Conclusion: Energy ethics and ethical worlds Appel, Hannah
The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute,
April 2019, 2019-04-00, 20190401, Letnik:
25, Številka:
S1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
What happens when the effects of our ethical actions stretch beyond, often far beyond, first‐ and second‐person phenomena? What happens when one person's richly textured ethical world is another's ...profound violation? Energy offers a particularly useful empirical terrain on which to think through the questions posed by ethical worlds. Ethical worlds gesture both to the supra‐individual, supra‐present contexts in which we all craft quotidian ethics, and to the expansive geographies and timescapes in which the effects of our ethical practices ramify. Ethical worlds, fields, or landscapes are not bordered by first‐ or second‐person experiences, but rather they intersect and interfere with one another often at great distance, often over multiple generations, and certainly not equally. Ethical practices in more powerful fields spill out, invade, and give shape to ethical practices in other ethical fields. What does it mean to start to see and feel and analyse at these ethical crossroads? In particular, what might it mean to acknowledge that structure, power, and interest – which are too often arrayed against close ethnographic attention to individual and shared experience – are not ‘larger forces’ but other ethical worlds, equally amenable to ethnographic attention?
Abstrait
Conclusion : éthique de l’énergie et mondes éthiques
Résumé
Que se passe‐t‐il lorsque les effets de nos actions éthiques se répercutent au‐delà, souvent loin au‐delà, des phénomènes à la première ou deuxième personne ? Que se passe‐t‐il lorsque l'univers éthique si richement structuré d'une personne porte profondément atteinte à l’éthique d'une autre ? L’énergie constitue un terrain empirique particulièrement utile pour réfléchir aux questions posées par les mondes éthiques. Ceux‐ci relèvent des contextes supra‐individuels et au‐delà‐du‐présent dans lesquels nous créons notre éthique quotidienne, autant que des vastes géographies et chronologies dans lesquelles les effets de nos pratiques éthiques se ramifient. Les mondes, champs ou paysages éthiques ne se limitent pas à des expériences à la première ou à la deuxième personne. Ils se recoupent, interfèrent les uns avec les autres, souvent de très loin, sur plusieurs générations, et certainement pas de façon équilibrée. Les pratiques éthiques des domaines les plus puissants se répandent, envahissent et modèlent celles d'autres domaines éthiques. Qu'est‐ce que cela implique de commencer à voir, à ressentir, à analyser à ces croisées des chemins éthiques ? Et surtout, qu'implique la reconnaissance que la structure, le pouvoir et l'intérêt, trop souvent dressés contre l'examen ethnographique attentif des expériences individuelles et partagées, ne sont pas des « forces supérieures » mais d'autres mondes éthiques, que l'on pourrait tout aussi bien soumettre à l'attention ethnographique ?
Determination of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype and discrimination between HCV subtypes 1a and 1b is still mandatory prior to anti-HCV treatment initiation. The aim of this study was to ...evaluate the performance of the recently introduced cobas® HCV GT assay (Roche) and to compare it to two comparator assays.
The cobas® HCV GT assay is based on primer-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For comparison, the TRUGENE® HCV 5'NC Genotyping Kit (Siemens) and the VERSANT® HCV Genotype 2.0 Assay (Siemens) were employed. Accuracy of the new assay was determined using proficiency panels. For clinical evaluation, 183 residual clinical samples obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis C infection were included.
When accuracy was tested, panel members containing HCV subtypes 1a, 1b, and 3a were identified as expected; however, the new assay failed to identify low titer panel members containing HCV subtype 5a correctly. Of 183 clinical samples, 160 gave concordant results. For seven samples, an indeterminate result was reported with the cobas® HCV GT assay and the remaining 16 samples were found discordant with one of the comparator assays. When time-to-results of the assays were compared, the new assay showed shorter total time and similar hands-on time per sample.
The cobas® HCV GT assay showed a good performance and proved to be suitable for use in the routine diagnostic laboratory. Due to the high level of automation, fast and reliable results are obtained with short hands-on time.
In this communiqué the Institute on Inequality and Democracy foregrounds the work of some of their movement partners — more appropriately understood as movement teachers — organizations that are on ...the frontline of the struggle against disposability and death in Los Angeles and beyond. They demonstrate the necessity of building a new common sense about relations of property and personhood, debt and wealth, reparation and redistribution.
The Licit Life of Capitalism is both an account of a specific capitalist project—U.S. oil companies working off the shores of Equatorial Guinea—and a sweeping theorization of more general forms and ...processes that facilitate diverse capitalist projects around the world. Hannah Appel draws on extensive fieldwork with managers and rig workers, lawyers and bureaucrats, the expat wives of American oil executives and the Equatoguinean women who work in their homes, to turn conventional critiques of capitalism on their head, arguing that market practices do not merely exacerbate inequality; they are made by it. People and places differentially valued by gender, race, and colonial histories are the terrain on which the rules of capitalist economy are built. Appel shows how the corporate form and the contract, offshore rigs and economic theory are the assemblages of liberalism and race, expertise and gender, technology and domesticity that enable the licit life of capitalism—practices that are legally sanctioned, widely replicated, and ordinary, at the same time as they are messy, contested, and, arguably, indefensible.
Abstract Recent transformations in the political economy of housing—particularly the corporatisation, concentration, and financialisation of landlording—paradoxically intensify both the atomisation ...of the tenant experience and the potential for organised tenants to exercise structural power. This potential collective power, however, is not self‐actualising. Building on two years of participatory action research and one year of operational data from the California‐based Tenant Power Toolkit (TPT), we attempt to address this conjunctural possibility. We conceptualise tenants as debtors and identify new solidarities emerging from a pandemic era landscape which has left many tenants, particularly Black tenants, deeply indebted to national corporate landlords. We discuss the TPT as a piece of legal mutual aid which both responds to the immediate imperatives of combatting eviction within the existing landscape, and we argue, helps provide the basis for advancing the work of tenant organising across scales and geographies.
If the imaginative project of capitalism comes to life through processes of figuration, it is the white male figure of the banker, the trader, or the broker who lends imaginative cohesion to what we ...might otherwise consider a diverse set of practices and people scattered unevenly across landscapes. However, as both Donna Haraway and Anna Tsing have argued, attention to figuration can also expand the fields of possibility, allowing us to reimagine both pasts and futures of finance. This article thinks through finance and figuration with the Alternative Banking Group of Occupy Wall Street. Focusing on Cathy O’Neil—a former hedge fund “quant”— the article follows the significance of gender and other habitations of subjectivity for finance insiders-turned-activists. Attention to Alt Banking participants demonstrates the unpredictability of the actors and forms of expertise we have come to associate with capitalism’s contemporary center, and traces the repurposing of their expertise from the private pursuit of profit to the intersubjective pursuit of democratized finance.
PDF
