•The laminar burning velocity has been measured for gasoline and surrogate components.•A toluene reference fuel reproduced the laminar burning velocity of gasoline.•The temperature dependence of the ...laminar burning velocity is shown.•The temperature dependence has a minimum around peak burning velocity.
Laminar burning velocities have been measured using the heat flux method on a flat flame adiabatic burner. Measurements were done for iso-octane, n-heptane, toluene, a toluene reference fuel (i.e., a mixture of iso-octane, n-heptane and toluene) and a commercial gasoline. The laminar burning velocities of the toluene reference fuel were in correspondence with the laminar burning velocities of the commercial gasoline. Measurements were done for an equivalence ratio from 0.7 to 1.3 and for a range of temperatures between 298K and 358K. The temperature dependence of the fuels is shown and the measurements are compared to literature data and simulations using reduced kinetic models.
Gut microbiota of patients with Parkinson’s disease and healthy volunteers was analyzed by the method of high throughput 16S rRNA sequencing of bacterial genomes. In patients with Parkinson’s ...diseases, changes in the content of 9 genera and 15 species of microorganisms were revealed: reduced content of
Dorea
,
Bacteroides
,
Prevotella
,
Faecalibacterium
,
Bacteroides massiliensis
,
Stoquefichus massiliensis
,
Bacteroides coprocola
,
Blautia glucerasea
,
Dorea longicatena
,
Bacteroides dorei
,
Bacteroides plebeus
,
Prevotella copri
,
Coprococcus eutactus
, and
Ruminococcus callidus
, and increased content of
Christensenella
,
Catabacter
,
Lactobacillus
,
Oscillospira
,
Bifidobacterium
,
Christensenella minuta
,
Catabacter hongkongensis
,
Lactobacillus mucosae
,
Ruminococcus bromii
, and
Papillibacter cinnamivorans
. This microbiological pattern of gut microflora can trigger local inflammation followed by aggregation of α-synuclein and generation of Lewy bodies.
The paper is devoted to the main results of the development and application of a multilevel approach to mathematical and computer modeling of large-scale pipeline systems. The approach is intended to ...overcome the problems of dimension of such systems, as well as fragmentation of information and methodological support of modeling tasks that are dealt with at different departmental, regional, organizational and temporal levels of decision-making on the control of pipeline system expansion and operation. The principles and experience of the implementation of a computer platform for the automation of customization and use of multilevel information and computational models of pipeline systems of various purposes are characterized. Heating systems are used as an example to set forth the mechanisms for implementing the multilevel approach to calculate and analyze operating conditions in the design, operation and dispatch control. The formalization of the hydraulic planning task is presented as a discrete-continuous optimization problem of large dimension with multiple criteria. A new procedure for hierarchical optimization of hydraulic conditions and new methods to solve the problems of optimization of different hierarchical levels and coordination of solutions are presented. This approach could be useful in calculation of energy systems (heat, gas, water, electricity, etc.).
Reasonable parameters are determined for elastic rotor suspensions of mechanical gyroscopes. As a result, the effort and cost of preliminary design may be reduced in developing precision instruments.
Light-driven sodium pumps (NaRs) are unique ion-transporting microbial rhodopsins. The major group of NaRs is characterized by an NDQ motif and has two aspartic acid residues in the central region ...essential for sodium transport. Here we identify a subgroup of the NDQ rhodopsins bearing an additional glutamic acid residue in the close vicinity to the retinal Schiff base. We thoroughly characterize a member of this subgroup, namely the protein ErNaR from Erythrobacter sp. HL-111 and show that the additional glutamic acid results in almost complete loss of pH sensitivity for sodium-pumping activity, which is in contrast to previously studied NaRs. ErNaR is capable of transporting sodium efficiently even at acidic pH levels. X-ray crystallography and single particle cryo-electron microscopy reveal that the additional glutamic acid residue mediates the connection between the other two Schiff base counterions and strongly interacts with the aspartic acid of the characteristic NDQ motif. Hence, it reduces its pKa. Our findings shed light on a subgroup of NaRs and might serve as a basis for their rational optimization for optogenetics.
•The thin iron silicide film ion-beam synthesized under external stress.•The region with relatively high external tensile stress is magnetically anisotropic.•The anisotropy field is proportional to ...the stress applied during implantation.•The coercive force in isotropic regions increases with decreasing external stresses.
The effect of the tensile stress applied during ion beam synthesis of thin silicide films on magnetic properties is studied. The magneto-optical Kerr effect revealed the existence of both magnetically anisotropic and isotropic regions in the synthesized thin film. In the isotropic regions, the increase in the coercive force is observed as the external tensile stresses decrease. It is assumed that in this area stress relaxation and the subsequent growth of the finely dispersed silicide phase occur. In accordance with the Herzer model, large values of the coercive force are associated with relatively large crystallite sizes. In the magnetically anisotropic region, the anisotropy field is proportional to the stress applied during implantation that indicates the magnetoelastic nature of the induced anisotropy.
This work demonstrates how to create the structures Au/GaAs with perfect on-surface gold nanoclusters. In doing so, used is covering the GaAs substrate with chemically stable atomic monolayers of ...sulphur to prevent subsequently a chemical reaction of Au with GaAs. The structures Au/S/GaAs with monolayers of chemisorbed sulphur atoms are fabricated, characterized and studied by polarized reflection spectroscopy. The anisotropy of on-surface gold nanoclusters is established, and the anisotropic plasmons localized in Au clusters are investigated using the spectra of polarized reflection and interpreted theoretically.
The principal role of chemical passivation of GaAs surface in the formation on it of oriented anisotropic nanoclusters of gold is discussed. The nanoclusters are fabricated by thermal annealing of a ...gold film deposited onto GaAs(001) surface passivated as a preliminary by a monolayer of nitrogen or sulfur atoms. These atoms, bonded chemically to gallium atoms of the crystal surface, form a crystal lattice and prevent the chemical interaction of Au with GaAs. As a result of annealing, the arrays of anisotropic (elongated) nanoclusters of chemically pure Au oriented preferably in crystal
direction are formed on passivated GaAs(001) surface. The presence of strong anisotropy and orientation of Au clusters on passivated GaAs surfaces is established by the methods of probe diagnostics and of optical reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy and polarized reflection spectroscopy. Using an optical model of plasmonic polarizability of elongated Au spheroids, it is shown that the spectral features observed in polarized reflection originate from anisotropic plasmons of Au nanoclusters polarized mainly in direction
of crystal.
It is known that two Reissner–Nordstrom black holes or two overextreme Reissner–Nordstrom sources cannot be in physical equilibrium. In the static case such equilibrium is possible only if one of the ...sources is a black hole and another one is a naked singularity. We define the notion of physical equilibrium in general (stationary) case when both components of a binary system are rotating and show that such system containing a Kerr–Newman black hole and a Kerr–Newman naked singularity also can stay in physical equilibrium. The similar question about the system of two charged rotating black holes or two rotating overextreme charged sources still remains open.
NRV web knowledge base on low-energy nuclear physics Karpov, A.V.; Denikin, A.S.; Naumenko, M.A. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
07/2017, Letnik:
859
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The paper describes the principles of organization and operation of the NRV web knowledge base on low-energy nuclear physics (http://nrv.jinr.ru/) which integrates a large amount of digitized ...experimental data on the properties of nuclei and nuclear reaction cross sections with a wide range of computational programs for modeling of nuclear properties and various processes of nuclear dynamics which work directly in the browser of a remote user. The paper also gives an overview of the current situation in the field of application of network information technologies in nuclear physics. The features of the NRV knowledge base are illustrated in detail on the example of the analysis of nucleon transfer reactions within the distorted wave Born approximation.