A graph G=(V,E) is arbitrarily partitionable if for any sequence (n1,…,nk) that satisfies n1+…+nk=|G| it is possible to divide V into disjoint subsets V=V1∪…∪Vk such that |Vi|=ni,i=1,…,k and the ...subgraphs induced by all Vi are connected. In this paper we inspect an on-line version of this concept and show that for graphs of order n, 8≤n≤14, and size greater than (n−32)+6 these two concepts are equivalent. Although our result concerns only finitely many graphs, together with a recent theorem of Kalinowski 5 it implies that arbitrarily partitionable graphs of any order n and size greater than (n−32)+6 are also on-line arbitrarily partitionable. For the proof of our main result, we show some lemmas providing sufficient conditions for a graph to be traceable or Hamiltonian-connected, and they are of interest on their own.
Abstract Background Up to 24% of stroke patients have chronic heart failure. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and prognostic significance of decompensated heart failure (DHF) in ...acute stroke patients. Methods and Results Five hundred sixty-six patients (median age 73 y, 48% men) admitted to the stroke unit within 24 hours after stroke were prospectively included. Diagnosis of DHF was made by a cardiologist during hospitalization. Function outcome was assessed 1 month after stroke onset with the use of a modified Rankin Scale. Unfavorable outcome was defined as scores 3–6. DHF was diagnosed in 17% of patients. Fifty-seven percent of patients with DHF had preserved ejection fraction. Patients with DHF were older and more often female and more frequently suffered from hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and myocardial infarction. They also had more severe neurologic deficit and more often had hyperglycemia, leukocytosis, fever, pneumonia, and renal failure. After multivariate analysis, adjusting for age, stroke severity, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, hyperglycemia, pneumonia, fever, leukocytosis, proteinuria, and reduced ejection fraction, DHF remained an independent predictor of worse outcome (odds ratio 2.34, 95% CI 1.12–4.89; P = .02). Conclusions DHF is a strong independent predictor of poor functional prognosis after ischemic stroke.
In the last decade, the stroke mortality rate in Poland significantly decreased. We hypothesised that stroke severity, the major determinant of outcome, is lowered in Polish stroke patients.
We ...compared the stroke severity in two cohorts of first-ever ischaemic stroke patients admitted within 24 h after stroke onset to the Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow in the years 1994-2000 and 2008-2012. To assess stroke severity we used the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). We defined mild stroke as an NIHSS score ≤ 4.
We included 816 patients hospitalised in the years 1994-2000 and 569 patients hospitalised in the years 2008-2012. NIHSS score on admission was higher in the former (mean: 12.0 ±7.0 vs. 8.0 ±6.0, p < 0.01), and the frequency of mild stroke was higher in the latter (12.7% vs. 41.8%, p < 0.01). Although the frequency of hypertension (67.3% vs. 81.2%, p < 0.01), diabetes mellitus (20.8% vs. 26.4%, p = 0.02) and atrial fibrillation (20.7% vs. 26.2%, p = 0.02) was higher in patients hospitalised in the years 2008-2012, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure values and the frequency of fasting hyperglycaemia were lower in this cohort. This cohort also less frequently suffered from hypercholesterolaemia (25.4% vs. 16.3%, p < 0.01).
Reduced stroke severity is associated with better recognition and control of risk factors and explains the improvement of survival in Polish stroke patients.
A few single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 4q25, associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), are risk factors for ischaemic stroke. We studied the significance of the SNP rs2200733 on ...chromosome 4q25 in different types of cardioembolic (CE) stroke. Material and methods: We genotyped 428 controls and 301 CE stroke patients, among whom 197 (65.4%) presented with high risk sources of embolism (CE stroke related to AF) and 104 with medium risk sources (CE stroke unrelated to AF). The SNP rs2200733 was analysed using real-time polymorphism chain reaction.
Both univariate and multivariate regression analyses showed that the studied variant affected risk of all CE strokes or CE strokes related to AF in recessive and additive models. The two types of CE stroke differed significantly in demographics and distribution of vascular risk factors.
The SNP rs2200733 on chromosome 4q25 is a risk factor for CE stroke related to AF only.
Kilka polimorfizmów na chromosomie 4q25, związanych z migotaniem przedsionków, jest czynnikami ryzyka udaru niedokrwiennego mózgu. Przeanalizowano znaczenie polimorfizmu rs2200733 na chromosomie 4q25 w różnych typach udaru sercowozatorowego.
Badany polimorfizm oznaczono u 428 osób tworzących grupę kontrolną oraz u 301 chorych na udar sercowozatorowy, spośród których 197 (65,4%) miało źródło zatorowości o dużym ryzyku (udar sercowozatorowy związany z migotaniem przedsionków), a 104 o pośrednim ryzyku (udar sercowozatorowy niezwiązany z migotaniem przedsionków). Do analizy polimorfizmu rs2200733 wykorzystano reakcję łańcuchową polimerazy DNA z analizą ilości produktu w czasie rzeczywistym.
Zarówno jedno-, jak i wieloczynnikowa analiza regresji logistycznej wykazały, że badany wariant wpływał na ryzyko wystąpienia wszystkich udarów sercowozatorowych oraz tych związanych z migotaniem przedsionków w modelach recesywnym i addytywnym. Dwa typy udaru sercowozatorowego różniły się w zakresie czynników demograficznych oraz rozkładu naczyniowych czynników ryzyka.
Polimorfizm rs2200733 na chromosomie 4q25 jest czynnikiem ryzyka jedynie udaru sercowozatorowego związanego z migotaniem przedsionków.
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