•A hybrid marine accident analysing model is developed to enhance safety.•Quantification of HFACS is provided by integrating ANP method.•A marine accident prevention plan is recommended.•A serious ...gas leak incident is analysed.
This paper introduces a novel hybrid approach to assess potential operational contingencies in a real shipboard accident since safety at sea is of paramount significance in maritime transportation industry. The hybrid accident analysis model integrates an Analytical Network Process (ANP) method with Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). To achieve this purpose, the HFACS model provides a schematic conceptual framework to investigate and analyse role of human error in marine accident and the ANP method provides correlation among the factors for assessment. Thus, the most important factors that contribute to the accident are revealed respectively. The novelty of this paper is to present a different perspective during marine accident analysis in which priority weights of accident causes related to the human error are calculated by ANP model. The hybrid accident analysis model is established to enhance safety and prevent loss of life or injury in maritime transportation industry. The proposed hybrid approach is illustrated with a real-ship incident case: a serious liquefied petroleum gas leak from the gas carrier ship. In conclusion, the research is expected to encourage safety researchers and ship-management companies to prevent similar accident occurrence.
Human error prediction is always onerous work in the maritime domain since it is very difficult to obtain empirical data. One accepted method, Success Likelihood Index Method (SLIM), is utilized to ...assess human error as data is very scarce in the marine industry. The SLIM provides a quick tool to predict human error and evaluate human error probability (HEP) that occurs during the completion of a specific task. The weakness of the method is the subjectivity in the process of experts’ judgments causing difficulties in ensuring consistency. To remedy this gap, this paper proposes a fuzzy based SLIM technique which provides more accurate estimation during human error quantification. In the proposed approach, while the SLIM is utilized to estimate HEP, the fuzzy sets deal with the vagueness of expert judgments and expression in decision-making during the weighting process of performance shaping factors (PSF). To illustrate the proposed approach, the abandon ship procedure in marine transportation has been selected since the evacuation of the ship is critical to prevent the loss of life in the case of emergency. The outcomes of the paper can be utilized by ship owners, safety managers as well as ship management companies to minimize the likelihood of human error occurring within a specific task and to enhance overall levels of safety on-board a ship in the marine environment.
•Practical contribution to human error assessment in maritime transportation.•A practical hybrid proposal to predict human error probability.•Application of fuzzy sets into SLIM approach.•Enhancing safety and crew performance in the event of ship abandon in maritime transportation.
The human factor is a hot topic for the maritime industry since more than 80 percent of maritime accidents are due to human error. Minimizing human error contributions in maritime transportation is ...vital to enhance safety levels. At this point, the maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) concept has become one of the most significant aspects to minimize human errors. The objective of this research is to predict the human–machine interface (HMI)-based operational errors in autonomous ships to improve safety control levels. At this point, the interaction between shore-based operator and controlling system (cockpits) can be monitored and potential HMI operational errors can be predicted. This research utilizes a Success Likelihood Index Method (SLIM) under an interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs) approach. While the SLIM provides a prediction of the human–machine interface (HMI) operational errors, the IT2FSs tackles uncertainty and vagueness in the decision-making process. The findings of this paper are expected to highlight the importance of human–machine interface (HMI) operational errors in autonomous ships not only for designers but also for operational aspects.
•Application of ANP method into marine accident analysis.•Quantification practice into conventional AcciMap approach.•Improving safety at sea by integrating ANP method into AcciMap.•Avoiding of ...marine accident in particular grounding in the future.
Safety is always critical aspect for marine industry since there are numerous perils at sea and those may result loss of ship, environment pollution, human injury and even loss of life. The studies show that the most of marine accidents are due to decision error (Chauvin et al., 2013) as the human factors are one of the main contributory factors of marine accident particularly grounding of ships at sea. In this context, maritime authorities struggle to decrease marine accidents at sea by enforcing rules and regulations. However, the marine accidents are still on-going. This paper primarily deals with potential navigational contingencies in particular grounding incident by proposing a hybrid accident analysis method to enhance safety in marine industry. The hybrid approach basically incorporates Accident Analyse Mapping (AcciMap) and Analytical Network Process (ANP) methods to analyse causes of marine accidents analytically. Whilst AcciMap analyses marine accident causes schematically, the ANP technique weights them analytically which can be obtained from the synthesised supermatrix. The proposed hybrid approach is demonstrated with a real-case grounding incident at sea. Thus, prominent accident causes are revealed and necessary preventive measures are proposed in advance. Consequently, the study is expected to contribute maritime safety as well as prevent grounding accidents at sea by encouraging maritime safety engineers and ship operators.
•A quantified human error prediction approach to enhance safety in marine industry.•Systematic human error prediction to determine the desired safety control level.•HEP reduction measures for ...critical shipboard operations in crude oil tankers.•Enhancement of safety during critical shipboard operation in crude oil tankers.
This paper presents an approach to quantify human error probability in the gas inerting operation of crude oil tankers since it is one of the most critical processes on-board ships. The maritime regulatory bodies require the application of the use of inert gas on newly built tankers, and most existing tankers over 20,000dwt, since the gas inerting operation prevents fire and chemical reaction inside the cargo tanks. Despite its operational benefits, it may cause oxygen deficiency inside the tanks and damage human health as well as the marine environment. Therefore, it is quite significant for marine safety practitioners to predict human error probability (HEP) during the gas inerting operation. Unlike conventional HEP assessment methods, this paper contains a quantitative approach to systematically predict human error for designated tasks and ascertain the desired safety control level in crude oil tanker ships. To achieve this goal, a quantification of human error probability approach is proposed. In view of the findings, human error reduction measures are recommended. As a result, the paper is expected to contribute to the improvement of maritime safety, protection of the environment, and the reduction of loss of life on-board crude oil tankers.
Duration of cargo operation (loading or discharging) is of paramount importance for ship owners and port managers since idle time at terminal significantly boost to the cost of providing shipping ...service. Hence, it is important to choose the appropriate shiploader type for handling bulk materials. This paper aims to present a comprehensive multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method extended by interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs) for selecting appropriate shiploader type in maritime transportation. The proposed approach incorporates Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) under IT2FSs environment to overcome more of the uncertainty of experts’ judgement and expression in decision-making. The proposed approach adopts a sensitivity analysis to investigate the impact of key performance indicator (KPI) under numerous conditions. Besides its robust theoretical background, this paper prompts practical benefits to decision-makers (port owners or port managers) who make investment decision for appropriate shiploader type in dry bulk cargo shipment.
•A hybrid method is extended by interval type-2 fuzzy sets to select the appropriate shiploader type in maritime transportation.•AHP and TOPSIS method under IT2FSs is provided.•A sensitivity analysis to investigate the impact of key performance indicator.
Gas freeing process in crude oil tanker ships is widely recognized one of the most hazardous aspects of shipboard operations. Although the process provides practical benefits to ship by removing the ...explosive or poisonous gases from the cargo tanks and raising the oxygen level up to 21 percent, the consequences of failure may cause serious damage to human health, marine environment and cargo. Therefore, the crew exercise utmost care and become aware of the potential hazards in gas freeing process. In this context, this paper provides a fuzzy DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) method to evaluate critical operational hazards in gas freeing process. While the DEMATEL method enables to identify and analyse the potential hazards of gas freeing process with respect to causal–effect relation diagram, fuzzy sets deal with the uncertainty in decision-making and human judgements through the DEMATEL. Thus, the hybrid approach provides smart solution for safety practitioners to prevent critical hazards in gas freeing process. The results of the research will contribute to maritime safety at sea and prevention of environment pollution as well as loss of life on-board crude oil tankers ships.
•The research has practical values in hazards evaluation towards crude oil tanker.•The research enables methodological extension through the integration of the Fuzzy sets into the DEMATEL.•The research systematically evaluate operational hazards and recommend required preventive measures crude oil tankers.•It contributes enhancement of safety, prevention of environment as well as loss of life at sea.
The human factor is regarded as one of the most significant topics for sustainable maritime transportation since increasing shipping activities can pose potential hazards to human life, the ...environment, and commodity. The paper aims to assess the potential contribution of human errors in the maritime industry. Hence, Success Likelihood Index Method (SLIM) was employed by incorporating interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs). While SLIM systematically estimates human error probability (HEP) for the designated task, IT2FS deals with subjectivity in the process of using experts’ judgements. A loading operation onboard containership was investigated due to its considerable risks for the marine environment. Safety culture, experience, fatigue, and time limitation were observed as highly effective on crew performance. The obtained results indicate that the IT2FS-SLIM approach can effectively be applied for determining the vulnerabilities and critical human errors in the operational process. The paper is also intended to enhance safety control levels and minimize potential errors in maritime transportation.
•An interval type-2 fuzzy SLIM approach to predict human error in maritime transportation.•Safety culture, experience, fatigue and time limitation are highly effective on crew performance during the loading operation.•IT2FS copes with the vagueness and subjectivity in the decision-making process while SLIM systematically predicts HEP.
Effective management of the electronic nautical charts (ENCs) preparation process using the electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) is crucial to ensure the safety of ships. Delays or ...failures in this process can prevent the creation of a safe voyage plan and result in delays or maritime accidents, which may damage a company's reputation. To identify risk factors causing such issues, the quadratic mean method-based Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process was used to weigh and determine the most prominent ones. Additionally, the study proposes specific solutions to eliminate each risk factor. The study's outputs are expected to improve the management of ENC preparation, which is a frequent task for ships using electronic navigation. Keywords: Risk assessment, ECDIS, ENC, Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, Quadratic mean method
Risk assessment in maritime domain is one of the most cited topics since maritime transportation poses potential hazard for human life, marine environment and property. To mitigate risk and enhance ...safety awareness in maritime transportation, safety researchers have been seeking proactive solutions. This article prompts a quantitative risk-based approach combining interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs) with failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) to perform a comprehensive risk analysis. Thus, potential failure modes and their effects are revealed by calculating risk prioritisation numbers (RPNs). Whilst the FMEA method provides a robust risk analysing tool with relevant control options, the IT2FSs deals with ambiguity and vagueness of linguistic assessment of decision-makers through the FMEA. Hence, expert's linguistic assessment in risk assessment can be transformed into useful information in terms of enhancing safety and pollution prevention in maritime industry. To demonstrate the proposed approach, potential failures and effects of a real shipboard oil spill case are handled. The findings show that incomplete information exchanged with local maritime authorities, malfunction of oil skimmer and poor organization of shoreline clean-up team are the most important failures during case of oil spill. The proposed approach provides not only theoretical insight into the maritime transportation industry but also practical contributions to chemical/oil tanker safety and environmental protection by mitigating risk in terms of technical or operational aspects.
