Supernova remnants exhibit shock fronts (shells) that can accelerate charged particles up to very high energies. In the past decade, measurements of a handful of shell-type supernova remnants in ...very-high-energy gamma rays have provided unique insights into the acceleration process. Among those objects, RX\(~\)J1713.7-3946 (also known as G347.3-0.5) has the largest surface brightness, allowing us in the past to perform the most comprehensive study of morphology and spatially resolved spectra of any such very-high-energy gamma-ray source. Here we present extensive new H.E.S.S. measurements of RX\(~\)J1713.7-3946, almost doubling the observation time compared to our previous publication. Combined with new improved analysis tools, the previous sensitivity is more than doubled. The H.E.S.S. angular resolution of \(0.048^\circ\) (\(0.036^\circ\) above 2 TeV) is unprecedented in gamma-ray astronomy and probes physical scales of 0.8 (0.6) parsec at the remnant's location. The new H.E.S.S. image of RX\(~\)J1713.7-3946 allows us to reveal clear morphological differences between X-rays and gamma rays. In particular, for the outer edge of the brightest shell region, we find the first ever indication for particles in the process of leaving the acceleration shock region. By studying the broadband energy spectrum, we furthermore extract properties of the parent particle populations, providing new input to the discussion of the leptonic or hadronic nature of the gamma-ray emission mechanism.
Se ha planteado la existencia de relaciones entre el bruxismo y factores psicológicos, sin concluir aún la distinción de rasgos de personalidad entre bruxistas céntricos y excéntricos. Así, el ...objetivo de este estudio es establecer si pacientes adultos desdentados parciales Bruxómanos Céntricos y Excéntricos poseen características de personalidad distintivas.
Estudio de tipo Comparativo, transversal, y no probabilístico. Se evaluó los estilos de personalidad de los bruxistas céntricos y excéntricos por medio del Inventario de Estilos de Personalidad de Millon. La muestra la conformaron 58 adultos concientes de bruxar e incorporados al mundo laboral con al menos 20 piezas dentarias remanentes. El grupo Bruxista Céntrico quedó conformado por 25 sujetos, 13 mujeres y 12 hombres, mientras que el grupo Bruxista Excéntrico quedó conformado por 33 sujetos, 26 mujeres y 7 hombres. Se utilizó la prueba U de Mann-Whitney para grupos independientes para los análisis.
Entre los grupos de pacientes bruxómanos céntricos y excéntricos, y de las doce dimensiones del test de Millon, sólo se presentan diferencias significativas en la escala de afectividad, la que únicamente se expresa en los bruxómanos excéntricos.
La principal diferencia entre ambos grupos fue la presencia de la escala de afectividad en el grupo de bruxistas excéntricos, lo que permitiría generar tratamiento específico según tipo de bruxismo.
To establish if clenching and grinding patients have distinctive personality characteristics.
On an intentioned sample of bruxers (n=58), partially edentulous patients with at least 20 remaining teeth, all of them working in their own particular professions, a clinical diagnose of bruxism was obtained by The American Association for Sleep Disorders Criteria. As a result of the criteria's application, 25 patients were diagnosed as centric or clenchers adults, ages between 20-78 years (average 39.9), 13 women and 12 men. 33 patients were diagnosed as eccentric or grinder's adults, ages between 24-72 years (average 44.45), 26 women and 7 men. Millon's personality stile test was applied to them at the beginning of their dental tratment. Data from both groups was collected and analyzed by Mann-Whitney test.
On the twelve dimensions of the Millon‘s personality test results between the centric and eccentric bruxers, there was only one dimension with a statistically significant difference: Feeling-Guided, only expressed on grinders bruxers.
Centric and eccentric bruxers patients possess distinctive personality characteristics in the Feeling-Guided area. This allows the possibility of an specific treatment by type of bruxism.
El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó con el objetivo de determinar el efecto hepatoprotector y actividad antioxidante del extracto hidroalcohólico del fruto de dos variedades de Opuntia ...megacantha “tuna”, morada y anaranjada. El contenido de fenoles totales se determinó por el método de Folin-Ciocalteu y los flavonoides por el método del cloruro de aluminio. La actividad antioxidante por los métodos de DPPH, ABTS y FRAP; y el efecto hepatoprotector mediante ensayo in vivo en ratas albinas de 2 meses de edad, con pesos entre 200 ± 20 g, distribuidas aleatoriamente en siete grupos de 5 animales cada uno, los cuales recibieron: grupo I (suero fisiológico), grupo II (CCl4), grupo III (silimarina), grupos IV y V (extracto de tuna morada a 250 y 500 mg/kg), grupos VI y VII, (extracto de tuna anaranjada a 250 y 500 mg/kg). En suero sanguíneo se determinó la actividad de aspartato aminotransferasa (AST) y alanina aminotransferasa (ALT) y se realizó el estudio histopatológico del hígado. La variedad morada presentó mayor contenido de fenoles totales, flavonoides y actividad antioxidante en relación a la variedad anaranjada (p<0,05). La actividad de AST y ALT a la dosis de 250 mg/kg son estadísticamente similares a la de silimarina para los extractos de tuna morada y anaranjada. En el estudio histopatológico, ambas variedades demostraron protección frente al daño del tetracloruro de carbono. En conclusión, el extracto hidroalcohólico de las variedades de tuna morada y anaranjada demostraron tener efecto hepatoprotector y actividad antioxidante.
This dissertation is comprised of three independent but interconnected studies with the scope of further understanding uranium and iodine partitioning between apatite and fluid. The studies herein ...presented investigated: 1) brushite to apatite crystallization method; 2) the degree of uranium incorporation into apatite; 3) the degree of iodine incorporation into apatite. The importance of this work is assessing the role of apatite in immobilizing these elements, where uranium is a major component of spent nuclear fuel and iodine is a chemical analog of its radioactive isotope (129I). Once we understand the incorporation mechanisms, we will provide data that can be used in development of engineering barrier systems via add-on of phosphate minerals.
In the first chapter we evaluate a method for the crystallization of apatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH, F, Cl)2) using brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O) as initial material. The solutions evaluated for this transformation were NaCl, NaF, and KOH. Result yielded 100% apatite transformation from brushite when pH is 3.5 or greater. At a pH lower than 3.5, transformation yields monetite-apatite mixtures. Crystal size is reduced during the transformation from ~10 micrometer to ~1 micrometer.
In the second chapter, degree of uranium uptake by apatite was evaluated. Phosphate minerals were crystallized from U-bearing NaCl solutions at 25-350°C. After experimental runs uranium concentrations in experimental solids and fluids were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry. Additionally, characterization of the solids was performed via X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Electron Microprobe to confirm the brushite to apatite conversion. Results show that >90% of uranium was extracted from solution. Moreover, that the partitioning of uranium between apatite and fluid decreases with increasing temperature.
In the third chapter apatite was crystallized from iodine-bearing solutions. The crystallization was evaluated at 39 and 200°C. Iodine concentration in solids were acquired via Electron Microprobe Analysis (EMPA) whereas iodine concentration in fluids were acquired via UV-Visible Spectrophotometry. Iodine concentrations in fluids yielded minimum depletion (0.1M) from initial iodine added to the system (0.1M). Partitioning data suggest that iodate (the oxidized form of iodine) is more compatible with apatite compared to iodide (the reduced state of iodine).
The purpose of this project was to analyze Assembly Bill 1421, known as Laura's Law, from a social work perspective of recovery-oriented care. Gil's framework was used to assess primary and secondary ...data from journal articles, government publications, and law reviews. A review of the literature was conducted to understand the historical background of coercive mental health treatment. Coercive treatment has been a pervasive problem generated from public fear and misconceptions about the association between mental illness and danger. Laura's Law was established as a result of the murder of 19 year-old Laura Wilcox by an individual with serious mental illness. The law's primary stated objective was to provide preventative mental health services to those identified as most in need before tragedy struck. Significant shortcomings were discovered within the analysis and alternatives to this policy are suggested as well as the implications for social work policy and practice.
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