To evaluate and quantify the association between physical activity (PA) and risk of breast cancer.
A systematic review meta-analysis was conducted. The literature was independently and manually ...searched by 2 reviewers through 3 English databases (PubMed, Embase, and ISI Web of Science) for data till October 2017. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Fixed-effects models were used to estimate the pooled relative risk and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Dose–response analysis was chosen for quantifying the association between PA and risk of breast cancer. The Begg test and the Egger test were used to estimate potential publication bias. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated with I2 statistics.
The meta-analysis included 38 cohort studies published between 1994 and 2017, which included 68 416 breast cancer cases. The overall relative risk (ORR) for breast cancer was 0.87 (95% CI 0.84-0.90). The inverse association was consistent among all subgroup analyses. In subgroup analysis by menopausal status, the ORR of breast cancer was 0.83 (95% CI 0.79-0.87) for premenopausal status and 0.91 (95% CI 0.85-0.97) for postmenopausal status. In subgroup analysis by PA type, the ORR for total activity was 0.87 (95% CI 0.81-0.93), for recreational activity 0.88 (95% CI 0.85-0.91), for occupational activity 0.91 (95% CI 0.84-0.99), and for nonoccupational activity 0.87 (95% CI 0.83-0.92). The risk of breast cancer was significantly lower in people with exposure periods longer than 1 year and less than 5 years (ORR 0.62; 95% CI 0.46-0.78), followed by those with lifetime activity (ORR 0.81; 95% CI 0.69-0.93). The ORR for subjects with body mass index of less than 25 kg/m2 (0.88; 95% CI 0.83-0.93) was close to that for subjects with body mass index of more than 25 kg/m2 (0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.97). A linear relationship was found between breast cancer risk and PA (recreational activity and total activity), and the ORR was reduced by 3% (95% CI 0.95-0.99) for every 10 metabolic equivalent of energy hours per week increment in recreational PA and by 2% (95% CI 0.97-0.99) for every 10 metabolic equivalent of energy hours per week increment in total PA.
PA is significantly associated with a decrease in the risk of breast cancer.
•Many studies found that physical activity (PA) is significantly associated with a decrease in the risk of breast cancer, and so did this study.•We also quantified the effect of PA, and so a dose–response analysis was chosen in our study.•All the studies we included were cohort studies, which could reduce bias.•To study the relationship between PA and breast cancer risk, which has a positive effect on breast cancer prevention.
Osteosarcoma is a relatively rare malignant tumor with a high incidence in young people. The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has brought the treatment of osteosarcoma into a new stage. ...Apatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor specifically targeting VEGFR2, has been increasingly reported as a treatment for osteosarcoma with promising outcome parameters, but there has been no systematic analysis of the treatment of osteosarcoma by apatinib.
A single-arm meta-analysis was performed, and published literature from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wan Fang databases as of March 1, 2021 was systematically retrieved. Quality assessment is carried out in accordance with a 20 item checklist form prepared by the Institute of Health Economics (IHE). Double arcsine transformation is performed to stabilize the variance of the original ratio. When I
> 50%, the random effect model is used to calculate the pooled parameters; otherwise, the fixed effect model is used. We conducted subgroup analysis according to age and apatinib dose.
This meta-analysis included 11 studies of 356 Chinese patients with osteosarcoma. The pooled objective remission rate (ORR) of advanced or metastatic osteosarcoma treated by oral apatinib in Chinese patients was 0.27(95%CI = 0.18-0.38). The pooled disease control rate (DCR) was 0.57 (95%CI = 0.42-0.72). The pooled median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median total survival (mOS) were 5.18 months (95%CI = 4.03-6.33) and 10.87 months (95% CI = 9.40-12.33), respectively. More than 70% of adverse reactions were mild, the most common adverse reaction was hand-foot syndrome (HFMD), with an incidence of 0.46 (95%CI = 0.35-0.58), the second was hypertension, with an incidence of 0.40 (95%CI = 0.29-0.51).
The efficacy of apatinib in the treatment of osteosarcoma is competitive with current evidence, and it is worth noting that its low cost can significantly improve patient compliance and increase therapeutic value.
Global countries are suffering from a shortage of health professionals. Turnover intention is closely related to job satisfaction and burnout, making good use of these relationships could alleviate ...the crisis. Our research aims to examine the mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between burnout and turnover intention.
This research was conducted in Huangpi, China. The convenience sampling method and self-administereded questionnaires were used. 1370 of valid samples were collected with 97.72% effective rate. Descriptive analyses were conducted to describe social demographic factors. The structural equation model (SEM) was performed to adjust model fitting, and the mediation effect test was carried out by using the bootstrap method. Sobel-Z test was used to verify the significance of mediation effect.
The mean age was 36.98 (SD = 9.84). The fitting indices of hypothetical model are not good. After the adjustments, χ
/df = 5.590, GFI = 0.932, AGFI = 0.901, CFI = 0.977, NFI = 0.973, IFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.970, RESEA = 0.058. The revised model fitted well, and the SEM was put up by using the bootstrap method. The mediating effect is partial, and Soble-Z test indicates that the mediation effect is significant. Burnout is negatively correlated with job satisfaction (p < 0.01) and the standardized path coefficient is - 0.41. Job satisfaction is also negatively correlated with turnover intention (p < 0.01) and the standardized path coefficient is - 0.18. Burnout is positively correlated with turnover intention (p < 0.01) and the standardized path coefficient is 0.83.
Job satisfaction is a mediating variable that affects the relationship between burnout and turnover intention. The mediating effect was a partial mediating effect and has a low impact of 7.4%. Improving treatment and giving more promotion opportunities for workers to improve job satisfaction, conducting career planning course and paying attention to employee psychological health to reduce job burnout. The above measures may be helpful to reduce employee turnover rate and alleviating the current situation of a shortage of health personnel in China.
Shape restricted statistical estimation problems have been extensively studied, with many important practical applications in signal processing, bioinformatics, and machine learning. In this paper, ...we propose and study a generalized nearly isotonic optimization (GNIO) model, which recovers, as special cases, many classic problems in shape constrained statistical regression, such as isotonic regression, nearly isotonic regression and unimodal regression problems. We develop an efficient and easy-to-implement dynamic programming algorithm for solving the proposed model whose recursion nature is carefully uncovered and exploited. For special
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-GNIO problems, implementation details and the optimal
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running time analysis of our algorithm are discussed. Numerical experiments, including the comparisons among our approach, the powerful commercial solver Gurobi, and existing fast algorithms for solving
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-GNIO and
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-GNIO problems, on both simulated and real data sets, are presented to demonstrate the high efficiency and robustness of our proposed algorithm in solving large scale GNIO problems.
Agarwood is the fragrant resin-infused wood derived from the wounded trees of Aquilaria species. It is a valuable non-timber forest product used in fragrances and as medicine. Reforestation for ...Aquilaria trees in combination with artificial agarwood-inducing methods serves as a way to supply agarwood and conserve of wild Aquilaria stock. However, the existing agarwood-inducing methods produce poor-quality agarwood at low yield. Our study evaluated a novel technique for producing agarwood in cultivated Aquilaria trees, called the whole-tree agarwood-inducing technique (Agar-Wit). Ten different agarwood inducers were used for comparison of Agar-Wit with three existing agarwood-inducing methods. For Aquilaria trees treated with these ten inducers, agarwood formed and spread throughout the entire tree from the transfusion point in the trunk to the roots and branches of the whole tree. Agarwood yield per tree reached 2,444.83 to 5,860.74 g, which is 4 to 28 times higher than that by the existing agarwood-inducing methods. Furthermore, this agarwood derived from Agar-Wit induction was found to have a higher quality compared with the existing methods, and similar to that of wild agarwood. This indicates Agar-Wit may have commercial potential. Induction of cultivated agarwood using this method could satisfy the significant demand for agarwood, while conserving and protecting the remaining wild Aquilaria trees.
Only when Aquilaria spp. or Gyrinops spp. trees are wounded, due to insect attack, or microbial invasion, agarwood can be successfully induced. In the present study, a fungus which can induce ...agarwood formation efficiently was isolated and a suitable method for its application to induce agarwood formation was developed. Rigidoporus vinctus was isolated from the inner layers from infectious A. sinensis trees. When the fermentation liquid of fungi inoculated back to A. sinensis tree, agarwood was found to be induced. In addition, a novel method called trunk surface agarwood-inducing technique (Agar-Sit) was developed to produce agarwood with R. vinctus. The alcohol soluble extract content of the agarwood, up to 38.9%, far higher than the requirement (10%) in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the six characteristic compounds of agarwood used as Chinese Medicinal Materials were all detected. Their relative percentages of the sesquiterpenes in the essential oil were 22.76%. This is the first report of the Agar-Sit and also the application of R. vinctus in agarwood induction. According to the results, when the combination of Agar-Sit and R. vinctus is used agarwood can be induced with high yield and good quality.
Due to the flexible structures and vulnerable coordination bonds, hydrolytic stability of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a critical issue for practical use. Besides the collapse of MOF structures ...by water intrusion, herein, we found that phase transformation among MOF isomers (viz., t-Ln-BTC, m-Ln-BTC, and c-Ln-BTC) can be triggered by water/organic solvent soaking. In isostructural Ln-BTC, different Ln cations (Ce3+, Y3+, or their combination) affected the hydrolytic robustness of the frameworks by altering the bonding strength of Ln-O. In addition, the Ln-BTC isomers can serve as host materials to immobilize AuPd alloy nanoparticles for the catalytic benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction in aqueous solution, wherein, the catalytic performance increased in the order of m-Ln-BTC/Au-Pd < c-Ln-BTC/Au-Pd < t-Ln-BTC/Au-Pd. Nevertheless, the poor recyclability of t-Ln-BTC/Au-Pd was caused by the phase transformation of t-Ln-BTC to less porous m-Ln-BTC during the catalytic reaction. Strikingly, the hydrolytic robustness and catalytic recyclability of c-Y-BTC/Au-Pd were even better than the carbon-coating samples using thermal treatment (a routine strategy reported in the literature). Our results have demonstrated that the coordination environments between lanthanide ions and ligands have a significant effect on the structural stability, which can prevent the attack of water molecules and consequently protect the constituent metal-ligand bonds.
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•Phase transformation among Ln-MOFs was triggered by solvent soaking which exhibited different hydrolytic stability.•Tetragonal Ln-BTC was converted to monoclinic Ln-BTC after water soaking, accompany with a decreased surface area.•Coordination environments of Ln-BTC affect both hydrolytic robustness and catalytic performance of the supported catalyst•c-Ln-BTC/Au-Pd catalysts showed good recyclability in the benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction during ten consecutive runs.
We aimed to explore factors affecting family health management during home quarantine as well as the effects of variations in family health management (FHM) on individuals' health status.
Using ...stratified random sampling, 618 families in Wuhan as well as cities within its surrounding provinces were recruited and surveyed online. Latent class variables were extracted from four modules: disinfection, space layout, physical exercise, and food reserves. The analysis was conducted using the poLCA package in R software (v.4.1.0). Chi-squared tests, Fisher's exact tests, and non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare groups as appropriate.
We found an overall questionnaire reliability of 0.77 and a total omega of 0.92, indicating that the survey results were credible. The Bayesian information criterion and Akaike information criterion were used to identified four latent class variables, namely latent non-family health management (18.9%) and latent low, medium, and advanced FHM (30.93%, 29.49%, and 20.59%, respectively). Gender, household income level, body mass index, the presence of a nearby community hospital, and self-rated health status showed statistically significant differences with respect to latent FHM. Moreover, we found a statistically significant difference in emotional reactions when comparing latent advanced and low to mid-level latent FHM. Compared with latent non-family health managers, we detected statistically significant differences in individual energy levels between potential family health managers at latent low and medium levels. Additionally, we found statistically significant differences in individual energy levels between latent advanced and low level family health managers.
We found that multiple factors, including gender, household income, and body mass index, were correlated with latent FHM during home quarantine. We conclude that FHM can meaningfully improve individuals' health. Thus, increasing social support for individuals can improve FHM as well as individuals' health during home quarantine.
ObjectivesTo explore the association between the number of teeth and frailty among older Chinese adults using a nationally representative sample.DesignCross-sectional analysis was carried out using ...the 2014 wave data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, which used a targeted random-sampling design.SettingThis research was conducted in communities from nearly half of the counties and cities in 22 out of 31 provinces throughout China.ParticipantsOf the 6934 interviewees aged ≥65 years, the final analysis included 3635 older adults who had completed the 2014 wave survey on the variables included in the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresOutcome variables included frailty, measured by the Frailty Index, and number of teeth. Covariates included demographic characteristics (ie, age, sex, co-residence, marital status, years of education and financial support), body mass index (BMI) and health behaviours (ie, smoking, drinking and exercise). A univariate logistic regression was used to test the factors associated with frailty. A multiple logistic regression model was used, using the frailty score as the dependent variable and the number of teeth together with significant covariates as the independent variables.ResultsThe prevalence of frailty was 27.68%. The mean number of teeth present was 9.23 (SD=10.03). The multiple logistic regression showed that older adults’ demographic variables, health behaviours, BMI, tooth number and chewing pain were significantly associated with frailty. After adjusting for the covariates, older adults with fewer teeth had significantly higher odds of frailty than those with 20 or more teeth (no teeth: OR=2.07, 95% CI 1.53 to 2.80; 1 to 10 teeth: OR=1.77, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.38), except for older adults with 11 to 20 teeth (OR=1.30, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.82).ConclusionsThe presence of fewer teeth is significantly associated with frailty status among older Chinese adults. Future studies are needed to explain the specific mechanisms underlying how oral health status is associated with frailty.
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play essential roles in the cell proliferation, fission and differentiation, involving various processes in humans. Recently, there is more ...and more interest in exploring the relationship between lncRNAs and tumors. Many latest evidences revealed that LINC00467, an oncogenic lncRNA, is highly expressed in lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, glioblastoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and other malignant tumors. Besides, LINC00467 expression was linked with proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis via the regulation of target genes and multiple potential pathways. We reviewed the existing data on the expression, downstream targets, molecular mechanisms, functions, relevant signaling pathways, and clinical implications of LINC00467 in various cancers. LINC00467 may serve as a novel biomarker or therapeutic target for the diagnosis and prognosis of various human tumors.
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