The crystal packing structure-safety (usually represented by sensitivity) relationships of energetic materials (EMs) are requisite to set a basis for tailoring new ones with the desired safety by ...means of crystal engineering, because safety is one of the two most important properties of EMs for which there is always a high concern. Nevertheless, there is still no such relationship. This work proposes a straightforward and qualitative relationship between the packing structures and impact sensitivity of EMs, covering conventional EMs, energetic co-crystals, energetic solvates, and energetic ionic salts. Meanwhile, we propose a straightforward method to quickly identify the packing mode by the shape of the Hirshfeld surface and the distribution of the red dots on the surface of the molecule involved in an energetic crystal. As a result, we find that an EM with a packing structure of ready shear sliding tends to possess a low impact sensitivity, in combination with a high molecular stability. That is, a perfect face-to-face π-stacking, constructed by big π-bonded molecules together with strong intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding, is preferred to impact insensitive EMs; moreover, if the intermolecular interactions and their anisotropy in an energetic crystal are enhanced, its impact sensitivity is expected to be improved too. Hopefully, the proposed relationship will facilitate understanding of the sensitivity mechanism of existing EMs, and will contribute to set a basis for guiding new EM constructions by molecular and crystal designs.
The crystal packing structure-safety (usually represented by sensitivity) relationships of energetic materials (EMs) are requisite to set a basis for tailoring new ones with the desired safety by means of crystal engineering, because safety is one of the two most important properties of EMs for which there is always a high concern.
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•Expressions of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were observed in the extrapulmonary organs.•Direct infections of SARS-CoV-2 in extrapulmonary organs were observed in patients with COVID-19.•Clinical ...manifestation and management for extrapulmonary organ injuries in COVID-19 should be noticed.•There might be a relationship between the infection of extrapulmonary organs and positive SARS-CoV-2 test in recovered patients.
At the end of 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in China. Currently, it is breaking out globally and posing a serious threat to public health. The typically clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients were fever and respiratory symptoms, and a proportion of patients were accompanied by extrapulmonary symptoms including cardiac injury, kidney injury, liver injury, digestive tract injury, and neurological symptoms. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been proven to be a major receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and could mediate virus entry into cells. And transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) could cleave the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2, which facilitates the fusion of SARS-CoV-2 and cellular membranes. The mRNA expressions of both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were observed in the heart, digestive tract, liver, kidney, brain and other organs. SARS-CoV-2 may have a capacity to infect extrapulmonary organs due to the expressions of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the cells and tissues of these organs. It seems that there is a potential involvement of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expressions in the virus infection of extrapulmonary organs and the manifestation of symptoms related to these organs in patients with COVID-19. Here, we revealed the expressions of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in extrapulmonary organs, and we also summarized the clinical manifestation and the management of extrapulmonary complications in patients with COVID-19.
Cancer chemotherapy is advancing as we understand how cellular mechanisms and drugs interact, particularly involving the enzyme MGMT, which repairs DNA damage that can cause cancer. This review ...examines MGMT’s role in DNA repair, its impact on chemotherapy, and its complex interaction with radiation therapy. MGMT activity can both protect against mutations and cause drug resistance. Modulating MGMT could improve treatment efficacy and tailoring therapy to MGMT status may enhance patient outcomes. Understanding MGMT is crucial for developing precise cancer treatments and advancing patient care.
YAP/TEAD are nuclear effectors of the Hippo pathway, regulating organ size and tumorigenesis largely through promoter-associated function. However, their function as enhancer regulators remains ...poorly understood. Through an in vivo proximity-dependent labeling (BioID) technique, we identified YAP1 and TEAD4 protein as co-regulators of ERα on enhancers. The binding of YAP1/TEAD4 to ERα-bound enhancers is augmented upon E2 stimulation and is required for the induction of E2/ERα target genes and E2-induced oncogenic cell growth. Furthermore, their enhancer binding is a prerequisite for enhancer activation marked by eRNA transcription and for the recruitment of the enhancer activation machinery component MED1. The binding of TEAD4 on active ERE-containing enhancers is independent of its DNA-binding behavior, and instead, occurs through protein-tethering trans-binding. Our data reveal a non-canonical function of YAP1 and TEAD4 as ERα cofactors in regulating cancer growth, highlighting the potential of YAP/TEAD as possible actionable drug targets for ERα+ breast cancer.
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•YAP/TEAD non-canonically bind to a group of ERα-bound enhancers•YAP/TEAD are required for estrogen-induced transcription and breast cancer growth•YAP/TEAD regulate enhancer activation by controlling the recruitment of MED1•TEAD is recruited to ERα active enhancers through protein tethering trans-binding
ERα is a key transcription factor that binds to distal enhancers and regulates breast cancer-related gene expression events. Zhu et al. identify the Hippo pathway nuclear effectors YAP/TEAD as ERα cofactors and demonstrate their non-canonical role at the enhancer level to regulate enhancer activation, gene transcription, and breast cancer growth.
Both vonoprazan and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are currently used to treat artificial ulcers after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection. However, evidence-based medicine proving the efficacy ...of vonoprazan is still lacking. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of vonoprazan and PPIs for the treatment of artificial ulcers after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection.
The PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to September 2023 for related randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RCTs that compared the efficacy of vonoprazan and PPIs in treating artificial gastric ulcers after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection were included. Two independent reviewers screened the included studies, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. The following outcomes were extracted for comparison: ulcer healing rate, ulcer shrinkage rate, delayed postoperative bleeding rate, and ulcer perforation rate.
Nine randomized controlled trials involving 926 patients were included. The pooled results showed that vonoprazan had a significantly lower rate of delayed postoperative bleeding than did PPIs (RR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.23-0.91; P = 0.03). No significant differences were found in terms of ulcer healing, shrinkage rates, or ulcer perforation rates between vonoprazan and PPIs.
Compared with PPIs, vonoprazan is superior at reducing delayed postoperative bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection. However, further studies are needed to prove the efficacy of vonoprazan.
Identifier CRD42024509227.
The problem of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is investigated for co-prime array, where the co-prime array consists of two uniform sparse linear subarrays with extended inter-element spacing. ...For each sparse subarray, true DOAs are mapped into several equivalent angles impinging on the traditional uniform linear array with half-wavelength spacing. Then, by applying the estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT), the equivalent DOAs are estimated, and the candidate DOAs are recovered according to the relationship among equivalent and true DOAs. Finally, the true DOAs are estimated by combining the results of the two subarrays. The proposed method achieves a better complexity-performance tradeoff as compared to other existing methods.
•The ISM and MICMAC methods were used to establish a hierarchical structure of the low-carbon financial risks.•Based on the grounded theory, we identified 10 core low-carbon financial risk factors in ...the Belt and Road PPP Project.•The risk databases of BRI need to be established, and ensure green investment efficiency.
A public-private partnership (PPP) project is a complex system with several stakeholders. The Green Belt and Road Initiative PPP project, in particular, entails multinational cooperation; therefore, the risks associated with this project are more complex and varied. Based on the grounded theory, this study identified 10 core low-carbon financial risk factors that could potentially derail the project. The Interpretive Structural Modeling methods were used to establish a hierarchical structure of the risks involved. The results show a strong correlation among the risk factors. The risk databases of the BRI need to be established, in order to ensure efficient green investments.
Based on the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS2016) data, this study empirically tests the impact of population aging on household consumption. The results show that population aging promotes the ...basic living consumption expenditure of most households and inhibits the enjoyment or development consumption expenditure of most households. At the same time, low-level consumer families are more affected by population aging and income than high-level consumer families. Moreover, the impact of population aging on developmental consumption varies among families with different income levels, especially in medical and health expenditures. The higher the family income level, the smaller the impact. Finally, this study puts forward suggestions such as improving the social security mechanism, improving the level of education, releasing the consumption potential of the elderly, improving the consumption level, and promoting consumption upgrading.
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