Understanding of apoptosis or programmed cell death has provided the basis for novel therapeutics that has resulted in rationally designed anticancer strategies. Recently, inducers of apoptosis have ...been used in cancer therapy. In this work, we describe the role of chiral phthalimides functionalized with piperazines as potential apoptotic inducers. The listed twenty phthalimides were assessed for their in vitro apoptotic activity against testicular germ cells. All phthalimides showed a significant apoptotic response (∼39 to ∼68%). TUNEL assay and acridine orange fluorescence staining were carried out to investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the cell death. Phthalimides exhibited substantial apoptotic induction following the intrinsic pathway mechanism. Studies advocated that the apoptotic induction was mediated through caspase-9, caspase-3, JNK MAP kinase and tumor suppressor p53, which was accompanied by DNA fragmentation and nuclear condensation. Besides, the best five phthalimides regarding apoptotic action were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic effects against CAL-72 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Compounds showed efficient killing of cancer cells. This discovery of functionalized phthalimides as apoptotic inducers would be highly valuable in understanding the mechanism of apoptosis at the molecular level and opens up new possibilities for therapeutic strategies.
Graphical Abstract
A new class of phthalimides functionalized with piperazines were prepared, characterized and validated as active inducers of apoptosis against testicular germ cells as advocated by histological and molecular techniques.
Background: The salivary glands tumour are relatively rare, yet they represent a wide variety of both benign and malignant histologic subtypes. Several studies have been conducted on the tumors of ...the parotid and minor salivary glands, but very few reports in the literature have focused on submandibular gland tumors as they are rare and are usually grouped with other salivary glands. Approximately 70% of the salivary gland tumors affect parotid gland with the submandibular gland being affected in 5-10% of the cases, sublingual gland in 1% and minor glands in 5-15% of the cases. So, we describe a series of 50 patients of pleomorphic adenoma affecting submandibular gland.Methods: The prospective study was conducted at Department of General Surgery, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur between January 2008 to December 2017.Results: Out of the 50 patients, 10 were male and 40 were female. Thus, male to female ratio is 1:4. Most of the 42 (84%) patients presented with painless swelling in submandibular region. Clinically the tumour has the texture of cartilage and has an irregular and bosselated surface observed in all the patients. The size of tumour was 3 to 6 cm in 32 (64%) patients observed in the present study. Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed in all the patients. All patients were managed by surgical excision. Recurrence occurred in a single patient who was managed with radical excision including a neck dissection with postoperative radiotherapy.Conclusions: Submandibular gland pleomorphic adenoma being common benign tumor, occurring commonly between the 3rd and 5th decade of life and presenting as slow growing asymptomatic swelling with female preponderance. The precise surgical excision along with whole submandibular salivary gland and postoperative radical radiotherapy required for recurrence as the accepted mode of management. However, further long-term studies involving submandibular gland have to be carried out to know the pattern of tumor recurrence.
A significant decrease in the dielectric loss and leakage current by introducing Ce in small amounts into BST thin films is demonstrated. The other effects of Ce doping are a lowering of the ...dielectric constant and a lower temperature coefficient of dielectric constant. In films containing a periodic fluctuation of Ce concentration through the thickness, prepared using a multilayer approach, the dielectric loss is further reduced. The periodicity of the composition is shown to have a significant effect on the properties. The properties of the multilayer films are seen to be significantly different from the single layer films of corresponding average composition.
ABSTRACT
Insulinomas, a rare clinical entity, are usually small, single, benign and intrapancreatic in location. Several modalities are available for preoperative localization of insulinomas. ...Intraoperative ultrasound is an important tool used for localization as well as to find anatomical relation of tumor to surrounding tissue. We are reporting three cases of insulinomas with brief discussion on modalities used for localization. After biochemical confirmation of hyperinsulinemia, preoperative localization was done initially by computed tomography followed by intraoperative ultrasonography. Preoperative localization by computed tomography was successful in all the cases but missed an additional lesion in one of the patients which was picked up by intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) that changed surgical management. Preoperative localization may not be successful in all the cases. Intraoperative direct inspection, palpation and ultrasound can be used to identify lesions in the cases where preoperative localization was unsuccessful.
Journey from 2D to 3D: Implant imaging a review Anil, Kumar N; Agrawal, Gaurav; Agrawal, Anchala ...
International journal of contemporary dental & medical reviews,
01/2014, Letnik:
2014
Journal Article
Imaging techniques play an important role in proper treatment planning for dental implant. Conventional radiographic imaging techniques provide sufficient information regarding suggested implant ...sites. But, small size, image distortion and magnification limit their use in many cases. Previously CT has been employed for preoperative planning of implant. The major disadvantages of CT are artifacts, high dose of radiation and cost. Advanced imaging modalities like CBCT produces 3D images at relatively low cost and radiation dose thus making it invaluable in coordination with other techniques providing the anatomical information thus helps in proper treatment plan, good prognosis and thus relatively low risks for surgical mishaps.
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