The
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus–
Acinetobacter baumannii complex includes some of the most clinically relevant species of the genus
Acinetobacter due to their capacity to cause epidemic nosocomial ...outbreaks as well as their increasing resistance to antibiotics. Susceptibility of Acinetobacter strains varies greatly depending on origin, thus highlighting the importance of local analyses of susceptibility profiles. Two hundred twenty-one strains of the
A. calcoaceticus–
A. baumannii complex were identified using biochemical tests and were biotyped. Strain susceptibility to imipenem, meropenem, colistin and sulbactam was studied using agar dilution. Eight different biotypes were found, type 1 accounting for 69.2% of the strains. MIC
50 and MIC
90 to imipenem, meropenem, colistin and sulbactam were 4 and 8
mg/l, 16 and 32
mg/l, 0.5 and 1
mg/l, and 8 and 16
mg/l, with susceptibility rates of 64.3, 22.6, 98.2 and 73.8%, respectively. Biotype 1 was the most resistant. A statistically significant difference was observed for the mean MIC of the four predominant biotypes to imipenem, meropenem and sulbactam but not to colistin.
Discrimination during vital moments, such as the university period, can generate a high impact on people's behavior and health. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible association of ...discrimination with perceived health and with different risk behaviors, as well as to describe gender differences in Spanish university students. Discrimination during vital moments, such as college, can have a high impact on people's behavior and health.
A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from first-year university students from 11 Spanish universities (n=9,862). Discrimination, perceived health, alcohol consumption, smoking, consumption of illegal substances, leisure time connected to the Internet, risky sexual relations, family function, risk of mental health problems and risk of eating disorders were assessed. Prevalences with their 95% confidence intervals were obtained and for quantitative variables the mean and standard deviation were calculated. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine the relationship between discrimination and the other variables.
An association was found between discrimination and fair or poor perceived health (OR: 1.7; p=0.0001), consumption of illegal substances (OR: 1.3; p=0.002), problematic internet use (OR: 1.3; p=0.004), family dysfunction (OR: 1.8; p=0.0001), risk of mental health problems (OR: 1.9; p=0.0001) and eating disorders (OR: 1.5; p=0.0001). Regarding gender differences, higher prevalence of discrimination was observed in men with health status perceived as fair or worse (OR: 2.2; p=0.0001), family dysfunction (OR: 1.8; p=0.0001), risk of mental health problems (OR: 2.2; p=0.0001) and eating disorders (OR: 1.9; p=0.002). Women, apart from the previous variables, presented association of discrimination with consumption of illegal substances (OR: 1.3; p=0.005) and problematic internet use (OR: 1.4; p=0.002).
The study findings underline that there is an association between discrimination and risk behaviors among Spanish university students. In turn, discrimination was associated with poor or fair perceived health, this relationship being similar in both men and women.
Se aconsejan diferentes medidas para disminuir la pancreatitis poscolangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (PPCPRE). Efectuamos un estudio en pacientes con CPRE tratados con diclofenaco rectal ...o Ringer Lactato o bien ambas intervenciones para valorar si existe una disminución en el número de PPCPRE.
Estudio de cohortes mixto con 1.896 pacientes desde 2009 hasta 2018. Hasta junio de 2012 sin tratamiento (grupo i). Posteriormente 100mg de diclofenaco rectal (grupo ii). Desde 2016 Ringer Lactato 200ml/h durante el procedimiento y 4h después del mismo, además 500ml en 30min cuando se canuló el páncreas (grupo iii). Desde 2017 Ringer Lactato más diclofenaco (grupo iv). Hubo 725 pacientes en el grupo i, 530, 227 y 414 pacientes en grupos ii,iii y iv. Se han recogido factores predisponentes a PPCPRE y los casos de PPCPRE que fue definida por criterios de consenso.
Hubo 65 PPCPRE (3,4%); 2,9; 3,4; 3,1 y 4,3% en los grupos i, ii,iii y iv respectivamente (p=0,640). En el grupo i hubo un 4,2% de PPCPRE en papilas naïve y un 4; 4,9% y 6,3% en los grupos ii,iii y iv respectivamente (p=0,585). La gravedad de PPCPRE y los efectos adversos fueron similares en los grupos. El 38,4% eran pacientes de alto riesgo. Tampoco hubo diferencias de PPCPRE en este grupo (p=0,501).
En este trabajo no se ha obtenido beneficio con diclofenaco más hidratación en la disminución del número y gravedad de la PPCPRE. Tampoco con las otras medidas profilácticas.
Different measures are recommended to reduce pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We conducted a study in patients with ERCP treated with rectal diclofenac or lactated Ringer's solution, or both interventions, to assess whether there is a decrease in the number of cases of post-ERCP pancreatitis.
A mixed cohort study involving 1,896 patients from 2009 to 2018. Up to June 2012 without treatment (Group I). Subsequently, 100mg of rectal diclofenac (Group II). Since 2016, lactated Ringer's solution 200ml/hour during the procedure and 4hours after it, in addition to 500ml over 30minutes when the pancreas was cannulated (Group III). Since 2017, lactated Ringer's solution plus Diclofenac (Group IV). There were 725 patients in group I, and 530, 227 and 414 patients in groups II, III and IV, respectively. Factors predisposing to post-ERCP pancreatitis and post-ERCP pancreatitis cases that were defined by consensus criteria have been collected.
There were 65 cases of post-ERCP pancreatitis (3.4%); 2.9%, 3.4%, 3.1% and 4.3% in groups I, II, III and IV, respectively (P=.640). In group I, there was 4.2% of post-ERCP pancreatitis in naïve papillae and 4%, 4.9% and 6.3% in groups II, III and IV, respectively (P=.585). The severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis and adverse effects were similar in all groups. 38.4% were high-risk patients. There were also no differences in post-ERCP pancreatitis in this group (P=.501).
In this work, no benefit was obtained with diclofenac plus hydration in reducing the number and severity of cases of post-ERCP pancreatitis nor with the other prophylactic measures.
In college students, higher risk alcohol consumption (drunkenness and binge drinking-BD) has negative consequences on their development and and probably facilitates risk sexual behaviors. The ...objective was to study if risky sexual behaviors when consuming alcohol (RSBA) are associated with higher risk consumption.
Cross-sectional multicenter study with UniHcos Project, 1
year university students from 11 universities in Spain, academic years 2011-2012 to 2017-2018 data. This data were collected by self-administered questionnaire. A uni and bivariate analysis was performed, evaluated the statistical significance of the differences in prevalence with chi-square. Mean and standard deviation were used for quantitative variables and Student's t test statistic was used.
9,862 subjects (72.2% women). 90.3% reported having consumed alcohol and 60.9% had drunk the last year, 49% BD in last month. It was deteded in men, significantly higher consumption in the last month and drunkenness. Last month consumption and drunkenness were significantly higher in men and in <21 years. The RSBA were significantly higher among who were drunk (15.7% unprotected sex, 1.9% sexual abuse and 0.7% taking sexual advantage) and had BD (17.1%, 1.9% and 0.7 %). Women with both risk consumptions had more sexual abuse (2.2%), and men had greater behaviors of taking sexual advantage of someone (drunk: 1.2%; BD: 1.3%).
Alcohol consumption was above similar groups. BD consumption was similar by gender and age. Risk sexual behaviors appear mainly in problematic consumption. Gender differences are not detected in alcohol consumers in unprotected sex but deteded in the rest.
The systemic effects of physical activity are mediated by the release of IL-6 and other myokines from contracting muscle. Although the release of IL-6 from muscle has been extensively studied, the ...information on the cellular mechanisms is fragmentary and scarce, especially regarding the role of Ca2+ signals. The aim of this study was to characterize the role of the main components of Ca2+ signals in human skeletal muscle cells during IL-6 secretion stimulated by the Ca2+ mobilizing agonist ATP. Primary cultures were prepared from surgical samples, fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate the Ca2+ signals and the stimulated release of IL-6 into the medium was determined using ELISA. Intracellular calcium chelator Bapta, low extracellular calcium and the Ca2+ channels blocker La3+ reduced the ATP-stimulated, but not the basal secretion. Secretion was inhibited by blockers of L-type (nifedipine, verapamil), T-type (NNC55-0396) and Orai1 (Synta66) Ca2+ channels and by silencing Orai1 expression. The same effect was achieved with inhibitors of ryanodine receptors (ryanodine, dantrolene) and IP3 receptors (xestospongin C, 2-APB, caffeine). Inhibitors of calmodulin (calmidazolium) and calcineurin (FK506) also decreased secretion. IL-6 transcription in response to ATP was not affected by Bapta or by the T channel blocker. Our results prove that ATP-stimulated IL-6 secretion is mediated at the post-transcriptional level by Ca2+ signals, including the mobilization of calcium stores, the activation of store-operated Ca2+ entry, and the subsequent activation of voltage-operated Ca2+ channels and calmodulin/calcineurin pathways.
The aim of this paper is to make a descriptive analysis of Problematic Internet Use in college students, evaluating the possible association with health problems and addictive behaviors, as well as ...gender differences in user types. A total of 2,780 students participated in the study between 2011 and 2014, 29% of them being males (age 20.8 5.1 years) and 71% females (age 20.3 4.4 years). The prevalence of Problematic Internet Use (PIU) assessed by the Internet Addiction Test was 6.08%. Being under 21 years of age and studying for degrees in subjects other than the health sciences were associated factors with a higher frequency of this problem, no differences by gender or type of address were found. The results show a signicant association with some health problems (migraines, back pain, excess weight or obesity, insufcient rest), psychological aspects (risk of eating disorders, risk of mental disorder, depression), family problems and discrimination; with no associations with substance use (alcohol, cannabis or tobacco) being found. Concerning the time of Internet use, weekly hours were signicantly higher in women than in men, both the total time as for leisure. The analysis of the prole use in problematic users revealed that males are related to aspects of entertainment such as games or shopping online and females are related to aspects of socialization, such as chats and social networks.
Different measures are recommended to reduce pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We conducted a study in patients with ERCP treated with rectal diclofenac or ...lactated Ringer’s solution, or both interventions, to assess whether there is a decrease in the number of cases of post-ERCP pancreatitis.
A mixed cohort study involving 1896 patients from 2009 to 2018. Up to June 2012 without treatment (Group I). Subsequently, 100 mg of rectal diclofenac (Group II). Since 2016, lactated Ringer’s solution 200 ml/h during the procedure and 4 h after it, in addition to 500 ml over 30 min when the pancreas was cannulated (Group III). Since 2017, lactated Ringer’s solution plus Diclofenac (Group IV). There were 725 patients in group I, and 530, 227 and 414 patients in groups II, III and IV, respectively. Factors predisposing to post-ERCP pancreatitis and post-ERCP pancreatitis cases that were defined by consensus criteria have been collected.
There were 65 cases of post-ERCP pancreatitis (3.4%); 2.9%, 3.4%, 3.1% and 4.3% in groups I, II, III and IV, respectively (p = .640). In group I, there was 4.2% of post-ERCP pancreatitis in naïve papillae and 4%, 4.9% and 6.3% in groups II, III and IV, respectively (p = .585). The severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis and adverse effects were similar in all groups. 38.4% were high-risk patients. There were also no differences in post-ERCP pancreatitis in this group (p = .501).
In this work, no benefit was obtained with diclofenac plus hydration in reducing the number and severity of cases of post-ERCP pancreatitis nor with the other prophylactic measures.
Se aconsejan diferentes medidas para disminuir la pancreatitis post-colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (PPCPRE). Efectuamos un estudio en pacientes con CPRE tratados con Diclofenaco rectal o Ringer Lactato o bien ambas intervenciones para valorar si existe una disminución en el número de PPCPRE.
Estudio de cohortes mixto con 1.896 pacientes desde 2009 hasta 2018. Hasta junio de 2012 sin tratamiento (grupo I). Posteriormente 100 mg de diclofenaco rectal (grupo II). Desde 2016 Ringer Lactato 200 ml/h durante el procedimiento y 4 h después del mismo, además 500 ml en 30 min cuando se canuló el páncreas (grupo III). Desde 2017 Ringer Lactato más diclofenaco (grupo IV). Hubo 725 pacientes en el grupo i, 530, 227 y 414 pacientes en grupos II, III y IV. Se han recogido factores predisponentes a PPCPRE y los casos de PPCPRE que fue definida por criterios de consenso.
Hubo 65 PPCPRE (3,4%); 2,9; 3,4; 3,1 y 4,3% en los grupos I, II, III y IV respectivamente (p = 0,640). En el grupo I hubo un 4,2% de PPCPRE en papilas naïve y un 4; 4,9% y 6,3% en los grupos II, III y IV respectivamente (p = 0,585). La gravedad de PPCPRE y los efectos adversos fueron similares en los grupos. El 38,4% eran pacientes de alto riesgo. Tampoco hubo diferencias de PPCPRE en este grupo (p = 0,501).
En este trabajo no se ha obtenido beneficio con diclofenaco más hidratación en la disminución del número y gravedad de la PPCPRE. Tampoco con las otras medidas profilácticas.
Background: Discrimination during vital
moments, such as the university period, can generate a
high impact on people’s behavior and health. The aim
of this study was to analyze the possible ...association of
discrimination with perceived health and with different
risk behaviors, as well as to describe gender differences
in Spanish university students. Discrimination during
vital moments, such as college, can have a high impact
on people’s behavior and health.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried
out with data from first-year university students from
11 Spanish universities (n=9,862). Discrimination,
perceived health, alcohol consumption, smoking,
consumption of illegal substances, leisure time
connected to the Internet, risky sexual relations,
family function, risk of mental health problems and
risk of eating disorders were assessed. Prevalences
with their 95% confidence intervals were obtained
and for quantitative variables the mean and standard
deviation were calculated. Odds ratios with 95%
confidence intervals were calculated to determine
the relationship between discrimination and the other
variables.
Results: An association was found between
discrimination and fair or poor perceived health (OR:
1.7; p=0.0001), consumption of illegal substances
(OR: 1.3; p=0.002), problematic internet use (OR: 1.3;
p=0.004), family dysfunction (OR: 1.8; p=0.0001),
risk of mental health problems (OR: 1.9; p=0.0001)
and eating disorders (OR: 1.5; p=0.0001). Regarding
gender differences, higher prevalence of discrimination
was observed in men with health status perceived as fair
or worse (OR: 2.2; p=0.0001), family dysfunction (OR:
1.8; p=0.0001), risk of mental health problems (OR:
2.2; p=0.0001) and eating disorders (OR: 1.9; p=0.002).
Women, apart from the previous variables, presented
association of discrimination with consumption of
illegal substances (OR: 1.3; p=0.005) and problematic
internet use (OR: 1.4; p=0.002).
Conclusions: The study findings underline that
there is an association between discrimination and
risk behaviors among Spanish university students.
In turn, discrimination was associated with poor or
fair perceived health, this relationship being similar
in both men and women.
Fundamentos: La discriminación durante los
momentos vitales, como el periodo universitario,
puede generar un alto impacto en la conducta y
en el estado de salud de las personas. El estudio
tuvo como objetivo analizar la posible asociación
de la discriminación con la salud percibida y con
distintas conductas de riesgo, así como describir las
diferencias de género en estudiantes universitarios
españoles.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal
con datos de estudiantes universitarios de primera
matrícula de primer curso de 11 universidades
españolas (n=9.862). Se valoró la discriminación,
la salud percibida, el consumo de alcohol, el hábito
tabáquico, el consumo de sustancias ilegales, el
tiempo de ocio conectado a internet, la práctica de
relaciones sexuales de riesgo, la función familiar, el
riesgo de problemas de salud mental y el riesgo de
trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Se obtuvieron
las prevalencias con sus intervalos de confianza al
95% y para las variables cuantitativas la media y
desviación estándar. Se calcularon las Odds Ratio con
los intervalos de confianza al 95% para conocer la
relación entre la discriminación y las otras variables.
Resultados: Se encontró asociación entre la
discriminación y una regular o mala salud percibida
(OR: 1,7; p=0,0001), el consumo de sustancias
ilegales (OR: 1,3; p=0,002), el uso problemático de
internet (OR: 1,3; p=0,004), la disfunción familiar
(OR: 1,8; p=0,0001), el riesgo de problemas de
salud mental (OR: 1,9; p=0,0001) y de trastornos
de la conducta alimentaria (OR: 1,5; p=0,0001). En
cuanto a las diferencias de género, se apreciaron
mayores prevalencias de discriminación en hombres
con estado de salud percibida como regular o peor
(OR: 2,2; p=0,0001), disfunción familiar (OR: 1,8;
p=0,0001), riesgo de problemas de salud mental
(OR: 2,2; p=0,0001) y de trastornos de la conducta
alimentaria (OR: 1,9; p=0,002). Las mujeres, además
de las variables anteriores, mostraron asociación de la
discriminación con el consumo de sustancias ilegales
(OR: 1,3; p=0,005) y el uso problemático de internet
(OR: 1,4; p=0,002).
Conclusiones: Los hallazgos del estudio subrayan
que existe asociación entre la discriminación y las
conductas de riesgo de los estudiantes universitarios
españoles. A su vez, la discriminación se asoció
con una mala o regular salud percibida, siendo esta
relación similar tanto en hombres como en mujeres.
PDF
