In the existing studies devoted to predicting bankruptcy, the authors of such models only used book measures. Considering the fact that the evolution of corporate measure efficiency (in addition to ...book measures) brought into existence and exposed the importance of cash measures, market measures, and measures based on the economic profit concept, it is justified to carry out research into the possibility of using these measures as variables within the discriminant function. The studied dataset was divided into a training set and a testing set based on two variants of the sample division. The assessment of the statistical significance of the built discriminant functions as well as the diagnostic variables was conducted using the STATISTICA package. The research was conducted separately for each variant. In the first step, a total of 30 discriminant models were created. This enabled us to select 20 diagnostic variables that were considered within the two models that were characterised by the highest predictive abilities - one for each variant. The discriminant function that was estimated for the first variant was based on the use of eight diagnostic variables, and 13 diagnostic variables were used in the function that was estimated for the second variant. The conducted analysis has proven that shareholder value measures are a useful tool that can be applied for the needs of corporate risk management in the area of the assessment of a firm's bankruptcy risk. Using two variants of the division of the research sample into the training and testing sets, it turned out that the division affects the predictive efficiency of the discriminant functions. At the same time, the obtained findings tend to claim that the presence of the value measures from all four of the studied groups in the output set of the diagnostic variables is necessary for possibly building the most efficient tool for the early warning signs of bankruptcy risk.
A study of the efficiency of the energy companies that are listed on the Polish capital market, which will be the object of the analysis in this paper, is focused on assessing the degree of ...accomplishment of their basic financial objectives, namely, the maximization of their market values. The main research methods that are used in the article are methods for analyzing and evaluating the literature (in order to present the current scientific achievements in the field under study) and descriptive statistics and mathematical statistical methods for analyzing the interdependence of the phenomena (used to characterize and compare the analyzed energy-sector companies, as well as to quantify the determinants of the value-creation efficiency of these companies). This article is focused on the conditions and problems that are related to the decision-making processes that are aimed at increasing efficiency in the area of building enterprise-value. These require the use of tools for efficiency measurement that enable management to quantify and assess changes in an enterprise’s market value and the efficiency of its creation. Within the conducted research, it has also been proven that this is the market perspective that is of key significance from the point of view of the criteria of making financial management decisions. The market perspective reflects the expectations of the majority of company stakeholders, to the fullest. The study showed that the allocation of capital in the listed energy companies during the period of 2014–2020 was subject to a relatively high risk of losing the economic value of the invested capital. In terms of asset value, dividing the studied group of companies into portfolios of two groups of companies additionally showed that the volatility of the market and equity returns for the smaller companies was higher than it was for the larger companies.
To assess the effects of l-dopa and deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (DBS-STN) on saccadic eye movements in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).
Visually and internally guided ...horizontal saccades were evaluated using a saccadometer in 64 patients with advanced PD and 48 healthy controls. Forty-four pharmacologically treated patients were assessed in their “med-off” (OFF) and “med-on” (ON) status, whereas 20 DBS-STN treated patients were assessed in their “med-off, stim-off” (OFF) and “med-off, stim-on” (ON) status.
In all PD patients the saccades in the OFF status were delayed, slower and smaller (p<0.01) than in controls. In pharmacologically treated patients all studied parameters showed tendency to worsen in the ON status as compared to the OFF status. In contrast, activating DBS-STN showed tendency to improve all studied parameters. Comparison of the studied saccade parameters between the ON status of DBS-STN treated patients, ON status of the pharmacologically treated patients and the controls showed that 73% of these parameters in the DBS-STN treated patients were similar as in the controls. While in the pharmacologically treated patients only 26% of these parameters were similar as in the controls.
This prospective study comparing the influence of l-dopa and DBS-STN on saccades in advanced PD showed contrasting results between these two treatments; the majority of the studied parameters in patients on DBS-STN were similar as in the controls.
Switch (SWI)/Sucrose Nonfermenting (SNF)-type chromatin-remodeling complexes (CRCs) are involved in regulation of transcription, DNA replication and repair, and cell cycle. Mutations of conserved ...subunits of plant CRCs severely impair growth and development; however, the underlying causes of these phenotypes are largely unknown. Here, we show that inactivation of SWI3C, the core component of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) SWI/SNF CRCs, interferes with normal functioning of several plant hormone pathways and alters transcriptional regulation of key genes of gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis. The resulting reduction of GA
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causes severe inhibition of hypocotyl and root elongation, which can be rescued by exogenous GA treatment. In addition, the swi3c mutation inhibits DELLA-dependent transcriptional activation of GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) GA receptor genes. Down-regulation of GID1a in parallel with the DELLA repressor gene REPRESSOR OF GA1-3 1 in swi3c indicates that lack of SWI3C also leads to defects in GA signaling. Together with the recent demonstration of function of SWI/SNF ATPase BRAHMA in the GA pathway, these results reveal a critical role of SWI/SNF CRC in the regulation of GA biosynthesis and signaling. Moreover, we demonstrate that SWI3C is capable of in vitro binding to, and shows in vivo bimolecular fluorescence complementation interaction in cell nuclei with, the DELLA proteins RGA-LIKE2 and RGA-LIKE3, which affect transcriptional activation of GID1 and GA3ox (GIBBERELLIN 3-OXIDASE) genes controlling GA perception and biosynthesis, respectively. Furthermore, we show that SWI3C also interacts with the O-GlcNAc (O-linked N-acetylglucosamine) transferase SPINDLY required for proper functioning of DELLAs and acts hypostatically to (SPINDLY) in the GA response pathway. These findings suggest that DELLA-mediated effects in GA signaling as well as their role as a hub in hormonal cross talk may be, at least in part, dependent on their direct physical interaction with complexes responsible for modulation of chromatin structure.
Purpose – The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the analytical usefulness of indexed value measures by measurement and evaluation of the efficiency of enterprises value creation with the ...application of selected external analytical tools.
Design/Methodology/approach – The paper is based on an analysis of the literature and the use of financial analysis tools in the form of efficiency measures in relation to the selected companies of the construction sector in Poland.
Findings – The analysis confirmed that external indexed value measures provide periodic information regarding effects of the enterprise value creation and thus enriching the analysis of its value.
Originality/value – The study should be regarded as a starting point for further in-depth analysis of the conditions and the effectiveness of the practical use of indexed measures, including measures based on the concept of economic profit.
Purpose – The purpose of this article is to analyze the usefulness of economic profit in explaining the changes in the enterprise market value assuming the use of different methods of estimating the ...cost of equity, by examining the relationships and quality of the fit between the forming of the internal value measures and the change of shareholders rates of return.
Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on an analysis of the literature and the use of financial and statistical analysis tools in the form of efficiency measures, estimating methods the cost of equity and statistical measures, in relation to the selected companies of the construction sector in Poland.
Findings – The analysis confirmed the existence of a relationship and quality of the fit between methods of estimating the cost of equity and usefulness of economic profit in explaining the changes in the enterprise market valuation.
Originality/value – The study should be regarded as a starting point for further in-depth analysis of the conditions and the effectiveness of the practical use of measures based on the concept of economic profit.
We present the patient with Holmes tremor secondary to the infarction of thalamus, successfully treated with the deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the area between ventralis oralis anterior and zona ...incerta for a long time, in whom the severe tremor reappeared after removal of the DBS lead. This is the first presentation of the effective DBS on this location. Our case does not support the hypothesis that the DBS treatment could lead to sustained relief of symptoms after cessation of stimulation.
Tremor in neuropathies of different origin Wasielewska, Anna; Rudzińska, Monika; Tomaszewski, Tomasz ...
Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska,
11/2013, Letnik:
47, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Tremor accompanies some polyneuropathies, but its prevalence and its clinical and electrophysiological manifestations are not well known. The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence and ...characteristics of hand tremor in patients with polyneuropathy of different origins, as well as relations between the occurrence of tremors and clinical and neurographic findings of polyneuropathy.
Eighty-nine patients diagnosed with polyneuropathy of known aetiology, and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included in the study. All subjects were interviewed regarding the occurrence of tremor. Tremor was assessed clinically and objectively using a triaxial accelerometer and electromyographic (EMG) recordings. A load test with a weight of 500 g was performed in order to differentiate between enhanced physiological tremor (EPT) and essential tremor-like (ET-L) tremor.
Tremor was found in 59.5% of patients in clinical assessment and in 74% of patients in objective evaluation, significantly more often than in controls (12%). Tremor was detected in all types of polyneuropathy apart from paraproteinaemic IgM polyneuropathy. Tremor was postural (70%), but resting (51%) or kinetic (32%) tremor was also present. In the majority of cases, the severity of the tremor was mild. Essential tremor-like tremor prevailed in the study group. The occurrence of hand tremor was not related to the axonal or demyelinating type of polyneuropathy, nor to the conduction velocity or other electrophysiological findings of the investigated upper limb nerves.
Tremor accompanies 60–70% of patients with polyneuropathy; it is mostly postural, ET-L type with mild severity, and unrelated to other typical clinical and electrophysiological findings of neuropathy.
Drżenie towarzyszy niektórym neuropatiom obwodowym, ale jego rozpowszechnienie i charakterystyka jest słabo poznana. Celem pracy było określenie częstości występowania i charakterystyki drżenia kończyn górnych w polineuropatiach o różnej etiologii oraz zbadanie zależności między występowaniem drżenia a klinicznymi i elektrofizjologicznymi cechami polineuropatii.
Do badania zakwalifikowano 89 chorych z rozpoznaniem polineuropatii o określonej etiologii i 50-osobową grupę kontrolną dobraną pod względem płci i wieku. Zebrano szczegółowy wywiad dotyczący drżenia kończyn górnych oraz wykonano kliniczną i aparaturową ocenę drżenia za pomocą akcelerometru trójosiowego i elektromiografii. Na podstawie testu obciążenia wyróżniono drżenie typu drżenia samoistnego lub o charakterze nasilonego drżenia fizjologicznego.
U chorych z polineuropatią występowanie drżenia, zarówno w ocenie klinicznej (59,5%), jak i aparaturowej (74%), stwierdzono znamiennie częściej niż w grupie kontrolnej (12%). Obecność drżenia obserwowano we wszystkich badanych neuropatiach, z wyjątkiem polineuropatii z paraproteinemią IgM. Drżenie towarzyszące polineuropatii, niezależnie od jej etiologii, było najczęściej posturalne (70%), rzadziej spoczynkowe (51%) lub kinetyczne (32%), i miało niewielkie nasilenie. We wszystkich polineuropatiach dominowało drżenie typu drżenia samoistnego. Występowanie drżenia nie zależało ani od dominacji uszkodzenia aksonalnego lub demielinizacyjnego, ani od zwolnienia szybkości przewodzenia czy innych parametrów oceny elektrofizjologicznej nerwów obwodowych kończyn górnych.
Drżenie kończyn górnych występuje u 60–70% chorych z polineuropatiami o różnej etiologii, jest najczęściej posturalne, typu drżenia samoistnego, ma niewielkie nasilenie i nie zależy od rodzaju polineuropatii ani od zwolnienia szybkości przewodzenia w nerwach.
Purpose – The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of the risk of bankruptcy on the shareholder value, by examining the relationships between values of the discriminant function and value ...creation efficiency. Design/methodology/approach – Article is based on an analysis of the literature and the use of financial analysis tools in the form of efficiency measures and discriminant models in relation to the selected companies in the energy sector in Poland. Findings – The analysis confirmed the existence of a relationship between the risk of bankruptcy and changes of the shareholder value and efficiency of its creation. Originality/value – The study should be regarded as a continuation of earlier research on determinants of the enterprise value creation and a starting point for further in-depth analysis of the impact of risk, as one of enterprise value drivers, on its value.
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