The aimed of study is analyse the differences in some anthropometric characteristics and body composition be- tween footballers of two clubs in Kosovo, FC Feronikeli and SC Gjilani. The first sample ...consisted of 21 footballers of FC Feronikeli (22.62±3.46 years), current champion, cup and super cup winner in Kosovo at the time of the mea- surement in January 2020. The second sample consisted of 24 footballers of SC Gjilani (26.38±5.62 years), who was the leader of the Superleague of Kosovo at the time of the measurement in February 2020. Anthropometric characteristics were evaluated with following variables: body height, body weight, triceps skinfold, biceps skin- fold, skinfold of the back, abdominal skinfold, upper leg skinfold and lower leg skinfold. The body composition was evaluated with following variables: body mass index, fat percentage and muscle mass. The parameters of descriptive statistics all variables were calculated. The differences between the footballers of FC Feronikeli and SC Gjilani in the following variables were determined using a t-test. It was found that the footballers of the FC Feronikeli and SC Gjilani don’t have statistically significant differences by the variables.
Elite karatekas should have specific morphological characteristics suitable for their specializations. This study aimed to determine the differences in morphological characteristics and body ...composition of elite Montenegrin karate athletes according to different specializations. This study consisted of a total of 16 male karate athletes divided according to specialization in kata (form or movement pattern) and kumite (fighting) disciplines. The subject sample included healthy, black belt karate senior athletes, with no prior injuries divided into kata (n-6, 19.83±4.71 years) and kumite (n-10, 20.4±5.21 years) athletes. Morphological characteristics and body composition were evaluated by a battery of 11 variables: body height (BH), body mass (BM), triceps skinfold (TS), biceps skinfold (BiS), back skinfold (BS), abdominal skinfold (AS), upper leg skinfold (UlS), lower leg skinfold (LlS), body mass index (BMI), fat percentage (FP), and muscle mass percentages (MP). The differences in morphological characteristics and the composition of the body between kata and kumite karatekas were determined by using a statistical procedure with a t-test for small independent samples. It was determined that the kumite had a higher body height, and body weight, as well as a higher percentage of muscle mass than kata karatekas. In other parameters concerning the distribution of subcutaneous adipose tissue, as well as the percentage of body fat, there was no difference between the groups. The results suggest that there is some difference in morphological characteristics between kata and kumite karatekas, but for more complete conclusions an analysis should be performed on a larger sample of high-level karate athletes.
Investigating of the athletes’ motivation for sports practice is necessary to encourage them to participate in sport, and continue exercising. During the Covid-19 pandemic period due to changes in ...athletes’ routines, the role of motivation to play sports could be even more important. The research aimed to determine the motivation structure for sports practice in football players with the help of factor analysis. The sample of respondents consisted of 360 professional football players (21.71±4.42 years) from the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina. A questionnaire on motivation for sports during the Covid-19 pandemic period was used, consisting of 18 items related to motivation to play sports and modified according to the Participation Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ). A five-point Likert scale was used in the questionnaire. The questionnaire was in electronic form and was sent to the football players via Google form. Factor analysis identified six dimensions: ‘Sport success’, ‘Support’, ‘Social status’, ‘Friendship’, ‘Physical health’, and ‘Sports activities’. These six dimensions explain the total manifest motivation participation space with 62.26% of the total variance. In conclusion, this study contributed to the understanding of the motivational structure of professional football players for playing sports. That is, the main motivational dimensions for engaging and committing to sports during the Covid-19 pandemic were singled out. This all points to the importance of this research and may serve future studies that will examine the motivational structure of professional athletes.
Regular physical activity (PA) is important in maintaining health and quality of life. Persons who do not regularly exercise or who adopt sedentary behaviour are prone to becoming overweight or ...obese, with significant impact on morbidity, quality of life, and physical and mental health. Positive attitudes towards exercise can facilitate the behaviours and values of a healthy lifestyle. The study aim was to investigate the association of PA level, body composition and attitudes towards exercise in university students. Body dimensions (height, weight, body mass index and fat percentage) of 300 male and 300 female students were measured and PA levels assessed. Attitudes towards exercise were assessed using a questionnaire. Female students were significantly less involved in PA than their male counterparts, with 24% of male and 63% of female students reporting that they (almost) never exercise. Most students (70%) had normal body weight, but about 20% were overweight. Participant groups (athletes, recreational, inactive, male and female students) had similar moderately positive attitudes towards exercising, which was not associated with body composition or PA level. A positive attitude was insufficient for regular participation in PA, but should be supported by education, as well as by diversified sport and recreational offerings and encouragement to engage in these activities.
There are many factors that have an influence on obesity therefore, early regular monitoring of morphological characteristics and nutritional status of children is the best prevention method. This ...study aimed to examine the influence of two regional zones in Montenegro on morphological differences and the nutritional status of school girls. The sample of respondents was selected from several different primary schools. The sample was divided by regions (Vlada Crne Gore, 2011) into two groups, girls from the Central region (n-55, 10.21±.72 years), and the Coastal region (n- 42, 10.33±.59 years). Morphological characteristics were assessed using a battery of four variables: body height (BH), body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC). BMI and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) values were calculated. We used WHO cutoff points for the assessment of the children’s nutrition status. For determining differences between children living in different regions we used a T-test for independent samples. 27.27% of girls from the Central region are obese compared to 23.81% of obese in the Coastal region. When comparing groups by regional regions, it is noticeable that there is no significant difference in morphological characteristics and body mass index. Although there is no difference in the morphological characteristics between girls of the Central and Coastal regions, for more detailed conclusions, a larger number of morphological parameters should be monitored on a larger sample of respondents.
Introduction: In this research the authors used a questionnaire of 8 questions of closed type, and 2 questions of open type. The basic aim of the research is to understand what young football players ...feel about their coach, team-mates and football as a sports game. Methods: The research involved 54 male football players who have active trainings in football clubs FC “2 korrik” in Prishtina. They are at the age between 14 and 16 and have active training experience of 2 years at least. After explaining the point of the research to the respondents, the inquiry that was of an anonymous type began. Answers to the questions in the questionnaire are presented basic statistic indexes: central and dominant value. Opinions of the respondents are represented through frequencies by chi-square test. Results: The results of the answers are represented in 2 tables and for better exposition they are presented in 8 graphics. The received answers indicate that it is the positive feeling that prevails among the football players with regard to their coach, team-mates and the football game. Particularly interesting answers are given to the two questions of open type. Discussion: On the base of the obtained answers, the results of this research show that the inquired football players have a positive opinion about the coach – his regularity, professional work and proper treatment of the players. Their opinion is positive towards their team-mates as well (coming on time for training, collaboration and friendship). In addition, the football players have a positive attitude towards football – desire for training, contests and expectation for a high success. References: Creswell JW (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Method Approaches. Sage. Miller TI, Miller KM (2000). Ankete za gra¬đa¬ne: Kako anketirati građane, kako se služiti anketama i što one znače. ICMA, Wash¬ing¬ton. Murphy-Black T (2000). Questionnaire. The Research Process in Nur¬sing. Black¬well Science, 301–15. Rea LM, Parker RA (1997). Kreiranje i stvaranje an¬ket¬nog iztra¬ži¬va¬nja: kompletan vodič. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco. Singleton AR, Straits BC (2005). pproaches to Social Research. Oxford University Press, New York. Vekselberg, V. (2004). Priručnik za anketiranje građana. The Urban Institute, Zagreb.
Introduction: The research issue of this work is to examine the effect of motoric abilities on the specific motoric abilities with football players aged from14 to 16. According to the research issue, ...the following task was set: to establish the influence of the predictor system of six motoric tests on the two-criterion specific motoric tests. Methods: The group of tested persons in this research consists of 54 male football players aged from 14 to 16, who had active training in football club Prishtina. Their active football experience was two years at least. The sample of variables covers 6 motoric and 2 specific motoric variables. For each space individually there are calculated basic statistic indexes and the effect of the motoric abilities on the specific motoric abilities is established through the linear regressive analysis. Results: From the obtained results, presented in the 3 tables, the conclusion follows that the motoric variables had significant participation in the prediction of success in acquiring specific motoric abilities that are an important part of football. Discussion: Results similar to those obtained in this research are also evident with: Malina (2003), Swenson, & Drust (2005), Vaeyens, et al. (2006), Reilly, et al. (2000) and other eminent authors. We can confidently state that activities in which the trained football players were engaged show promise of high sports achievements. References: Malina RM (2003). Growth and maturity status of young soccer players. In T Reilly & AM Williams (eds.) Science and Soccer. Routledge, New York. Reilly T, Williams AM, Nevill A, Franks A (2000). Journal of Sport Sciences, 18, 695-702. Svensson M, Drust B (2005). Testing soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(6), 601–18. Vaeyens R, Malina R M, Janssens M (2006). Br J Sports Med, 40, 928–34.
Introduction:The research has been conducted in order to establish differences in motoric abilities due to the body mass index (BMI) with the tested students at the eighth grade (Barlow, & the Expert ...Committee, 2007). Methods: During the research 160 male students aged 14 were tested. On the base of (BMI) they were divided into 3 groups (normal, overweight, and with obesity). They were tested with 6 motor tests for: explosive power, repetitive power, coordination, equilibrium, precision, and flexibility. Along with basic statistic parameters, the differences between the groups are established through: ANOVA, MANOVA and LSD-tests. Results: The obtained results are presented in 5 tables. On the base of the results, a statistically significant difference in favor of the group of normal body mass index is recorded in the following tests: standing a long jump, agility on the ground and keeping balance on one leg. Discussion: The results obtained in this research indicate that obesity and overweight cause a negative effect and result in lower performances concerning some motoric abilities. On the base of the obtained results, it is concluded that the group of students of normal body mass index achieved the best results in the motoric abilities with assessing the following: explosive power, coordination, and equilibrium. As for the motoric ability concerning: precision, repetitive power, and flexibility, there are no established statistically significant differences between the three groups. The obtained results correspond with some former researches (Milanese, et al., 2010; Zhu, Sheng, Wu, & Cairney, 2010), and some do not (De Toia, et al., 2009). References: Barlow SE et al. (2007). Pediatrics, 120, 164–92. De Toia D, Klein D, Weber S, Wessely N, Koch B, Tokarski W, Dordel S, Strüder H, Graf C (2009). European Journal of Obesity, 2(4), 221–5. Zhu YC, Sheng K, Wu SK, Cairney J (2011). Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(2), 801–7. Milanese C, Bortolami O, Bertucco M, Verlato G, Zancanaro C (2010) Journal of Human Sport & Exercise, 5(2), 265–79.
Primary aim of physical and health education and of this education and upbringing activity, among other things, is to secure favorable conditions for physical education as modern civilization value ...and a need, in order to advance quality and effectiveness of life, and for advancement of health level especially in the adolescent phase of life, and to create opportunities for involvement of pupils in various sports. Methods: This research has the goal to evaluate importance of taxonomy analysis in the selection of pupils in sports. This means involvement of a process of measurement of morphological and motoric indicators of 26 pupils involved in sport activities in the age group of 15 years in the elementary and lower level secondary school “Faik Konica” from Prishtina and 30 pupils of age group 15 years in the elementary and lower level school „Avdulla Tahiri“ from Malishevë. 6 anthropometric variables have been applied and 4 motoric variables (Kurelić et al., 1975). Anthropometric variables applied are: body height (ATV), length of foot (ADS), body mass (ATT), volume of upper arm in down position (AONL), volume of upper leg (AONK), volume of lower leg (AOPK). Motoric variables applied were: distance jump from standing position (MFESDM), running from 30 meter distance (MTR30V), bench bending (MFLPRK), and push-ups (MSKLEK). Results: Taxonomy analysis applied demonstrates that these groups of pupils has been divided in two groups, first group composed of 22 pupils and second group of 34 pupils. Results obtained in the table using Anova discriminative analysis have verified statistical significance of the difference between these groups. Discussion: Taxonomy analysis is used in order to group, namely classify sample of students on the basis of anthropometric and motoric parameters. Goal of this analysis was to create a homogenous sub sample on the basis of given sample, one that has as more as possible of a joint morphological and motoric parameters. Obtained results demonstrate that this research has resulted in two sub-groups of homogenous nature, the second group of 34 pupils’ shows to be a group with better anthropometric and motoric parameters for selection for football. Similar results when it comes to selection have been obtained in other researches (Goletić, et al. 2012). The other group of 22 pupils has lower anthropometric and motoric parameters.
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