This paper studies the green vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pickup and delivery (G-VRPSPD). It aims to minimize fuel consumption costs while satisfying customer pickup and delivery demands ...simultaneously. The fuel consumption is directly proportional to green house gas emissions. We mathematically formulate the problem, and develop a hyper-heuristic (HH-ILS) algorithm based on iterative local search and variable neighborhood descent heuristics to effectively solve the problem. Extensive computational experiments are conducted to analyze the impact of the G-VRPSPD and the HH-ILS. We investigate the effect of green objective function on total fuel consumption cost by comparing the G-VRPSPD with the VRPSPD. We perform comparative analysis to investigate the performance of HH-ILS. We also conduct sensitivity analysis to investigate the performance of neighborhood structures, hyper heuristic and local search. The results show that the green objective function has a significant effect on total fuel consumption cost. The HH-ILS algorithm yields competitive results when compared with the mathematical formulation and the state-of-the-art heuristics in the literature.
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, son yıllarda Rekabetçi Tesis Yer Seçimi (RTYS) problemlerinin ve problem bileşenlerinin literatürde ele alınış biçimlerine ilişkin bir bilimsel yayın taraması sunmaktadır.
...Yöntem: İlk olarak literatürde problemin temel bileşenlerinin ele alınış biçimlerine yer verilmiştir. Daha sonra RTYS problemi için literatürdeki en temel sınıflandırma kriteri olan rekabet tiplerine göre problem türleri incelenmiştir. Son olarak genişletilmiş RTYS problem türlerini ve çok amaçlı RTYS problemlerini ele alan çalışmalara yer verilmiş ve tarama çalışmasının sonuçları sunulmuştur.
Bulgular: Tarama çalışması sonucu RTYS alanında gelecek vadeden çalışma konuları; birden fazla firmanın pazar paylarının enbüyüklenmesi amaçlarının çok-amaçlı olarak ele alındığı RTYS problemleri, müşterilerin tesis seçimlerinin çok amaçlı eniyileme kullanılarak yapıldığı RTYS problemleri, ikiden fazla rakip firma içeren RTYS problemleri olarak belirlenmiştir.
Özgünlük: RTYS, hem tedarik zinciri için en önemli stratejik kararlardan biri olması hem de gerçek hayat problemlerine uygulanabilirliğinin yüksek olması sebebiyle araştırmacıların üzerinde durdukları bir alan olmuştur. Özellikle son yıllarda RTYS problemleri ve varyasyonları üzerinde önemli gelişmeler kaydedilmiştir. RTYS literatürüne ilişkin son çalışma Ashtiani (2016) tarafından yapılmıştır ve 2015 yılına kadar yapılan çalışmaları içermektedir. Bu çalışmada 2010 – 2020 arasında yapılan bilimsel çalışmaları içeren özgün bir tarama çalışması sunulmaktadır.
Purpose: The aim of this study to provide a review regarding the ways in which Competitive Facility Location (CFL) problems and problem components are handled in the literature in recent years.
Methodology: Firstly, the ways in which the basic components of the problem are discussed in the literature are given. Then, the types of problems are examined according to competition types which are the most basic classification criteria for the CFL problem. Studies addressing the extended CFL problem types that have been discussed and multi-objective CFL problems are mentioned. Finally, the results of the study are presented.Findings: As a result of the review study, future directions of CFL field have been found as CFL problems where the objectives of increasing the market shares of more than one firm are addressed in a multi-objective manner, CFL problems where customer facility selections are made using multi-objective optimization, and CFL problems with more than two companies.
Originality: CFL has become a field of researchers' interest, as it is one of the most important strategic decisions for the supply chain and it has realistic assumptions and applicability to real life problems. Especially in recent years, significant improvements have been made on CFL problems and variations. The last study on the CFL literature was conducted by Ashtiani (2016) and includes studies up to 2015. In this study, an original review study includes scientific studies conducted between 2010 and 2020 is presented.
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, son yıllarda Rekabetçi Tesis Yer Seçimi (RTYS) problemlerinin ve problem bileşenlerinin literatürde ele alınış biçimlerine ilişkin bir bilimsel yayın taraması sunmaktadır. ...Yöntem: İlk olarak literatürde problemin temel bileşenlerinin ele alınış biçimlerine yer verilmiştir. Daha sonra RTYS problemi için literatürdeki en temel sınıflandırma kriteri olan rekabet tiplerine göre problem türleri incelenmiştir. Son olarak genişletilmiş RTYS problem türlerini ve çok amaçlı RTYS problemlerini ele alan çalışmalara yer verilmiş ve tarama çalışmasının sonuçları sunulmuştur. Bulgular: Tarama çalışması sonucu RTYS alanında gelecek vadeden çalışma konuları; birden fazla firmanın pazar paylarının enbüyüklenmesi amaçlarının çok-amaçlı olarak ele alındığı RTYS problemleri, müşterilerin tesis seçimlerinin çok amaçlı eniyileme kullanılarak yapıldığı RTYS problemleri, ikiden fazla rakip firma içeren RTYS problemleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Özgünlük: RTYS, hem tedarik zinciri için en önemli stratejik kararlardan biri olması hem de gerçek hayat problemlerine uygulanabilirliğinin yüksek olması sebebiyle araştırmacıların üzerinde durdukları bir alan olmuştur. Özellikle son yıllarda RTYS problemleri ve varyasyonları üzerinde önemli gelişmeler kaydedilmiştir. RTYS literatürüne ilişkin son çalışma Ashtiani (2016) tarafından yapılmıştır ve 2015 yılına kadar yapılan çalışmaları içermektedir. Bu çalışmada 2010 – 2020 arasında yapılan bilimsel çalışmaları içeren özgün bir tarama çalışması sunulmaktadır.
In this study, we propose a new approach based on fuzzy TODIM (Portuguese acronym for interactive and multicriteria decision-making) for decision-making problems in uncertain environments. Our method ...incorporates group utility and individual regret, which are often ignored in traditional multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. To enhance the analysis and application of fuzzy sets in decision-making processes, we introduce novel entropy and distance measures for q-rung picture fuzzy sets. These measures include an entropy measure based on the sine function and a distance measure derived from the Jensen-Shannon divergence. In our methodology, incorporating the sine function into the entropy measure stands out as a distinctive decision, grounded in a profound understanding of the inherent characteristics of fuzzy sets. Utilizing the sine function proves especially advantageous when handling fuzzy sets that exhibit cyclical variations or fluctuations in their membership degrees. We effectively weight the criteria for an improved evaluation by using this new entropy measure. The introduced distance measure finds application in the TODIM approach, allowing the execution of TODIM method steps within a fuzzy environment until the determination of one alternative’s dominance over another—an advancement beyond traditional approaches. We apply our enhanced fuzzy TODIM method to a real-life construction project management problem from the literature and compare the results with those in the literature and obtained from other MCDM methods. Our proposed measures are robust, as demonstrated by the sensitivity analysis that varied the weights of group utility and individual regret, with the results visualized in a 3D sensitivity plot. The findings demonstrate the superiority of our method in providing a more comprehensive evaluation of alternatives, making it a useful tool for decision-makers facing complex and uncertain decision-making problems.
YPEL2 is a member of the evolutionarily conserved YPEL family involved in cellular proliferation, mobility, differentiation, senescence, and death. However, the mechanism by which YPEL2, or YPEL ...proteins, mediates its effects is largely unknown. Proteins perform their functions in a network of proteins whose identities, amounts, and compositions change spatiotemporally in a lineage‐specific manner in response to internal and external stimuli. Here, we explored interaction partners of YPEL2 by using dynamic TurboID‐coupled mass spectrometry analyses to infer a function for the protein. Our results using inducible transgene expressions in COS7 cells indicate that proximity interaction partners of YPEL2 are mainly involved in RNA and mRNA metabolic processes, ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis, regulation of gene silencing by miRNA, and cellular responses to stress. We showed that YPEL2 interacts with the RNA‐binding protein ELAVL1 and the selective autophagy receptor SQSTM1. We also found that YPEL2 localizes stress granules in response to sodium arsenite, an oxidative stress inducer, which suggests that YPEL2 participates in stress granule‐related processes. Establishing a point of departure in the delineation of structural/functional features of YPEL2, our results suggest that YPEL2 may be involved in stress surveillance mechanisms.
Background/Aims: Standard oral care protocols can reduce the incidence of mucositis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the "Oral Care Protocol" containing sodium bicarbonate or saline on ...mucositis development, degree, and duration in pediatric cancer patients. Methods: This study is a blind, parallel trial design, randomized controlled study. Patients (n = 43) who received inpatient chemotherapy treatment for more than three days at the Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit were included. The oral care protocol with saline was given to the patients in the control group (n = 22), and the oral care protocol with sodium bicarbonate was given to the patients in the study group (n = 21). The primary outcome was the development of mucositis. The secondary outcomes were mucositis degree, patient data at the time of mucositis development, and the duration of mucositis. The characteristics of the patients in the study and control groups and the data of patients with and without mucositis were compared with Fisher's exact test, t-test, and chi-square analysis. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the study and control groups in terms of mean age, gender, diagnosis, relapse status, treatment stage, risk group, and treatment protocols. Mucositis developed in 18.2% of the patients in the control group and 9.5% of the patients in the study group. No statistically significant difference was found in terms of mucositis development, degree, and duration. Conclusions: The oral care protocol with sodium bicarbonate can be used to prevent mucositis in pediatric cancer patients. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCTXXX.
In this study, torrefaction of sunflower seed cake and hydrogen production from torrefied sunflower seed cake via steam gasification were investigated. Torrefaction experiments were performed at 250, ...300 and 350 °C for different times (10–30 min). Torrefaction at 300 °C for 30 min was selected to be optimum condition, considering the mass yield and energy densification ratio. Steam gasification of lignite, raw- and torrefied biomass, and their blends at different ratios were conducted at downdraft fixed bed reactor. For comparison, gasification experiments with pyrochar obtained at 500 °C were also performed. The maximum hydrogen yield of 100 mol/kg fuel was obtained steam gasification of pyrochar. The hydrogen yields of 84 and 75 mol/kg fuel were obtained from lignite and torrefied biomass, respectively. Remarkable synergic effect exhibited in co-gasification of lignite with raw biomass or torrefied biomass at a blending ratio of 1:1. In co-gasification, the highest hydrogen yield of 110 mol/kg fuel was obtained from torrefied biomass-lignite (1:1) blend, while a hydrogen yield from pyrochar-lignite (1:1) blend was 98 mol/kg. The overall results showed that in co-gasification of lignite with biomass, the yields of hydrogen depend on the volatiles content of raw biomass/torrefied biomass, besides alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) content.
•Torrefied biomass, instead of raw biomass, is an attractive feedstock for hydrogen production.•Addition of biomass and its chars enhances gasification activity of lignite.•Synergy in co-gasification does not only depend on alkali contents in biomass.•Hydrogen was produced from blends of torrefied biomass and coal by steam gasification.
The primary purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of two different catheter systems (closed IV catheter system: BD Nexiva™, peripheral open IV catheter: BD Insyte™ Autoguard™) on first ...insertion success, catheter indwelling time, and the catheter complications.
This randomized controlled study used a single-blind and parallel trial design guided by the CONSORT checklist. The “Peripheral Intravenous Catheter (PIVC) Bundle” was applied to all patients. A total of 214 catheters of 38 patients were included in the intervention (BD Nexiva™) (n = 107 catheter) and control (open IV catheter) groups (n = 107 catheter) of the study. The indwelling time and PIVC complications were followed.
The mean age of the patients in the study group was 5.9 ± 2.2, and the mean age of the patients in the control group was 5.7 ± 1.9. The PIVC was successfully placed in 68.2% of the patients in the study group and in 65.4% of the patients in the control group at the first attempt. It was determined that the indwelling time was 4.9 ± 3.9 (max. 20.25 days) in the study group and 2.9 ± 2.8 (max. 11.25 days) days in the control group. The complication rates were found to be 86.8 for the study group and 166.9 for the control group in 1000 catheter days. In this study, no difference was found in terms of complication.
The PIVC indwelling time is longer in patients with the closed IV catheter system. These new technology PIVCs can be used for this special patient population.
NCT05769452.
•Interventions to increase the duration of PIVC and decrease complication rates are needed in the pediatric population.•This is the first study which is used the closed IV catheter system in pediatric patients.•The closed IV catheter system stayed longer than the open IV catheter.
Stridor is a considerable finding, which arises from congenital or acquired causes, that might have a good prognosis or might be a life-threatening cause, and hence requires rapid assessment and ...intervention. Stridor is mostly considered as croup in pediatric emergency units. A multidisciplinary approach might be required for an accurate diagnosis. The patient's age, time and severity of initial symptoms, response to treatment, and coexistent findings assist in differential diagnosis. Detecting the underlying cause may be difficult and time consuming. In this study, we intended to present cases that we assessed regarding the etiological reasons presented with chronic stridor and to present remarkable characteristics of them in diagnosis and differential diagnosis, by considering the literature. Patients diagnosed with subglottic stenosis, subglottic hemangioma, laryngomalacia and laryngeal web were presented with distinctive history and clinical findings. Patients with intermittent respiratory problems coexisting with stridor can be diagnosed typically through an adequate medical history, a well-enough physical examination, and radiological methods. Flexible endoscopy provides a safe and complete examination of the children's airway.
