three marine sites, we measured three dimensions of resilience—the magnitude of the impacts (resistance), the spatial pattern of the impacts (heterogeneity), and the diversity and timeline of functional responses (recovery)—across eight sound types representing different broad taxonomic groups. While the coral reef communities exhibited high resistance to the storm, all sound types within the dry forest were significantly impacted, with two of the three insect choruses and bird vocalizations at dawn declining approximately 50% in the weeks following Hurricane Maria. The mid-frequency insect sound type returned to pre-storm levels after 56 days, while bird vocalizations returned after 67 days, though seasonal and lunar patterns underscored the importance of long-term data for accurately measuring trajectories of recovery. This study demonstrates that soundscape methodologies can help to quantify elusive dimensions of animal community resilience in order to better understand how biodiversity and ecosystem functioning will change under novel disturbance regimes.
Acoustic ecology, or ecoacoustics, is a growing field that uses sound as a tool to evaluate animal communities. In this manuscript, we evaluate recordings from eight tropical forest sites that vary ...in species richness, from a relatively low diversity Caribbean forest to a megadiverse Amazonian forest, with the goal of understanding the relationship between acoustic space use (ASU) and species diversity across different taxonomic groups. For each site, we determined the acoustic morphospecies richness and composition of the biophony, and we used a global biodiversity dataset to estimate the regional richness of birds. Here, we demonstrate how detailed information on activity patterns of the acoustic community (<22 kHz) can easily be visualized and ASU determined by aggregating recordings collected over relatively short periods (4-13 days). We show a strong positive relationship between ASU and regional and acoustic morphospecies richness. Premontane forest sites had the highest ASU and the highest species richness, while dry forest and montane sites had lower ASU and lower species richness. Furthermore, we show that insect richness was the best predictor of variation in total ASU, and that insect richness was proportionally greater at high-diversity sites. In addition, insects used a broad range of frequencies, including high frequencies (>8000 Hz), which contributed to greater ASU. This novel approach for analyzing the presence and acoustic activity of multiple taxonomic groups contributes to our understanding of ecological community dynamics and provides a useful tool for monitoring species in the context of restoration ecology, climate change and conservation biology.
Body mass is one of the most important phenotypic attributes in animal ecology and life history. This trait is widely used in the fields of ecology and macroevolution, since it influences physiology, ...morphological functions, and a myriad of ecological and social interactions. In this data set, our aim was to gather a comprehensive bird and mammal body mass data set from northern South America. We report body mass, discriminated by sex, for 42,022 individual birds and 7,441 mammals representing 1,317 bird species (69% of Colombia’s avifauna) and 270 mammal species (51% of Colombian mammals) from the Neotropics. The data were sourced from vouchers collected between 1942 and 2020 and from individuals captured and released at banding stations over the last two decades for birds (2000–2020) and the last decade for mammals (2010–2020), by 10 research groups and institutions in Colombia. This data set fills gaps identified in other similar databases, as it focuses on northern South America, a highly diverse Neotropical region often underrepresented in morphological data sets. We provide wide taxonomic coverage for studies interested in information both at regional and local scales. There are no copyright restrictions; the present data paper should be appropriately cited when data are used for publication. The authors would appreciate learning about research projects, teaching exercises, and other uses given to this data set and are open to contribute in further collaborations using these data.
Land use change and anthropic colonization influence forest degradation and biodiversity turnover. We present the first documented record of the Rufoustailed Hummingbird, Amazilia tzacatl, for the ...eastern slope of the AndesOrinoco region of Colombia. This hummingbird is widely known as a “nonforest” species in lowlands in the west of the Andes. We discuss recent observations in the eastern Andes. These records could be associated with land use change and deforestation fronts through the Andes.
Un llamado a 528 voces Lozano-Flórez, Julián; Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania; Acevedo-Charry, Orlando
Caldasia,
12/2021, Letnik:
43, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Different initiatives have allowed to know the sounds of neotropical mammals. Although in Colombia there have been some repositories of bioacustics records, the Environmental Sound Collection ...Mauricio Álvarez-Rebolledo of the Humboldt Institute (IAvH-CSA, Spanish acronym) is the only with public access. Our objectives were to explore the representativeness of mammals in the IAvH-CSA, and to promote the use of this collection within Colombian mammalogists. We found 129 recordings in the collection; the majority corresponding to primates. Recordings had representativeness of all geographic regions, except Catatumbo, and 21 out of 32 Colombian departments. Even though, only 3 % of the mammals' species from Colombia are represented in this collection. Most of the recordings have been provided by ornithologists. Therefore, we make a call to support public repositories in our country, to deposit the acoustic recordings to guarantee accessibility, and allowing to approach further questions regarding this group.
Diferentes iniciativas han permitido conocer los sonidos de los mamíferos neotropicales. Aunque en Colombia hay algunos repositorios de registros bioacústicos, la Colección de Sonidos Ambientales Mauricio Álvarez-Rebolledo del Instituto Humboldt (IAvH-CSA) es la única de acceso público. Nuestro objetivo fue explorar la representatividad de mamíferos en la IAvH-CSA y promover su uso entre la comunidad mastozoológica colombiana. Encontramos 129 registros, la mayoría de Primates. Los registros incluyen representación de todas las regiones geográficas, excepto el Catatumbo, y 21 de los 32 departamentos del país. Aun así, solo el 3 % de las especies de mamíferos de Colombia están representadas en la colección. Éstas han sido grabadas en su mayoría por ornitólogos. Por tanto, hacemos un llamado a apoyar los repositorios públicos en nuestro país, depositar los registros acústicos para garantizar accesibilidad a estos y abordar futuras preguntas en la bioacústica de mamíferos de Colombia.
El geoturismo es una disciplina emergente, basada en experimentar las características geológicas de la tierra. Este documento destaca el papel que puede desempeñar el geoturismo como estrategia que ...ayuda a impulsar el desarrollo rural sostenible del municipio de Paipa, departamento de Boyacá (Colombia). El desarrollo de infraestructuras para realizar actividades de geoturismo es urgente, ya que su patrimonio natural y cultural puede ser destruido por actividades antropogénicas. El geoturismo en el Complejo Volcánico Paipa-Iza (Colombia) tiene un potencial extraordinario para ser designado como un territorio para aspirar al estatus de Geoparque de la Unesco.
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