This paper presents a cycle by cycle Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) demodulator, able to demodulate a FSK signal with 1% frequency modulation index (MI), in a single cycle. Based on the proposed ...demodulation scheme, a high rate data transmission link can be established through a high-Q inductive coupling link, breaking the basic tradeoff between the power transfer efficiency (PTE) and data rate in single carrier wireless power and data transfer systems. Designed and simulated with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0.18\mu m </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process, the proposed FSK demodulator, detects successfully a 5Mbps data with a carrier frequency of 5MHz. A test chip is fabricated in 180nm CMOS technology. Measurement results shows that the demodulator is able to demodulate the cycle-by-cycle modulated FSK signals with low modulation index of 2.5%, with a BER of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">1.24\times 10^{-5} </tex-math></inline-formula>.
This paper presents an analytical model for power harvester circuits used in Ultra-low power applications. Assuming that the MOS devices of the circuit fully operate in the Sub-threshold regime in ...both forward and reverse regions, closed-form equations for important properties of the rectifier circuit such as output voltage, efficiency and input resistance are derived. The model includes the effect of the compensation voltage on the circuit behavior. There is a good agreement between the simulation results and the model. In addition, the contour plots needed to simultaneously optimize the matching network and the rectifier circuit are derived by the resulting equations. A 50-Stage rectifier was fabricated in a 180-nm standard CMOS Process. The proposed model is verified with the measurement results. The model has a maximum error of 10% in comparison with the circuit simulation, and a maximum error of 12% with the measured values.
This article presents a method for implementing amplitude modulation in class-E power amplifiers (PAs). The output voltage amplitude of a class-E PA is proportional to the input signal duty cycle. ...The proposed method exploits this feature in order to implement amplitude shift keying modulation in the standard class-E PA. The conditions for the optimum operation of a class-E PA while using two different input duty cycles are analyzed. The desired conditions are derived at the same time to reduce differences between optimum circuit elements while using different input duty cycles. The resulting class-E PA satisfies both zero voltage switching and zero derivatives of voltage at switching conditions by changing only one capacitor. This method neither degrades the efficiency nor needs many changes in circuit components. A step-by-step design procedure based on the proposed method is introduced. The simulations and measurement results verify the accuracy of the proposed method. The fabricated PA is designed to operate at 1-MHz frequency with V DD = 2 V and 50-Ω load. The input duty cycle is changed from 25% to 49%, resulting in output amplitudes of 1.2 and 3.68 Vpp, and efficiencies of 88% and 94%, respectively.
Introduction: This study was aimed to identify the sanitary and health-oriented and information needs of Afghan immigrant women with breast cancer who are being treated and coping with their disease ...in health centers and hospitals in Iran.
Method: The present study is a survey and applied in terms of purpose. The study population consisted of 72 Afghan immigrant female patients with breast cancer. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information divided into 6 sections and had 65 questions. Kruskal-Wallis,Mann-Whitney U tests, and SPSS statistical software version 20 were used to analyze the data.
Findings: The results showed no significant difference between the health information needs of immigrants based on age, marital status, literacy rate, occupation, treatment stage, manner and place of residence, and other demographic characteristics. “Achieving a healthy life” has been identified as the most critical information need (with a mean of 4.14), and “lack of familiarity with traditional sources related to sanitary and health” has been identified as the most crucial barrier (with a mean of 3.99) in accessing sanitary and health information.
Conclusion: Paying attention to the information needs of cancer patients, especially immigrants and refugees with cultural differences and many social gaps with the host community (Iran), seems inevitable. As a result of being aware of the health information needs of these people in different stages of treatment and providing appropriate information by health professionals, informants, doctors, nurses, and medical staff, the situation will provide for better and more effective treatment of these patients in addition to reducing mental anxiety and psychological security in patients.
The present study aims to design a model for the effect of content marketing on ecustomer relationship management (E-CRM) in the Iran Public Libraries Foundation (IPLF). This research is applied in ...terms of its objective and mixed (quantitativequalitative) in terms of its approach. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research consists of experts who are fully acquainted with the subject of content marketing, including 17 professors in the departments of information science and knowledge, business management with the marketing orientation, information technology (IT), computer engineering and content production experts have chosen using purposeful and snowball sampling method. The statistical population of the research in the quantitative stage includes all managers, staff, and, librarians of Iranian public libraries, i.e. 7000 people. Using Cochran's formula and by stratified random sampling method, 364 people are selected as the total sample size. Due to sampling error (0.05) and the possibility of non-return of some questionnaires, 375 questionnaires are distributed and 366 questionnaires are collected and analyzed. Data collection tools are semi-structured interviews in the qualitative part and researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part, which is designed based on the findings of the qualitative part of the research. Also, the standard Kamalian, Amini Lari and Moezzi (2009) questionnaire is used to assess ECRM. In this study, theme analysis is used to identify the factors affecting content marketing, the fuzzy Delphi technique is used to consolidate the opinions of experts, and confirmatory factor analysis is used to evaluate the validity and reliability of the questionnaires. Results: Based on the study of texts and exploratory interviews with experts, five dimensions of strategic planning, content supply, and production, content distribution and dissemination, content analysis, pricing, and sales are identified for content marketing. Among these, content supply and production factor with an impact factor of 0.931 has the most impact and is the priority. Factors of content distribution and dissemination with a coefficient of 0.917; content analysis with a coefficient of 0.894; strategic planning with a coefficient of 0.877; and pricing and sales with a coefficient of 0.642 are in the second to fifth priorities in terms of effectiveness, respectively. Also, the impact factor of content marketing on the effectiveness of ECRM is calculated to be 816%. Findings at the error level of 0.05 indicate that content marketing has a significant effect on the effectiveness of ECRM in IPLF. ECRM in IPLF can be explained by the content marketing model. In addition to producing useful content related to the needs and preferences of its audience, it creates a powerful tool to gain trust and change the audience's attitude towards the services provided. Moreover, by increasing the skills of staff and managers, IPLF has made more efforts to identify, attract and retain audiences, which in the long run will lead to customer satisfaction, increased revenue growth, and achievement of competitive advantage.
IntroductionThe field of providing information and the method of publishing information has permanently been subject to modification and alteration, and as we know, with the introduction of computer ...technology in the field of librarianship and the change in the way of providing services, the imperative task of information dissemination has been reserved for librarians (Kanjilan,2011).Due to the nature of their job, librarians must be interested to changes and change their services and the way they provide services at the same time and in agreement with the changes, so that they can respond to the information needs of the residents(Mohammadi Fard,2015).Nowadays, with the development of new information technologies and the challenges of information societies, the traditional role of public libraries has changed and functions such as teaching and creating computer skills have become more projecting. Thus, librarians of public libraries should initially, be prepared with these skills. A librarian who is not computer literate will never be a good guide for library users. The inability of individuals to access information and their limited knowledge in using computers can hinder their success in retrieving information. Hence, enhancing computer literacy is particularly essential for these individuals. Education can play a crucial role in improving their computer skills (Abtahi,2017). One form of instruction is electronic training, also referred to as e-learning or virtual learning. This type of learning involves online courses provided through a virtual education system, enabling electronic learning processes(Ghalian & Zalpour,2018). The objective of this study was to examine the impact of electronic information retrieval training on the information retrieval abilities of librarians.Literature ReviewKia, Moazzami, and Kia Lashaki (2021) in a study entitled: “Examining the influence of virtual skills training during the COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of Chalous Scientific-Applied University graduates” concluded that virtual skill training has a positive and significant effect on the performance of graduates in the Corona era, and the regression equation was also presented to predict the effect of the predictor variable on the criterion variable. Mohaghegh, Raiesi Dehkordi, Alibeik, Ghashghaee and Janbozorgi (2017) showed that consistent with the employees' attitude towards participating in in-service virtual training courses, their satisfaction along the course and the productivity of the topics discussed in these courses, from the point of view of librarians, the effectiveness and quality of in-service virtual training courses are at the favorite level.Al-Fraihat, Masa'deh and Sinclair (2020) showed there are four structures influencing the use of e-learning, the quality of the educational system, the quality of the support system, the quality of the learner and the perceived usefulness, which together account for 1.34% of the variance. Finally, 64.7% of the variance of e-learning benefits is explained by supposed usefulness, alleged satisfaction, and use. Maurice (2017) showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between virtual training and employee empowerment, and employees who did not participate in in-service training are less empowered than those who participated in these courses.MethodologyThe current research was of the type of applied research and the method of conducting the research was of an experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design with control and experimental groups. The statistical population of this research included all the librarians of the public libraries of Mazandaran province in 1401 in the number of 285 people (taken from the statistics center of the general administration of the public library of Mazandaran province). After the homogenization of the statistical population geographically (Mazandaran province was divided into three parts, east, central and west) and from each part according to the inclusion criteria such as willingness to participate in training sessions at certain hours, being librarians of public libraries in Mazandaran province, having a bachelor's degree, having an age between 25 and 40 years, working experience of more than 5 years in a library, obtaining a score below 39 from the questionnaire and exit criteria including not working in public libraries in Mazandaran province, having a bachelor's degree and obtaining a score above 39 from Questionnaire, first, 30 people were selected by purposive sampling method and they were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people, experimental and control. The experimental group received information retrieval skills training in 9 sessions (each session lasting 2 hours) electronically and remotely. But the control group did not use any training. In order to measure the information retrieval skills of librarians, due to the lack of a standard scale, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed. Also, its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.89 in a test run.DiscussionThe findings displayed that the average skill of information retrieval in the experimental group (47.07) in the post-test is higher than the average in the control group (26.86). which indicates that, electronic information retrieval training has an effect on the skills of librarians in information retrieval. In the explanation of the research findings, it can be stated that electronic training allows people to obtain scientific information in less time and at a cheaper cost and it increases its generality and also causes rapid learning of skills in various dimensions. The internet is an easy way in the new age to get up-to-date and new articles and information for learning and empowerment. In other words, the availability of the Internet makes it possible to obtain new information in less time, and in the context of librarians' use of new methods and patterns in information retrieval, it surges their skill in information retrieval.ConclusionThe results of the research showed that electronic information retrieval training has a positive and significant effect on the skills of librarians in information retrieval, and electronic information retrieval training can be one of the effective options in increasing the capabilities and skills of librarians.
Maturity models were introduced with the advancement, development and application of technologies and are considered as management topics. Maturity models have levels that each level includes the ...characteristics related to it. Using maturity models, the effectiveness and performance of the organization can be evaluated. In the present study, articles on maturity models and maturity capability models with a qualitative approach and meta-combined method are reviewed. In addition to examining maturity models in different fields and examining the dimensions of that maturity model, the ability to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of university libraries should be examined. The existing writings on maturity models are based on their translation and interpretation. Based on this, 93 valid sources in the field of maturity models and 37 sources in the field of maturity models of capability and university libraries were examined. By analyzing the sources, 3 categories, 9 indicators and 21 codes for the characteristics of each level were obtained for the maturity model of university libraries. Based on the results, the technical category and the concept of hardware and software systems have the first rank and are of higher importance. The maturity model of university libraries helps library and university administrators to plan for the promotion of each level and reach the ideal level by determining and evaluating the characteristics of each level.
Background and aim: One of the most common methods of evaluation of researchers' scientific outputs and their affiliated organizations is using different methods of scientometrics, which is done by a ...citation databases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the scientific outputs of Mazandaran University from 2006 to 2016. Material and methods: This descriptive study was conducted using scientometric approach. Research population was the indexed papers in Scopus citation (4091 documents). Data related to articles with the affiliation of (AF-ID = "University of Mazandaran") were searched in the Scopus. Then, the time limit for scientific output was defined (LIMIT-TO (PUBYEAR)) and the final research was conducted. Finally, data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS. Findings: The results showed that the scientific outputs of Mazandaran University have increased during the study period. The least amount of scientific output was in 2006, and the highest in 2013. The largest number of indexed documents, the most received citations, and the prolific authors (60%) belong to the Faculty of Chemistry and Physics. In terms of the type of the indexed scientific documents, the largest number was related to research papers (93/4%), In terms of scientific collaboration and inter-organizational co-authorship, Mazandaran University had the most cooperation with neighboring universities. Conclusion: Totally, due to the ascending trend of recorded documents until 2013 and its descending one in the following years and for observing the research results of researchers in the world and reaching the University to the peak of their scientific publications, this University authorities should be provided the conditions in which the researchers can achieve to the necessary motivation and ability for publication in valid scientific journals.
Background and aim: One of the most common methods of evaluation of researchers' scientific outputs and their affiliated organizations is using different methods of scientometrics, which is done by a ...citation databases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the scientific outputs of Mazandaran University from 2006 to 2016. Material and methods: This descriptive study was conducted using scientometric approach. Research population was the indexed papers in Scopus citation (4091 documents). Data related to articles with the affiliation of (AF-ID = "University of Mazandaran") were searched in the Scopus. Then, the time limit for scientific output was defined (LIMIT-TO (PUBYEAR)) and the final research was conducted. Finally, data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS. Findings: The results showed that the scientific outputs of Mazandaran University have increased during the study period. The least amount of scientific output was in 2006, and the highest in 2013. The largest number of indexed documents, the most received citations, and the prolific authors (60%) belong to the Faculty of Chemistry and Physics. In terms of the type of the indexed scientific documents, the largest number was related to research papers (93/4%), In terms of scientific collaboration and inter-organizational co-authorship, Mazandaran University had the most cooperation with neighboring universities. Conclusion: Totally, due to the ascending trend of recorded documents until 2013 and its descending one in the following years and for observing the research results of researchers in the world and reaching the University to the peak of their scientific publications, this University authorities should be provided the conditions in which the researchers can achieve to the necessary motivation and ability for publication in valid scientific journals.
The aim of this study is to investigate the scientific output of faculty members of Sari University in Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources based on h index in Scopus citation. The study is a ...descriptive survey and method was citation analysis. The research population included all faculty members of Sari University in Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (N=126) and scientific productions indexed in the Scopus database, that has been analyzed by using SPSS software (version 21). Among faculty members with a professorship rating of 55.6%, 41.7% with a rank of associate professors, 44.4% had an associate professor with an H index. The highest amount of scientific production was in 2007; also, highest research age of faculty members was 16 years old. The faculty of crop sciences with 19 has the most faculty members indexed in Scopus database. Faculty of animal science and fisheries has 18, faculty of natural science has 17, faculty of agricultural engineering has 12, and faculty of basic science with 4 members in Scopus database has the fewest members. In conclusion, to raise the h index, faculty members must be encouraged and supported to present articles in credible citation databases, research budgets must be increased, training courses must be conducted for writing ISI articles, validated databases and scientific journals, and high impact coefficients for improving science production must be introduced.
