To evaluate the quality of bread wheat produced in farmers' areas around the country, from each 10,000 metric tons of wheat delivered to collection stations or commercial silos, a 3kg sample was ...taken as per standard sampling method. Each 3 kg sample was divided into 3 samples of 1 kg each. 34 1 sample was locally kept as control at the place of origin and the other two samples were dispatched to Cereal Chemistry and Technology Unit, Cereal Research Department at SPII in Karaj. At the laboratory, one sample was used for laboratory analyses and the other one was kept as control. Wheat quality analyses for 1000 KW, hectoliter weight, moisture content, protein content, protein quality, wet gluten, dry gluten, gluten index, falling number, water absorption and grain hardness were performed according to ICC standard analysis methods. The results indicated that form the total 11.8 million metric tons of wheat purchased in 31 provinces around the country, 69.68% of the samples were highquality, 27.96% were average and 2.35% considered as low quality wheat. In comparison to the previous years in last decade, which the ratio of high quality wheat never exceeded than 25%, this result is indicating a unique rare agronomical event which can be caused by the good climatic conditions , good adaptability of new wheat varieties and good fields managements.
Neurological diseases are becoming a significant problem worldwide, with the elderly at a higher risk of being affected. Several researchers have investigated the neuroprotective effects of Carvacrol ...(CAR) (5-isopropyl-2-methyl phenol). This review systematically surveys the existing literature on the impact of CAR when used as a neuroprotective agent in neurological diseases.
The systematic review involved English articles published in the last ten years obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. The following descriptors were used to search the literature: "Carvacrol" Title AND "neuroprotective (neuroprotection)" Title OR "stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, seizure, epilepsy Title.
A total of 208 articles were retrieved during the search process, but only 20 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included for review. A total of 20 articles were identified, in which the efficacy of CAR was described in experimental models of stroke, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and seizure, through motor deficits improvements in neurochemical activity, especially antioxidant systems, reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis as well as inhibition of TRPC1 and TRPM7.
The data presented in this study support the beneficial impact of CAR on behavioural and neurochemical deficits. CAR benefits accrue because of its anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti- inflammatory properties. Therefore, CAR has emerged as an alternative treatment for neurological disorders based on its properties.
Background: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CH) is a well-known cause of the persistent neonatal hypoglycemic state that may lead to irreversible neurological damage. While medical therapy can improve ...the condition in some cases, refractory cases require further investigation to identify focal or diffuse pancreatic lesions. Surgery is the main treatment for refractory cases and can improve the neurological and glycemic status of patients. The study aimed to evaluate the short-term outcomes of surgical intervention in cases of CH who underwent surgical treatment. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted to review cases of CH that underwent surgery between 2018 and 2020. Focal cases were treated with simple enucleation or distal pancreatectomy, while diffuse cases underwent near-total pancreatectomy. The glycemic and neurological states of the patients were evaluated and the results were analyzed. Results: Among the 56 neonates who underwent pancreatic surgery, 48 (85%) had diffuse disease, and the remaining cases suffered from focal lesions. All focal cases achieved normoglycemia, while 24 (50%) of the diffuse cases achieved normal glycemic levels (P≤0.003). Additionally, the incidence of irreversible neurological deficits was higher in the diffuse group (P=0.029). Conclusion: The focal form of CH seems to be totally curative by surgical operations. However, the proper management of diffuse form is still demanding. Although in our study, we had an acceptable success rate in the short-term, lifelong euglycemia may not be obtainable in these patients.
The objective of this study was to evaluate effect of corn silk against gentamicin (GM)-induced nephrotoxicity. Sixty Wistar rats were divided into ten equal groups as follow: (1) control group, 0.1 ...ml/kg given intraperitoneally (i.p.) per day of isotonic saline. (2) GM group, 100 mg/kg i.p. per day of GM. (3) corn silk groups (3-6), 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg/kg, i.p. (4) Corn silk + GM groups (7-10), corn silk extract was injected the same as corn silk groups and after1 h, 100 mg/kg GM was injected i.p. to rats. All animals were treated for 8 days. Plasma creatinine and urea levels significantly increased in GM group. Corn silk administration (200 and 300 mg/kg) with GM injection significantly decreased serum creatinine, but not urea, levels compared with GM group. Acute tubular necrosis (ATN), hyaline casts in tubular lumen, interstitial nephritis, and glomerular changes were histopathologically detected in the GM group. Co-treatment of corn silk with GM considerably decreased the interstitial nephritis, but not ATN and hyaline casts formation, compared with the GM group. Also, high dose of corn silk caused hyaline cast formation, apoptosis, congestion, and swelling of renal tubules. In conclusion, the results showed that corn silk may ameliorate nephropathy during prolonged therapeutic use of GM and related aminoglycosides.
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