Premda grad Zagreb ima dugu tradiciju uređenja vrtova i gradskih zelenih površina, podaci o vrstama koje se pritom koriste su uglavnom novijeg datuma i odnose se prvenstveno na 20. i 21. stoljeće. S ...druge strane, navodi o vrstama koje su se koristile u uređenju javnih i privatnih zelenih površina u 19. stoljeću su rijetki tj. spominju se tek sporadično i marginalno u sklopu literature koja obrađuje širu povijest Zagreba ili povijest zagrebačke krajobrazne arhitekture. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi koje su drvenaste vrste korištene u uređenju javnih površina zelenila grada Zagreba u 19. stoljeću. Analiza je provedena uz upotrebu dostupnih literaturnih podataka. Na temelju sekundarnih izvora podataka, sastavljena je baza ukrasnih drvenastih vrsta koje su se sadile na javnim površinama zelenila grada Zagreba u 19. stoljeću. Sakupljeni su podaci o korištenim vrstama, godini (ili drugoj vremenskoj odrednici) spominjanja, namjeni te specifičnoj lokaciji. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da su u 19. stoljeću uglavnom u primjeni listopadne stablašice kao alejna stabla, grupacije stabala ili soliteri. Najčešće sađene vrste bile su iz rodova:
Platanus, Acer, Populus, Liriodendron, Betula, Tilia
i
Morus
, a od drvenastih penjačica zabilježene su bršljan (
Hedera helix
) i vinova loza (
Vitis vinifera
). Naveliko su se koristile ruže (
Rosa
spp.).
Although the city of Zagreb has a long tradition of designing gardens and city green areas, the data on the species used are mostly recent and refer primarily to the 20th and 21st centuries. On the other hand, references to the species used in the design of public and private green areas in the 19th century are rare, i.e. they are mentioned only sporadically and marginally within the literature that deals with the wider history of Zagreb or the history of Zagreb's landscape architecture. The aim of this work was to determine the woody species used in the landscaping of public green areas of the city of Zagreb in the 19th century. The analysis was carried out with the use of available literature data. Based on the secondary literature sources used, a database of ornamental woody species that were used on public green areas of the city of Zagreb in the 19th century was compiled. Data were collected on the species used, year (or other time frame) of mention, purpose and specific location. Research has established that in the 19th century deciduous tree species were mostly used as alley trees or solitaires. The most frequently planted species were from the genera:
Platanus, Acer, Populus, Liriodendron, Betula, Tilia
and
Morus
, and, from the woody climbers, ivy (
Hedera helix
) and vines (
Vitis vinifera
) were noted. Roses (
Rosa
spp.) were widely used.
Introduction:
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an important treatment option for organ support in respiratory insufficiency, cardiac failure, or as an advanced tool for cardiopulmonary ...resuscitation. Reports on pediatric ECMO use in our region are lacking.
Methods:
This study is a retrospective review of all pediatric cases that underwent a veno-arterial (VA) or veno-venous (VV) ECMO protocol between November 2009 and August 2020 at the Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia.
Results:
Fifty-two ECMO runs identified over the period; data were complete for 45 cases, of which 23 (51%) were female, and median age was 8 months. Thirty-eight (84%) patients were treated using the VA-and 7 (16%) using VV-ECMO. The overall survival rate was 51%. Circulatory failure was the most common indication for ECMO (N = 38, 84%), and in 17 patients ECMO was started after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR). Among survivors, 74% had no or minor neurological sequelae. Variables associated with poor outcome were renal failure with renal replacement therapy (p < .001) and intracranial injury (p < .001).
Conclusion
Overall survival rate in our cohort is comparable to the data published in the literature. The use of hemodialysis was shown to be associated with higher mortality. High rates of full neurological recovery among survivors are a strong case for further ECMO program development in our institution.
OBJECTIVES
Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) is a well-known factor influencing patients' long-term morbidity and mortality. Several prediction models of AKI requiring dialysis ...(AKI-D) have been developed. Only a few direct comparisons of these models have been done. Recently, a new, more uniform and objective definition of AKI has been proposed Kidney Disease: Improve Global Outcomes (KDIGO)-AKI. The performance of these prediction models has not yet been tested.
METHODS
Preoperative demographic and clinical characteristics of 1056 consecutive adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery were collected retrospectively for the period 2012–2014. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of AKI-D and the KDIGO-AKI stages. Risk scores of five prediction models were calculated using corresponding subgroups of patients. The discrimination of these models was calculated by the c-statistics (area under curve, AUC) and the calibration was evaluated for the model with the highest AUC by calibration plots.
RESULTS
The incidence of AKI-D was 3.5% and for KDIGO-AKI 23% (17.3% for Stage 1, 2.1% for Stage 2 and 3.6% for Stage 3). Older age, atrial fibrillation, NYHA class III or IV heart failure, previous cardiac surgery, higher preoperative serum creatinine and endocarditis were independently associated with the development of AKI-D. For KDIGO-AKI, higher body mass index, older age, female gender, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, previous cardiac surgery, atrial fibrillation, NYHA class III or IV heart failure, higher preoperative serum creatinine and the use of cardiopulmonary bypass were independent predictors. The model by Thakar et al. showed the best performance in the prediction of AKI-D (AUC 0.837; 95% CI = 0.810–0.862) and also in the prediction of KDIGO-AKI stage 1 and higher (AUC = 0.731; 95% CI = 0.639–0.761), KDIGO-AKI stage 2 and higher (AUC = 0.811; 95% CI = 0.783–0.838) and for KDIGO-AKI stage 3 (AUC = 0.842; 95% CI = 0.816–0.867).
CONCLUSIONS
The performance of known prediction models for AKI-D was found reasonably well in the prediction of KDIGO-AKI, with the model by Thakar having the highest predictive value in the discrimination of patients with risk for all KDIGO-AKI stages.
U radu se istražuje implicitna teorija Ustava Republike Hrvatske koja je oblikovala pristup hrvatske države pandemiji koronavirusa. Tvrdi se kako je pandemija kao središnje pitanje, barem u hrvatskim ...konstitucionalističkim krugovima nametnula problem odnosa činjenica i ustavnih vrednota, struktura i normi. Iako je na prvi pogled tek preslika naše opće nesposobnosti snalaziti se na nesigurnom terenu
nepredviđene zaraze, problem se istražuje kao specifično pitanje ustavne teorije. Cilj je rada ispitati njegove implikacije na ustavnu dimenziju ranjivosti. Kako bi se u tome uspjelo, iz postojeće se literature preuzima prikaz načina na koje se ustave može dovesti u vezu s činjenicama. Te se uvide primjenjuje na ustavnost pandemijskih mjera koje je uvela hrvatska država. Time se stvara prikaz nesigurnog terena, na kojem vršenje državne vlasti i njezina ograničenja stoje na tankom ustavnom temelju. On isključuje čitav raspon supstantivnijih tumačenja Ustava. Zaključno se utvrđuje da takva interpretacija pokazuje da je u pandemiji uvelike sužena ustavna osnova za prepoznavanje i otklanjanje ranjivosti.
In this paper, we explore the underlying theory of the Croatian constitution in the response to the COVID outbreak. We argue that the operative issue imposed by the pandemic, at least in Croatian ...constitutionalist circles, was how facts should be related to constitutional values, structures, and norms. Although at first blush a replica of our general inability to get some bearing on a terrain of uncertainty in an unforeseen outbreak, we will explore the matter as a specific problem of constitutional theory, aiming to explore its implications for constitutional dimensions of vulnerability. To do so, we draw from the literature to describe the different ways constitutions may be imagined in relation to facts and then apply this insight to the measures enacted by the Croatian state during the COVID pandemic. The result is a treacherous terrain, where the exercise of state power and its restriction stand on thin constitutional grounds, excluding a spectrum of more substantive interpretations of the Constitution. In conclusion, we argue that this map reveals a narrowed basis for identifying and vindicating vulnerability.
U radu se istražuje implicitna teorija Ustava Republike Hrvatske koja je oblikovala pristup hrvatske države pandemiji koronavirusa. Tvrdi se kako je pandemija kao središnje pitanje, barem u hrvatskim konstitucionalističkim krugovima nametnula problem odnosa činjenica i ustavnih vrednota, struktura i normi. Iako je na prvi pogled tek preslika naše opće nesposobnosti snalaziti se na nesigurnom terenu nepredviđene zaraze, problem se istražuje kao specifično pitanje ustavne teorije. Cilj je rada ispitati njegove implikacije na ustavnu dimenziju ranjivosti. Kako bi se u tome uspjelo, iz postojeće se literature preuzima prikaz načina na koje se ustave može dovesti u vezu s činjenicama. Te se uvide primjenjuje na ustavnost pandemijskih mjera koje je uvela hrvatska država. Time se stvara prikaz nesigurnog terena, na kojem vršenje državne vlasti i njezina ograničenja stoje na tankom ustavnom temelju. On isključuje čitav raspon supstantivnijih tumačenja Ustava. Zaključno se utvrđuje da takva interpretacija pokazuje da je u pandemiji uvelike sužena ustavna osnova za prepoznavanje i otklanjanje ranjivosti.
A case is presented of a operated giant pedunculated vulvar lipoma weighing 14 kg in a patient with concomitant inoperable giant ventral postoperative hernia, complete diastasis of the anterior ...abdominal wall musculature and endometrial adenocarcinoma.
Topramezone is a newly introduced herbicide for use in maize. Field experiments were carried out on several locations during a three year period. Untreated check (weedy check), two rates of ...topramezone (low a.i. 50.4 and high 67.5 g · ha-1) and standard treatment (nicosulfuron + bentazone + dicamba a.i. 40+640+180 g · ha-1) were applied at maize growth stage 4 – 6 leaves. Major weeds present wereAmaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium polyspermum, Echinochloa crusgalliandSetaria glauca. All herbicide treatments controlled broadleaved weeds more than 95 %. A low dose of topramezone reducedEchinochloa crus-gallifrom 38 to 100%, whereas a high dosage resulted in 100% control. Both doses of topramezone controlled Setaria glauca at the same level, 68.9 – 100%.
Prošlo je više od 40 godina od kada je u strategiju suzbijanja korova uveden koncept pretpostavke da korov nije jednako štetan tijekom cijeloga razdoblja razvoja kulture, odnosno da u razvoju ...poljoprivredne kulture postoji razdoblje u kojem se prisutnost korova
najviše odražava na prinos. To se razdoblje naziva kritično razdoblje zakorovljenosti (KRZ) ili kritično razdoblje suzbijanja korova. Među poljoprivrednim kulturama postoje razlike u KRZ-u, ali i variranja KRZ-a za pojedinu poljoprivrednu kulturu jer KRZ ovisi o nizu čimbenika koji mogu utjecati na kompetitivnu sposobnost kulturne
biljke ili korova. Poznavanje kritičnoga razdoblja zakorovljenosti ključna je pretpostavka integriranoga suzbijanja korova te preciznoga planiranja strategije suzbijanja korova, kao i racionalne uporabe herbicida ili drugih mjera suzbijanja korova.
U radu su predstavljeni rezultati analize uštede energije (goriva) izolirane dizelske elektrane bušaćega postrojenja opremljenoga baterijskim sustavom za pohranu energije za kompenzaciju vršnih ...opterećenja. Strategija upravljanja tokovima energije uključuje logiku uključivanja i isključivanja generatora i poravnavanje vršnih opterećenja temeljeno na trenutnim zahtjevima za radnom i jalovom snagom mikromreže postrojenja. Analiza se provodi na 30-dnevnim podacima opterećenja mikromreže izolirane kopnene bušaće garniture, koju karakterizira varijabilno radno i jalovo opterećenje. Glavni zaključak je kako se izbjegavanjem rada pri malim snagama pojedinačnih generatora i osiguravanjem zahtjeva za vršnom snagom iz namjenskog baterijskoga sustava za pohranu energije, može značajno smanjiti potrošnja goriva dizel-agregatne elektrane, otprilike 12 % u usporedbi s dosadašnjom praksom koja se oslanja isključivo na odlučivanju stručnjaka na terenu. Konačno, analiza je, također, pokazala da razdoblje povrata ulaganja u razmatranio baterijski sustav za pohranu energije jest jedna do dvije godine.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. is an invasive alien plant in Europe that has been the subject of research of many scientific disciplines, particularly in last twenty years. In addition to being known as ...a noxious weed, it came into the public interest as a source of very strong allergenic pollen that causes allergic responses in 10% of the Croatian population, a figure similar to that of other European countries. The genus Ambrosia consists of about 40 species but in Europe just five of them are present. The most widespread is Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. It is present normally in row crops, particularly in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) fields. Furthermore, its presence is noticed along communication lines, in urban, industrial and building areas, and other non-agricultural areas. Distribution monitoring of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. was conducted during three years, from 2004 to 2006, by recording its presence or absence in settlements of districts in the 21 counties of Croatia. Inland parts of Croatia are highly infested with Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. while in the coastal area it is mainly concentrated on bands along communication lines. In this area we observed individual (solitary) plants. Systematic and well organized monitoring of the Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. spread and distribution in the coastal parts of Croatia would reduce its progression to the more southern parts and the Croatian islands.
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