Introduction En 2007, la Société Scientifique de Médecine Générale ( http://www.SSMG.be ) a publié des recommandations pour la prise en charge du diabète de type 2, largement similaires à celles de ...l’Association Américaine du Diabète. Le but de cette étude rétrospective était de comparer la prise en charge globale au moment du passage à l’insuline, avant la publication de la SSMG (2005) et après (2010). Patients et méthodes Nous avons revu les dossiers de tous les diabétiques de type 2 insulino-naïfs, mis sous insuline (2 injections ou plus) à l’hôpital Erasme en 2005 (n = 56) et 2010 (n = 111). Ont été enregistrés l’historique du traitement, les derniers chiffres tensionnels, lipidiques et l’HbA1c avant la mise sous insuline, ainsi que la présence éventuelle d’une micro-albuminurie. Les tests T ou de Fischer ont été utilisés selon les cas pour les comparaisons. Résultats A la mise sous insuline, la durée du diabète était de 8,0 ± 6,8 ans en 2005 pour 7,7 ± 7,7 ans en 2010 (ns) et l’HbA1c de 10,2 ± 1,7 % en 2005 vs 10,4 ± 2,4 % en 2010 (ns). La metformine n’est prescrite en première intention qu’à 56 % des patients en 2005 vs 51 % en 2010 (ns). La TA est > 130/80 mmHg dans 50 % des cas en 2005 vs 39 % en 2010. Parmi ces patients, 29 % (2005) vs 23 % (2010) ne reçoivent pas d’antihypertenseur (ns). Le LDL-chol est > 100 mg/dl dans 48 % des cas (2005) vs 41 % (2010). 59 % de ces patients ne sont pas sous statine en 2005 vs 65 % en 2010. L’albuminurie n’est pas traitée par IEC/Sartan dans 21 % des cas en 2005 vs 24 % en 2010. Conclusion Cette étude confirme la persistance en 2010 d’un mauvais contrôle ambulatoire de l’HbA1c, de l’hypertension et du profil lipidique. Malgré la publication de recommandations en 2007, aucune amélioration significative n’est constatée par rapport à 2005.
In this work 437 fish samples of species belonging to the families Myctophidae (Electrona risso and Diaphus metopoclampus) and Phosichthyidae (Vinciguerria attenuata) were examined for the presence ...of Anisakidae larvae. The study was performed with fishes in the central Mediterranean Sea, particularly in the Strait of Sicily and in the Strait of Messina. The visual inspection and chloro-peptic analysis revealed the presence of nematode parasites with prevalence values between 2.9% in Electrona risso samples and 5.4% in Vinciguerria attenuata samples. A positive correlation was found between standard length (SL) and prevalence of infestation in D. metopoclampus samples (p<0.05). The larvae examined were morphologically ascribed, at genus level, to Anisakis morphotypes I and II and molecularly identified as Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis ziphidarum and Anisakis physeteris, in 67%, 9% and 24% of the fish samples examined. Overall, A. pegreffii and A. ziphidarum larvae were isolated in 14 and 2 specimens of D. metopoclampus respectively, A. physeteris larvae were found in 3 E. risso and 2 V. attenuata. A positive correlation was found between standard length and prevalence of infestation in D. metopoclampus samples (p<0.05). First information is provided on the presence of Anisakis spp. larvae of the myctophid fish species E. risso, D. metopoclampus and V. attenuata from the Central Mediterranean. It is also confirmed the role of lanternfishes (Myctophidae) as paratenic hosts for Anisakis spp.
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•A total of 437 Myctophidae and Phosichthyidae fishes were examined for Anisakidae larvae detection.•21 Anisakidae larvae were found, with prevalence values between 2.9% and 5.4%.•A positive correlation was found between SL and prevalence in D. metopoclampus samples.•No co-infestation with other parasites was found.•The work reports for the first time the presence of Anisakidae larvae in the fish species examined.
A new Neural Network architecture for Time Series Classification Incardona, S.; Tripodo, G.; Buscemi, M. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
February 2023, 2023-02-00, Letnik:
1047
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Time Series Classification (TSC) is an important and challenging problem for many subject-matter domains and applications. It consists in assigning a class to a specific time series, recorded from ...sensors or live observations over time. TSC finds application in different fields, such as finance, medicine, robotics and physics. It can be used mainly for: Failure prediction, Anomaly detection, Pattern recognition and Alert generation. Here we present a new Neural Networks architecture, called Convolutional Echo State Network (CESN), to detect patterns and classify the univariate and multivariate time series. This architecture results from the combination of the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and the Echo State Networks (ESNs). CESN results are declared to be appropriate for the TSC tasks, both univariate and multivariate TS, while demonstrating a higher accuracy and sensitivity compared to previous tests with other existing algorithms. We applied this technique to the inertial sensors of a falling detection device.
Abstract
A new analysis of the data set from the Pierre Auger Observatory provides evidence for anisotropy in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays on an intermediate angular scale, ...which is indicative of excess arrivals from strong, nearby sources. The data consist of 5514 events above
with zenith angles up to 80° recorded before 2017 April 30. Sky models have been created for two distinct populations of extragalactic gamma-ray emitters: active galactic nuclei from the second catalog of hard
Fermi
-LAT sources (2FHL) and starburst galaxies from a sample that was examined with
Fermi
-LAT. Flux-limited samples, which include all types of galaxies from the
Swift
-BAT and 2MASS surveys, have been investigated for comparison. The sky model of cosmic-ray density constructed using each catalog has two free parameters, the fraction of events correlating with astrophysical objects, and an angular scale characterizing the clustering of cosmic rays around extragalactic sources. A maximum-likelihood ratio test is used to evaluate the best values of these parameters and to quantify the strength of each model by contrast with isotropy. It is found that the starburst model fits the data better than the hypothesis of isotropy with a statistical significance of 4.0
σ
, the highest value of the test statistic being for energies above
. The three alternative models are favored against isotropy with 2.7
σ
–3.2
σ
significance. The origin of the indicated deviation from isotropy is examined and prospects for more sensitive future studies are discussed.
The ARCADE (Atmospheric Research for Climate and Astroparticle DEtection) project is a 3 years project funded by MIUR, that aims to study the aerosol attenuation of UV light in atmosphere using ...multiple instruments and techniques, as those commonly used in the cosmic rays community: elastic Lidar, Raman Lidar, side-scattering measurements using a distant laser source. All measurements will be acquired on the same air mass at the same time, in a semi-desertic site near Lamar, Colorado (U.S.). For each instrument, multiple analysis techniques will be tested: the target is a better comprehension of the systematics and limits of applicability of each method. The system is composed by a Lidar (elastic+Raman), fully designed and built within this project, and by the Atmospheric Monitoring Telescope (AMT), a telescope for the detection of UV light owned by the Colorado School of Mines. The setup of the two instruments is described in detail here. The project is presently in its third year: the Lidar system has been tested at the University of L'Aquila in February 2014 before shipment to the U.S., and the AMT has been recently reinstalled and tested in Lamar (May 2014). In June/July 2014 the ARCADE group will work out the final setup of the Lidar+AMT system in Lamar and will begin data acquisition.
We present a detailed study of the large-scale anisotropies of cosmic rays with energies above 4 EeV measured using the Pierre Auger Observatory. For the energy bins 4, 8 EeV and E ≥ 8 EeV, the most ...significant signal is a dipolar modulation in R.A. at energies above 8 EeV, as previously reported. In this paper we further scrutinize the highest-energy bin by splitting it into three energy ranges. We find that the amplitude of the dipole increases with energy above 4 EeV. The growth can be fitted with a power law with index β = 0.79 0.19. The directions of the dipoles are consistent with an extragalactic origin of these anisotropies at all the energies considered. Additionally, we have estimated the quadrupolar components of the anisotropy: they are not statistically significant. We discuss the results in the context of the predictions from different models for the distribution of ultrahigh-energy sources and cosmic magnetic fields.
Abstract
Background
Computed tomography (CT) is a recognized method to assess body composition. The analysis of CT-scans at third lumbar vertebra level (L3-CT) allows to detect sarcopenia, which ...plays a negative prognostic role in patients undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI). Conversely, the effect of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), a pro-inflammatory and metabolically active organ associated with unfavorable cardiovascular outcomes, is still poorly explored.
Purpose
We investigated the association between preoperative VAT and 30-days and 1-year mortality in patients undergoing TAVI.
Methods
Anamnestic, laboratory and clinical data of patients who underwent TAVI in 2010-2020 were collected. Preoperative CT were analyzed to measure VAT area (cm2), normalized for stature obtaining VAT index (VATi, cm2/m2). The sample was classified according to VATi values into two groups: low VATi 1st quartile vs. high VATi 2nd to 4th quartiles. The two groups were compared by T-test for continuous variables (expressed as mean ± SD) and Chi-square test for categorical variables (expressed as%). Mortality analyses were performed through Kaplan-Meier curves with log rank test. To address for potential confounding factors a propensity score (1:1 matching)based on STS mortality score and Euroscore II values was calculated in order to create two comparable groups.
Results
We enrolled 168 patients (45.8%males), 150 of whom had CT images available. Mean value of VATi was 58.6±37.2cm2/m2(range1.7-172.3). Patients with higher VATi presented higher levels of glycemia (124±40vs111±23mg/dl,p=0.021), HbA1c (6±0.8vs.5.6± 0.5%,p=0.001) and neutrophils (5.4±2.7vs4.5±1.8x103/µl,p=0.028). No differences were found between the two groups in terms of age, CKD (GFR<30ml/min), previous stroke/myocardial infarction/ surgical or percutaneous revascularization, intra-hospital complications and presence of comorbidities such as cancer, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and COPD. Overall, 1-year and 30-days mortality were 16.1%and5.4%, respectively. High VATi group range25.9-172.3cm2/m2 presented higher 1-year mortality (19.5%vs5.4%,OR= 4.2, p=0.046) as compared with low VATi group range 1.7-25.7cm2/m2, while no significant differences were found in 30-days mortality (6.2%vs2.7%,p=0.421); survival curves are shown in Fig.1A and 1B. After propensity score creation, 37 pairs of patients were successfully matched; in the matched population, high VATi was significantly associated with a higher 1-year mortality (21.6%vs5.5%, p=0.041,Fig.2).
Conclusions
High levels of VATi are independently associated with a four-fold increased risk of 1-year mortality in patients treated by TAVI, possibly mediated by enhanced inflammatory status and augmented incidence of metabolic complications related with abundant abdominal VAT. Adding VAT evaluation to the scores currently used in clinical practice could help to optimize pre-operative risk stratification in patients undergoing TAVI.
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