•First sensory evaluation of beef vs plant-based vs hybrid burger (60:40 beef - veg).•99 UK consumers assessed the burgers under blind, expected and informed conditions.•In the blind condition the ...hybrid burger scored highest for overall liking.•Informed purchase intent was higher for hybrid burgers than plant-based burgers.•Informed max WTP was similar for beef and hybrid burgers and higher than plant-based.
This study assessed the effect of providing information on the consumers’ sensory evaluation of three burgers: 100% beef, 100% plant-based and a hybrid (60% beef and 40% vegetables). A total of 99 UK consumers with balanced age and gender were recruited. Consumers assessed the burgers under blind, expected and informed conditions and answered questions on liking, Check-all-that-apply (CATA), willingness to buy (WTB) and willingness to pay (WTP). In addition, under blind and informed conditions, consumers were asked to indicate their likes and dislikes about each sample. Results show that consumers are positive towards hybrid burgers, in terms of overall acceptability, purchase intent, WTP and subjective comments. Hybrid meat products could represent an effective way for consumers to lower their meat consumption without compromising too much on the sensory quality and could represent a transition product to a more plant-based diet. These results are valuable and should inform future marketing, labelling and reformulation efforts of new hybrid meat product launches.
Emerging work around the globe has identified the impact of closing schools and moving education online during the COVID-19 pandemic has had, especially on children from disadvantaged backgrounds. ...Whilst research into this area is growing from both students’ and parents’ perspectives, there remains a need to explore how school leaders strategically dealt with these challenging circumstances and, crucially, what can be learned for the future to ensure some of the opportunities that emerged can be harnessed and developed. This article addresses this knowledge gap by drawing on an UKRI-funded mixed-methods study involving an online survey ( n = 65) and semi-structured interviews ( n = 50) with headteachers in England exploring not only the strategic challenges that school leaders had to overcome but also highlighting the opportunities that have emerged from the crisis that will positively impact on leading online learning in the future. The results from this research have been used to develop a free online professional development course for heads, underpinned by the key findings, which are highlighted at the end of this article.
For any integer
m⩾2, we consider the 2
mth order boundary value problem
(−1)
mu
(2m)(x)=λg(u(x))u(x),
x∈(−1,1),
u
(i)(−1)=u
(i)(1)=0,
i=0,…,m−1,
where
λ∈
R
, and the function
g
:
R→
R
is
C
1 and ...satisfies
g(0)>0,
±g′(ξ)>0,
±ξ>0,
together with some further conditions as |
ξ|→∞. We obtain curves of nontrivial solutions of this problem, bifurcating from
u=0 at the eigenvalues of the linearised problem, and obtain the exact number of solutions of the problem for
λ lying in various intervals in
R
.
This thesis discusses some problems in bifurcation theory for general multiparameter non-linear eigenvalue problems. Results on the existence and the structure of the set of bifurcating solutions of ...such problems are given. These results extend those of Hale 14, McGhee and Sallam 21, J. Lopez-Gomez and R. Pardo 20. We also extend our results from finite to infinite dimensional parameter spaces.We investigate the nature of the eigenvalues of certain families of linear operators which depend on one or more parameters. More precisely, the structure of the eigenvalues of a Fredholm operator L( ), p, p 3 with index zero is given in a neighbourhood of a point 0 p, in the cases of 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional null spaces N(L( 0)).Since the study the bifurcation is closely related to change in the qualitative behaviour of systems, and to 'exchange of stability', analysis of the stability of the bifurcating solutions of the above problem for 2-dimensional parameter space is done. Also, 'exchange of stability' is determined using finite dimensional degree theory.The final chapter of this thesis considers global bifurcation for a class of non-linear eigenvalue problems having simple eigenvalues and a 'small' non-linear term and shows that the bifurcating continua (i.e. closed, connected sets) must be unbounded. Furthermore, information is obtained regarding the location of the continua and, under certain differentiability conditions, it is shown that these continua are smooth, 1-dimensional curves and there are no non-trivial solutions of the equation other than those lying on the bifurcating continua. (DXN004721)
Salvia (Lamiaceae family) is used as a brain tonic to improve cognitive function. The species including S. plebeia and S. moorcroftiana are locally used to cure hepatitis, cough, tumours, ...hemorrhoids, diarrhoea, common cold, flu, and asthma. To the best of authors’ knowledge, no previous study has been conducted on synthesis of S. plebeia and S. moorcroftiana silver nanoparticles (SPAgNPs and SMAgNPs). The study was aimed to synthesize AgNPs from the subject species aqueous and ethanol extracts, and assess catalytic potential in degradation of standard and extracted (from yums, candies, and snacks) dyes, nitrophenols, and antibiotics. The study also aimed at AgNPs as probe in sensing metalloids and heavy metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Ni2+, and Zn2+. From the results, it was found that Salvia aqueous extract afforded stable AgNPs in 1:9 and 1:15 (quantity of aqueous extract and silver nitrate solution concentration) whereas ethanol extract yielded AgNPs in 1:10 (quantity of ethanol extract and silver nitrate solution concentration) reacted in sunlight. The size of SPAgNPs and SMAgNPs determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were 21.7 nm and 19.9 nm, with spherical, cylindrical, and deep hollow morphology. The synthesized AgNPs demonstrated significant potential as catalyst in dyes; Congo red (85 %), methylene blue (75 %), Rhodamine B (<50 %), nitrophenols; ortho-nitrophenol (95–98 %) and para-nitrophenol (95–98 %), dyes extracted from food samples including yums, candies, and snacks. The antibiotics (amoxicillin, doxycycline, levofloxacin) degraded up to 80 %–95 % degradation. Furthermore, the synthesized AgNPs as probe in sensing of Pb2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ in Kabul river water, due to agglomeration, caused a significant decrease and bathochromic shift of SPR band (430 nm) when analyzed after 30 min. The Pb2+ ions was comparatively more agglomerated and chelated. Thus, the practical applicability of AgNPs in Pb2+ sensing was significant. Based on the results of this research study, the synthesized AgNPs could provide promising efficiency in wastewater treatment containing organic dyes, antibiotics, and heavy metals.
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•AgNPs phytosynthesis via S. plebeia and S. moorcroftiana aq. and ethanol extracts.•Effect of pH, temperature, and salts on AgNPs stability.•AgNPs as catalysts in standard and food extracted dyes, and antibiotics degradation.•AgNPs sensing potential for metals detection in Kabul river water samples.•AgNPs antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
Abstract Background The treatment options for hydatid cyst liver include non-operative and operative methods. Operative methods include conservative and radical procedures. Non-operative methods ...include chemotherapy and percutaneous treatment of liver hydatidosis. Material and methods The study was conducted at Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir, India, over a period of two years from March 2001 to February 2003 with further follow-up of 5–6 years. The study included 64 cases in the age group of 15 years to 64 years, comprising 36 males and 28 females. The aim of the study was to know the effect of preoperative and postoperative albendazole therapy on the viability of protoscolices and recurrence rate of hydatid disease of liver. Patients were divided into four group of 16 each. In group A, patients were directly subjected to surgery. In group B, patients were given albendazole for 8 weeks followed by surgery. In group C, patients were given albendazole for 8 weeks preoperatively followed by further postoperative course for 8 weeks. In group D, patients were first taken for surgery followed by postoperative course of albendazole for 8 weeks. Results Out of those patients who received preoperative albendazole only 9.37% had viable cysts at the time of surgery as compared to 96.87% of patients who did not receive any preoperative albendazole. In those patients who did not receive any albendazole therapy, recurrence rate was 18.75% whereas recurrence was 4.16% in patients who received albendazole therapy. Conclusion We conclude that albendazole is safe and effective adjuvant therapy in the treatment of hydatid liver disease.
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