Synopsis We investigate the effects of confinement and electron correlation on the photoemission properties of Mg and Na− endohedrally sequestered in C60 versus C240. Cross sections and Wigner-Smith ...time delays for emissions from various electronic levels are computed and analyzed in time-dependent local density approximation.
Synopsis
We investigate the effects of confinement and electron correlation on the photoemission properties of Mg and Na
−
endohedrally sequestered in C
60
versus C
240
. Cross sections and ...Wigner-Smith time delays for emissions from various electronic levels are computed and analyzed in time-dependent local density approximation.
Six million stillbirths (SB) and early neonatal deaths (END) occur annually worldwide, mostly in rural settings distant from health facilities. We used verbal autopsy (VA), to understand causes of ...non-hospital, community-based SB and END from four low-income countries.
This prospective observational study utilized the train-the-trainer method. VA interviewers conducted standardized interviews; in each country data were reviewed by two local physicians who assigned an underlying causes of deaths (COD).
There were 252 perinatal deaths (118 END; 134 SB) studied from pooled data. Almost half (45%) the END occurred on postnatal day 1, 19% on the second day and 16% the third day. Major early neonatal COD were infections (49%), birth asphyxia (26%), prematurity (17%) and congenital malformations (3%). Major causes of SB were infection (37%), prolonged labor (11%), antepartum hemorrhage (10%), preterm delivery (7%), cord complications (6%) and accidents (5%).
Many of these SB and END were from easily preventable causes. Over 80% of END occurred during the first 3 days of postnatal life, and >90% were due to infection, birth asphyxia and prematurity. The causes of SB were more varied, and maternal infections were the most common cause. Increased attention should be targeting at interventions that reduce maternal and neonatal infections and prevent END, particularly during the first 3 days of life.
Determine the baseline incidence of birth asphyxia in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) survivors in a developing country and the early neurodevelopmental outcomes of such infants.
This ...cross-sectional, prospective study collected diagnostic and examination findings on all infants seen in the University of Zambia NICU follow-up clinic over a 4-week period.
Of the 182 infants, 42 (23%) had a clinical diagnosis of birth asphyxia. Of 42 infants with birth asphyxia, 13 (31%) had an abnormal neurologic examination during the clinic visit; in contrast, 13 of 141 infants without birth asphyxia (9%) had an abnormal examination (odds ratio 4.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.8, 10.4).
Birth asphyxia survivors account for almost a quarter of NICU survivors in a developing country and half of those with an abnormal neurologic examination. Studies are necessary to determine the percent of birth asphyxia survivors who have permanent motor and cognitive disabilities.
In this paper we discuss prime down-sets of a semilattice. We give a characterization of prime down-sets of a semilattice. We also give some characterizations of ...-distributive semilattices and a ...characterization of minimal prime ideals containing an ideal of a ...-distributive semilattice. Finally, we give a characterization of minimal prime ideals of a pseudocomplemented semilattice. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 06A12, 06A99, 06B10 (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)
A theoretical study of photoionization from the outermost orbitals of Be, Mg and Ca atoms endohedrally confined in C
60
is reported. The fullerene ion core, comprised of sixty C
4+
, is smudged into ...a continuous jellium charge distribution, while the delocalized cloud of carbon valence electrons
plus
the encaged atom are treated in the time-dependent local density approximation (TDLDA). Systematic evolution of the mixing of outer atomic level with states of the C
60
valence band is found along the sequence. This is found to influence the plasmonic enhancement of atomic photoionization at low energies and the geometry-revealing confinement oscillations at high energies in significantly different ways: (a) the extent of enhancement is mainly determined by the strength of atomic ionization, giving the strongest enhancement for Be even though Ca suffers the largest mixing. But (b) strongest collateral oscillations are uncovered for Ca, since, relative to Be and Mg, the mixing causes the highest photoelectron production at confining boundaries of Ca. The study paints the first comparative picture of the atomic valence photospectra for alkaline earth metallofullerenes in a dynamical many-electron framework.
Assessment of soil organic C (SOC) stocks is important for monitoring the effect of land use change in the C cycle and for formulation of C sequestration strategies in the context of global climate ...change. Discrepancies among the recent global SOC estimates by different researchers underscore the importance of precise estimation of the uncertainty associated with the SOC stocks. A method was recently proposed to estimate the SOC storage uncertainty using the Taylor series of approximations. Here we show that the accuracy of SOC storage uncertainty can be improved by incorporating the covariance among the input variables. Measurement of input variables from independent samples or use of an incomplete model leads to either over‐ or underestimation of the SOC storage uncertainty. The application of the method to an experimental data set indicated that ignoring covariance would lead to a substantial overestimate of the uncertainty.
The aim of the study was to find the effect of water regimes on soil sorptivity and humic components of organic matter. Physicochemical parameters were also determined. Steady state cumulative ...infiltration was the highest (60-100 mm) in non-irrigated upland soil and the lowest (8-10 mm) in waterlogged soil. The highest sorptivity of 4.0-4.5 mm min-1/2 was found in non-irrigated upland soil and the lowest in seasonally waterlogged soil (1.0-1.5 mm min-1/2). Organic carbon content of all soils was low (<1%), EC values were also low (< 4 dS m-1). Saturated moisture was high in waterlogged soil. The non-irrigated upland soils had a higher fraction of fulvic acid (0.15-0.2%), due to which they were more capable of infiltration, whereas waterlogged soils had a greater fraction of insoluble humic acid (0.29-0.35%) and exhibited less cumulative infiltration. Sorptivity decreased as the clay content, pH, EC, porosity and humic acid content of the soil increased.
Synopsis We perform time-dependent local density functional calculations of the time delay in C60 HOMO and HOMO-1 photoionization at giant plasmon energies. A semiclassical model is used to develop ...further insights.
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