The melanoma origin of cell lines obtained from the axillary lymph node (mel Kas, mel Pet, and mel Lap from patients with a verified diagnosis) was confirmed by the detection of the Melan A ...melanocyte marker expression. A hyperdiploid (2n+) for the mel Kas line; near-diploid (2n), and in some cells near-tertaploid (4n), and even hypo-octaploid (8n) set (172–179 chromosomes) in the mel Pet cell line; and a hypotetraploid (4n−) for the mel Lap line were detected by karyotypic analysis. All three cell lines are tumorigenic; however, mel Pet demonstrates tumor growth in Balb/c nude mice only in the presence of matrigel. All three lines showed a high expression of TUBB3 and PD-L1 markers, while ERa was low (minimum for mel Pet). Significant differences in the expression level were shown for the Cyt molecular marker. In the transplantation of cells to Balb/c nude mice, a stable expression level is observed only for TUBB3. For the rest of the markers, a decrease in their expression level of varying degrees was noted when the cells were growing in solid tumors in vivo. Mutations were detected in oncogenes (BRAF, EZH2, KIT, KRAS, NRAS, ROS1) and tumor suppressor genes (CDKN2A, FAT4, KMT2C, LRP1B, PTEN, PTPRB, TP53). The detailed characterization of the cell lines makes them valuable for various scientific and regulatory experiments, particularly those involving preclinical data on antiproliferative drugs for malignant melanoma or investigations into melanoma cell properties and progression.
The given work focused on solving the problem of environmental geochemistry related to investigation of element speciation, their mobility, and migration in polluted areas. The purpose was to ...describe quantitatively migration, distribution, and redistribution of heavy metals by the example of the old tailings (Talmovaya sands) of the Lead Zinc Concentration Plant (Salair, Kemerovo region, Russia) and technogenic bottom sediments of the Malaya Talmovaya river. Contents of elements in the sulfide tailings range in the following limits: Zn: 1,100–27,000 ppm, Cd: 1.3–240 ppm, Pb: 0.01–0.81 ppm, Cu: 220–960 ppm, As: 15–970 ppm, Fe: 19,000–76,000 ppm, and Ba: 80,000–1,00,000 ppm. Element concentrations in the river sediment are proportional to the element contents in the sulfide tailings. Element speciations in the sulfide tailings and technogenic bottom sediments were investigated by the modified sequential extraction procedure. Chemical forms of heavy metals in pore water and surface water were calculated by WATEQ4F software. Principles of heavy metal migration in the sulfide tailings and technogenic bottom deposits were established. The obtained results about element species in the sulfide tailings and sediment explain the main principles of element migration and redeposition. In the mine waste and technogenic bottom deposits, there is vertical substance transformation with formation of geochemical barriers.
—A new method of double immunofluorescence analysis by flow cytometry is developed to evaluate the quantitative expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin in epithelium cells of a solid tumor, ...which in turn is a mixture of different histogenesis cells. The method has a number of evident advantages compared to the clinically used immunohistochemistry technique for marker investigation: the intralaboratory precision of the results, gentle preanalytical preparation, lack of subjectivity in the interpretation of the results, and integral evaluation of the markers expression in a large number of cells from a large volume of the tumor tissue sample (≥5000 cells from a sample of ≥2 cm in diameter).
—Molecular heterogeneity in seven human metastatic melanoma cells lines is revealed using a double immunofluorescent assay by flow cytometry. It is evaluated that quite a small population of cells ...(up to 10%) expressed only vimentin, the main marker of melanoma. Only epithelial cytokeratins expression is revealed in a significantly greater number of cells (from 25 to 50%). The dominant molecular phenotype (50–80% cells expressed both markers), the coexpression of vimentin and cytokeratins, is identified for the first time. The authors assume that the latter phenotype of melanoma cells may be a molecular marker of the tumor’s aggressiveness and metastatic potential.
The proportion of diploid cells in the G0/G1 cell cycle phases was estimated by flow cytometry in 60 samples of stage III serous ovarian cancer tissue. The tumor tissue shows considerable ...heterogeneity with regard to the content of this tissue fraction, which ranged from 27 to 95% with a median of 73%. Statistically significant differences in the size of this fraction were identified by comparing tumor subgroups sensitive and resistant to first-line platinum-taxane chemotherapy. Predictive significance of the G0/G1 fraction was concluded and quantitative evaluation of this fraction is recommended for clinical use.
Drug-sensitive MCF7 cells and drug-resistant MCF7/ADR cells are shown to differ with regard to the vimentin and P-gp expression levels, which is indicative of the coexistence of two drug resistance ...mechanisms in MCF7/ADR cells. The mesenchymal phenotype of epithelial cells makes a much greater contribution to the resistance mechanisms than the ABC transporter’s overexpression, since the difference in the vimentin expression levels in drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cultures is significantly higher than the difference in the P-gp expression.
A retrospective analysis of using laparoscopy in elective and emergency surgery was made. During the period of 3 years (2013-2015) 3,045 surgical operations on the abdominal organs were performed. In ...1,455 cases minimally invasive surgical techniques were used. Perspective use of laparoscopic technology in elective and emergency surgery was proven. The attention of authors was concentrated on the widespread use of diagnostic laparoscopy as the final stage of pathology verification followed by subsequent adequate surgery.
There is evidence that infarcted myocardium contributes to the increase of cell‐free DNA levels (cfDNA). We studied the effect of different human DNA fragments on the rate of contraction of the ...electrically paced neonatal rat ventricular myocytes in culture (spontaneously hypertensive line SHR). AT‐rich fragments of the human satellite 3 tandem repeat (1q12 region) at a concentration of 1 ng/mL increase the frequency of cardiomyocyte contractions by 2–2.5 times. GC‐rich fragments of the rDNA at 0.5 ng/mL decrease the cardiomyocyte contraction frequency by 1.5–2 times. The serum cfDNA of patients with acute myocardial infarction decreases the frequency of the contraction of cardiomyocytes proportionally to the amount of the rDNA fragments it contains. The rDNA effect is similar to the E. coli DNA effect and is presumably being realized through TLR9. In the presence of the inhibitor of these receptors, rDNA operates the same way as the fragment of the satellite 3—increasing the frequency of the cardiomyocyte contractions. Accumulation of the GC‐rich fragments of the cfDNA in the blood of the AMI patients might have an influence on the contractile function of myocardial cells.
The article presents a technique for obtaining advanced layered radio-absorbing materials based on powdered charcoal. The technique includes the following technologies: incorporation of the ...electrolyte aqueous solution into the material particles pores and adhesive pressing. The developed technique is more manufacturable compared to its analogs. Materials obtained in accordance with this technique are characterized by flexibility, as well as lower cost compared to other carbon-containing radio-absorbing materials. The experimental characteristics of electromagnetic radiation reflection and transmission coefficients in the frequency range 2.0–17.0 GHz of the materials obtained in accordance with the developed technique are described. The results of the comparative analysis of these characteristics are provided. On the basis of these results, it is determined that the average values of electromagnetic radiation reflection coefficient in the specified frequency range of the materials based on powdered nonactivated wood charcoal, powdered activated wood charcoal, and powdered activated coconut charcoal are –4.5, –8.5, and –9.0 dB (when these materials fixed on metal reflectors). The average values of their electromagnetic radiation transmission coefficient are –11.5, –20.0, and –15.5 dB respectively. The investigated materials seem to be promising for use in order to protect electronic equipment from external electromagnetic interference.
In the present research, we compared two datasets obtained from the quantitative estimation of ERCC1 protein using two monoclonal antibodies—8F1 and FL29. Quantitative evaluation of ...immunofluorescence parameters was performed by flow cytometry on ovarian cancer biopsy specimens (
n
= 53). Agreement between two different assays was estimated by correlation analyses and Bland–Altman plots. It was shown that, despite of large spread of differences etween two measurements obtained by 8F1 and FL297, both clones may be used for estimation of ERCC1 expression level (i.e., the number of positively stained cells) in tumor.
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