Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne virus causing Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF), a disease reported to have a high fatality rate in numerous countries. The virus ...is geographically widespread due to its vector, and numerous wild and domestic animals can develop asymptomatic infection. Serological and limited molecular evidence of CCHFV has previously been reported in
(the dromedary, or one-humped camel) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In this study, 238 camel samples were screened for CCHFV RNA where 16 camel samples were positive for CCHFV by RT-PCR. Analysis of full-length CCHFV genome sequences revealed a novel lineage in camels from the UAE, and potential reassortment of the M segment of the genome.
Camelpox is a viral contagious disease of Old-World camelids sustained by
(CMLV). The disease is characterized by mild, local skin or severe systemic infections and may have a major economic impact ...due to significant losses in terms of morbidity and mortality, weight loss, and low milk yield. Prevention of camelpox is performed by vaccination. In this study, we investigated the composition of a CMLV-based, live-attenuated commercial vaccine using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The results of this analysis revealed genomic sequences of Modified
Ankara (MVA).
Laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs) and accidental pathogen escape from laboratory settings (APELS) are major concerns for the community. A risk-based approach for pathogen research management ...within a standard biosafety management framework is recommended but is challenging due to reasons such as inconsistency in risk tolerance and perception. Here, we performed a scoping review using publicly available, peer-reviewed journal and media reports of LAIs and instances of APELS between 2000 and 2021. We identified LAIs in 309 individuals in 94 reports for 51 pathogens. Eight fatalities (2·6% of all LAIs) were caused by infection with Neisseria meningitidis (n=3, 37·5%), Yersinia pestis (n=2, 25%), Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S Typhimurium; n=1, 12·5%), or Ebola virus (n=1, 12·5%) or were due to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (n=1, 12·5%). The top five LAI pathogens were S Typhimurium (n=154, 49·8%), Salmonella enteritidis (n=21, 6·8%), vaccinia virus (n=13, 4·2%), Brucella spp (n=12, 3·9%), and Brucella melitensis (n=11, 3·6%). 16 APELS were reported, including those for Bacillus anthracis, SARS-CoV, and poliovirus (n=3 each, 18·8%); Brucella spp and foot and mouth disease virus (n=2 each, 12·5%); and variola virus, Burkholderia pseudomallei, and influenza virus H5N1 (n=1 each, 6·3%). Continual improvement in LAI and APELS management via their root cause analysis and thorough investigation of such incidents is essential to prevent future occurrences. The results are biased due to the reliance on publicly available information, which emphasises the need for formalised global LAIs and APELS reporting to better understand the frequency of and circumstances surrounding these incidents.
Serological tests may represent an essential tool for the diagnosis of camel brucellosis; however, concerns arise in the scientific community regarding the direct transposition from cattle and small ...ruminants without adequate validation. The present study was made to compare four serological tests for the diagnosis of brucellosis in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). In terms of sensitivity, our results show that the Immunochromatographic Test (ICT) shows the higher value of sensitivity, 98.67% (95% Confidence Level (C.L): 94.36%-99.99%), followed by the Fluorescence Polarization Assay (FPA) with 95.05% (95% C.L: 88.23%-99.51%), then the Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (c-ELISA) with 94.94% (95% C.L: 88.25%-99.45%) and, finally, the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) with 68.95% (95% C.L: 56.55%-80.69%), which is the only test showing a significantly lower sensitivity compared to the others. On the other hand, our study revealed no significant difference in terms of specificity between all the tests under study, with a range from 99.06% (95% C.L: 98.34%-99.64%) for the ICT to 99.92% (95% C.L: 99.64%-100%) for the RBT. The ICT was found to be comparable in terms of sensitivity and specificity with the most commonly used tests for camel brucellosis. The results of the present study are of paramount importance for designing surveillance and control measures for brucellosis in camel populations.
Following a proposal made by the French and German Ministers for Foreign Affairs at the November 2020 Paris Peace Forum, 4 global partners, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World ...Organization for Animal Health (OIE), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and the World Health Organization (WHO), in May 2021 established the interdisciplinary One Health High-Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP) (https://www.who.int/groups/one-health-high-level-expert-panel) to enhance their cross-sectoral collaboration. There is no shortage of “One Health” definitions in the published literature and among institutions and organizations. ...an immediate priority for OHHLEP was to develop consensus around a working definition as a solid basis to support a common understanding among the panel members and the partner organizations. Key underlying principles including 1. equity between sectors and disciplines; 2. sociopolitical and multicultural parity (the doctrine that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities) and inclusion and engagement of communities and marginalized voices; 3. socioecological equilibrium that seeks a harmonious balance between human–animal–environment interaction and acknowledging the importance of biodiversity, access to sufficient natural space and resources, and the intrinsic value of all living things within the ecosystem; 4. stewardship and the responsibility of humans to change behavior and adopt sustainable solutions that recognize the importance of animal welfare and the integrity of the whole ecosystem, thus securing the well-being of current and future generations; and 5. transdisciplinarity and multisectoral collaboration, which includes all relevant disciplines, both modern and traditional forms of knowledge and a broad representative array of perspectives. PLoS Pathog 18(6): e1010537. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010537 About the Authors: One Health High-Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP) Wiku B. Adisasmito Affiliation: Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia Salama Almuhairi Affiliation: National Emergency Crisis and Disasters Management Authority, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Casey Barton Behravesh Affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America Pépé Bilivogui Affiliation: World Health Organization, Guinea Country Office, Conakry, Guinea Salome A. Bukachi Affiliation: Institute of Anthropology, Gender and African Studies, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya Natalia Casas Affiliation: National Ministry of Health, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina Natalia Cediel Becerra Affiliation: School of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá, Colombia Dominique F. Charron Affiliation: International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada Abhishek Chaudhary Affiliation: Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur, India Janice R. Ciacci Zanella Affiliation: Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Swine and Poultry, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil Andrew A. Cunningham Affiliation: Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom Osman Dar Affiliations Global Operations Division, United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom, Global Health Programme, Chatham House, Royal Institute of International Affairs, London, United Kingdom Nitish Debnath Affiliation: Fleming Fund Country Grant to Bangladesh, DAI Global, Dhaka, Bangladesh Baptiste Dungu Affiliations Afrivet B M, Pretoria, South Africa, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic Congo Elmoubasher Farag Affiliation: Ministry of Public Health, Health Protection & Communicable Diseases Division, Doha, Qatar George F. Gao Affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China David T. S. Hayman Affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand Margaret Khaitsa Affiliation: Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi,
Developing One Health surveillance systems Hayman, David T.S.; Adisasmito, Wiku B.; Almuhairi, Salama ...
One health,
December 2023, 2023-Dec, 2023-12-00, 20231201, 2023-12-01, Letnik:
17
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The health of humans, domestic and wild animals, plants, and the environment are inter-dependent. Global anthropogenic change is a key driver of disease emergence and spread and leads to biodiversity ...loss and ecosystem function degradation, which are themselves drivers of disease emergence. Pathogen spill-over events and subsequent disease outbreaks, including pandemics, in humans, animals and plants may arise when factors driving disease emergence and spread converge. One Health is an integrated approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize human, animal and ecosystem health. Conventional disease surveillance has been siloed by sectors, with separate systems addressing the health of humans, domestic animals, cultivated plants, wildlife and the environment. One Health surveillance should include integrated surveillance for known and unknown pathogens, but combined with this more traditional disease-based surveillance, it also must include surveillance of drivers of disease emergence to improve prevention and mitigation of spill-over events. Here, we outline such an approach, including the characteristics and components required to overcome barriers and to optimize an integrated One Health surveillance system.
One Health action for health security and equity Adisasmito, Wiku B; Almuhairi, Salama; Barton Behravesh, Casey ...
The Lancet (British edition),
02/2023, Letnik:
401, Številka:
10376
Journal Article
Abstract The global demand from multi-sectoral partners for operational tools for One Health implementation and capacity building is increasing, yet a validated global inventory of One Health tools ...did not exist. Here, we map and analyze available One Health tools and assess their suitability to support One Health implementation, including the One Health Joint Plan of Action 2022–2026 (OH JPA). Our objectives were to identify (i) publicly available One Health tools to support capacity building and OH JPA implementation; (ii) optimal outcomes for countries/regions using available One Health tools; (iii) linkages to OH JPA Action Tracks and pathways in the One Health Theory of Change (TOC); and (iv) gaps and priorities for the development of additional One Health tools. One Health High Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP) members compiled information on One Health tools that were publicly available and released up to June 30, 2023, via online sources and partner networks including the Quadripartite organizations. Inclusion criteria addressed One Health relevance, use at the national, subnational, or regional level in ≥5 locations, and publicly available information. Tools were assessed for applicability by OH JPA action track, TOC pathway, scope, and intended outcomes, as well as the extent to which tools addressed gender equality, social inclusion, and environmental dimensions of One Health. Of 132 candidate tools, 50 (38%) met the inclusion criteria. These tools addressed all six OH JPA Action Tracks, but relatively fewer tools addressed Action Tracks 4 (Food Safety), 5 (Antimicrobial Resistance), and 6 (Environmental Integration). Tools were available to support all three TOC outcome pathways, and many addressed more than one Action Track and TOC outcome pathway. Most available One Health tools addressed assessment and to a lesser extent implementation, with fewer tools available for action planning, prioritization, and monitoring. Gaps and opportunities for improving One Health tools were identified, including the integration of the environment dimension, gender equality, and social inclusion. Ultimately, our findings will contribute to further the advancement of One Health globally, including via OH JPA implementation, while spurring adjustments to existing One Health tools and the development of new ones to address key gaps. One Health impact statement The One Health approach is gaining momentum globally, and this study represents the first integrated mapping and analysis of globally available One Health tools. Our findings aim to improve the quality, applicability, and availability of tools to support One Health implementation at the subnational, national, regional, and global levels, including through the Quadripartite’s One Health Joint Plan of Action. By using the OHHLEP definition of One Health to assess available One Health tools and map them onto the One Health Joint Plan of Action, we identify the need for a systematic approach and enhanced integration across dimensions of One Health to lead to sustainable One Health systems.
PDF
