Oil/chemical tanker ships carry a large volume of liquefied chemical cargoes in bulk condition. Chemical cargoes can be hazardous and most of them being flammable and/or toxic. It may pose acute ...dangers for human life and maritime environment. Risk assessment is of paramount importance to enhance operational safety and to protect environment for oil/chemical tanker ships. This paper aims at conducting an extensive risk analysis for oil/chemical tanker pollution due to leakage since the consequences can be fatal for human and marine environment. To accomplish this, fault tree analysis (FTA) is used. The failure occurrence probabilities of basic event (BE) of FT are calculated under fuzzy logic. The extended CREAM (Cognitive reliability and error analysis method) approach is used to determine human-oriented errors in FT since human error contributes the most to various types of maritime accidents. The outcomes of the paper can be helpful to minimize chemical leakage pollution risks and to improve operational safety in cargo loading/discharging process in oil/chemical tankers.
•Risk analysis for cargo tank cracking on oil/chemical tanker ship.•The Bow tie method for performing risk analysis is adopted under the Dempster–Shafer (D-S) evidence theory – Human Error Assessment ...and Reduction Technique (HEART).•Enhancing safety awareness about the risk of cargo tank cracking on oil/chemical tanker ships.
Oil/chemical tanker ships are designed to transport liquefied chemicals in a series of discrete cargo tanks. Even a minor crack in the cargo tanks can have catastrophic consequences financially, and for the marine environment and human life. For oil/chemical tanker shipping operations, risk analysis is of great importance to improve safety and minimise risk at the operational level during the transportation of chemical cargo. This paper focuses on the risk of cargo tank cracking on oil/chemical tanker ships. The robust bow-tie risk analysis method is adopted under the Dempster–Shafer (D-S) evidence theory – Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique (HEART) approach. In Bow-tie, which analyses the possible causes and consequences of failures, the top event is determined as the risk of cargo tank cracking on an oil/chemical tanker. The probabilities of basic events are calculated with D-S evidence-based HEART, where expert opinions are combined. Besides the theoretical contribution, the outputs of the paper provide practical contributions to oil/chemical tanker owners and operators, safety researchers, safety inspectors, and superintendents by providing the information needed to minimise the risk associated with cargo tank cracks in oil/chemical tankers.
In order to revitalize tourism, there are frequent attempts to introduce amphibious ships in the Republic of Korea. Overseas, amphibious ships are commercialized in the United States, United Kingdom, ...Australia, Singapore, Canada, etc. Safety cannot be verified in the Republic of Korea due to insufficient systems related to the inspection of amphibious ships. Therefore, in order to secure the safety of amphibious ships, this study presented standards for safe operation through investigations of domestic and foreign amphibious ships operating status and system status, and analysis of accidents related to domestic and foreign amphibious ships. This study proposed the provincial sea area, weather conditions, stability criteria, acquisition system of the number of boarding people, location of water ingress, and inspection period; however, a quantitative review of these criteria is suggested as a future research direction. If the amphibious ship safety implementations are achieved and can be commercialized through this study and further research, it is expected to vitalize the local economy by attracting tourists.
The ship recycling process is one of the most dangerous works performed in marine environments for not only human health but also marine environment and ecology due to the nature of the work. The ...process contains various hazards such as asbestos, heavy metal residues, pollutants, etc. for the marine environment. The aim of this paper is to systematically analyze ship recycling hazards and reveal potential consequences to the marine environment. To achieve this purpose, a holistic risk assessment incorporating failure mode effect critical analysis (FMECA) and Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory is adopted. Whilst the FMECA presents a systematic assessment of potential hazards and their consequences, the D-S evidence theory is capable of managing epistemic uncertainty in the assessment of risk parameters. The findings show that H6 (heavy metal residues) and H8 (toxins) have the highest RPN (risk priority number) which requires utmost attention for a sustainable ship recycling process in the maritime environment. The outcomes of the research provide valuable insight to maritime environment researchers, safety inspectors, and health safety environment and quality (HSEQ) managers for minimizing environmental hazards and enhance safety associated with the ship recycling process.
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