Electricity plays an important role in the socioeconomic growth and social prosperity of any country. It is to be considered as the basic need for human development. Nowadays, low production of ...electricity is a serious problem in Pakistan, which directly restricts the development of the state. One-third of Pakistan's population does not have any electricity in the rural areas and about 10-12 hours load shedding in urban areas and is quite common. Although, the state of Pakistan always shows a deficit in the conventional resources, but no progress was also being made in the renewable resources such as the wind and solar energy. Therefore, it is better to utilize these natural assets in order to fulfill the electricity supply the country. In this manuscript, our main objective is to study and outlooks the country energy profile situation vis-à-vis wind energy potential characteristics of the most important wind corridor in the southern part of the country. Pakistan has around 1100 kilometers (km) coastal line for the wind energy potential, but in this manuscript, we have chosen one of the most suitable wind corridors of the southern part of the country. We also tried to prove theoretically that this wind zone is more favorable for country consumer demand. Moreover, future perspective and the major challenges during windmill implementation is also being discussed herein.
In the recent years, globally wind energy has played a vital role in renewable sources in order to minimize the environmental consequence on power generation, As a result of this, computer models of ...wind turbines for power system stability studies have been developed and supplied to the consumer. Therefore, the development of such models is of particular consequence for stability of power system, which has been studied and can be structured and integrated into network simulation software are needed. However, in this contribution a nonlinear control design modeling is required to stabilize and analyze wind energy conversion system (WECS) by regulating the electrical frequency and stator voltage amplitude of the squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG) at random wind speed approach is presented. A design scheme consists of dynamic wind turbine system and 3-phase SCIG unit. In this research study, we employ a unique technique based on feedback linearization technique through field oriented control concepts. The controllers were designed in simulated software Matlab in order to regulate the SCIG constraints. The validation of the developing system models will be appropriate to provide for large system stability and control.
The non-renewable energy resources are limited and depleting gradually. As such, energy security has attained the greatest amount of attention globally than ever before. In the meantime, energy ...crises are already affecting the developing countries such as Pakistan, even though one-third of the population of the country is not even not connected to the national electricity grid. The population with access to on-grid electricity is enduring load shedding of more than 12 h a day. This situation is alarming and require immediate attention is required so as to add alternative energy resources to the country, which has long been relying on imported fuels. It is, therefore, high time that the abundant potential in the renewable energy resources of Pakistan such as solar, wind, and biomass are harnessed. These renewable energy resources are economical and environmentally friendly, and thus considered as sustainable, and the utilization of these in meeting energy demands can help to conserve conventional resources early diminishing. This paper provides a detailed description of the energy consumption and load-shedding scenario in Pakistan thereby focusing specifically Sindh and Baluchistan provinces. Since, wind energy is considered one of the cost-effective renewable resources, six potential sites in these two provinces are considered in this study. These sites lie within 250 km of the southeastern and 800 km of the southwestern regions of Pakistan. One-year wind speed data have been reported for variable heights of these proposed sites which represent to have an annual average wind speed of 6.63 m/s and 5.33 m/s respectively. The power generation data for these location of two provinces is 7.653 GWh, and 5.456 GWh per annum respectively. This study also elaborates on the advantages and disadvantages of harvesting and installing the wind energy and provides a technical proposal for the generation of electricity from the wind in the selected remote zones which are off the national grid. The findings of this paper will help concerned government departments to devise appropriate policies and attract investment in the wind energy sector to eradicate the on-going electricity crisis.
Unfortunately, Pakistan is facing an acute energy crisis since the past decade due to the increasing population growth and is heavily dependent on imports of fossil fuels. The shortage of the ...electricity is 14-18 hours in rural areas and 8-10 hours in urban areas. This situation has been significantly affecting the residential, industrial and commercial sectors in the country. At this time, it is immense challenges for the government to keep the power supply provision continue in the future for the country. In this situation, it has been the increased research to explore renewable energy resources in the country to fulfill the deficit scenario in the state. The renewable energy sector has not penetrated in the energy mix, currently in the upcoming markets. This paper highlights the steps taken by the country in the past and is taking steps at the present time to get rid of from the existing energy crisis when most urban areas are suffering from power outages for 12 hours on regular basis. Until 2009, no single grid interconnected wind established, but now the circumstances are changing significantly and wind farms are contributing to the national grid is the reality now. The initiation of the three wind farms interconnection network and many others in the pipeline are going to be operational soon. The federal policy on wind energy system has recently changed. Surprisingly, the continuing schemes of the wind farm are getting slow. This paper reviews developments in the wind energy sector in the country and lists some suggestions that can contribute to improving the penetration of wind energy in the national energy sector.Article History: Received Dec 16th 2016; Received in revised form May 15th 2017; Accepted June 18th 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Kaloi,G.S., Wang, J., Baloch, M.H and Tahir, S. (2017) Wind Energy Potential at Badin and Pasni Costal Line Pakistan. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(2), 103-110.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.2.103-110
In this manuscript, a hybrid wind/solar/battery energy system is proposed for a stand-alone applications. Wind-solar energy sources are used as power generation source in the proposed hybrid energy ...system (HES), whereas battery is used as energy storing system in order to manage the power flow among various power generation sources and energy storing system. Power management control strategy is also presented for a suggested hybrid system. Through the real load demand and practical weather data (proposed area is Jamshoro, Sindh Pakistan), the system performance is verified under different situations. It is observed that the hybrid system produces maximum power in summer season as compared to other seasons throughout the year. Moreover, the power generated from wind and solar energy contributes 77.88% and 22.12%, respectively. However, it is clearly observed that the HES is cost effective and can be used in remotely rural areas which are isolated from power grid. In future work, the HES can be integrated with the power grid in order to meet the load demand during shortage of power.
This article describes how a drastic failure of a machine is caused by insulation collapse which results heavy interruption as well as losses. The stable operation of a generator mainly depends upon ...the stator winding insulation. In past, various testing and repairing techniques have been applied in order to analyze the insulation life. However, in this context, a complete stator windings insulation analysis have been carried out by testing and monitoring techniques such as insulation resistance, di-electric absorption ratio, polarization index before repair and after rehabilitation work, ac & dc high voltage, dc resistance test of winding coils, as well as surface potential test, no-load test and short circuit test. It basically reflected the insulation life of stator winding and helped to take remedial measures. This research techniques will pave the way to overcome such failure in machine and recommended the interval based tests for safety purpose.
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