Unlike the dominant but simplified view of previous scholarship that Chrysostom stands in opposition to Roman property law, his attitude towards Roman law concerning property ownership is quite ...complicated. Insisting on the belief that things are created for common use and God is the ultimate owner of the world, Chrysostom denies various modes of property acquisition approved by Roman law (inheritance, thesauri inventio, and specificatio ) to be righteous, but when clarifying the limited and inferior human right over things in comparison with that of God, he never hesitates to use the Roman legal terms χρῆσις and δεσποτεία. Moreover, based on the conviction that the worldly economic order derives from divine providence, he confines his enumeration of the things shared in common mainly to the Res communes and Res publicae or Res universitatis under Roman law and persuades his audience to help those in need with the wealth temporarily under their stewardship. As a rhetorical strategy, Chrysostom’s use and manipulation of Roman legal language and thought aimed to promote almsgiving
The analytical solutions of complex dynamic PRO systems pose challenges to ensuring that maximum power can be harvested in stable, rapid, and efficient ways in response to varying operational ...environments. In this paper, a boosted particle swarm optimization (BPSO) method with enhanced essential coefficients is proposed to enhance the exploration and exploitation stages in the optimization process. Moreover, several state-of-the-art techniques are utilized to evaluate the proposed BPSO of scaled-up PRO systems. The competitive results revealed that the proposed method improves power density by up to 88.9% in comparison with other algorithms, proving its ability to provide superior performance with complex and computationally intensive derivative problems. The analysis and comparison of the popular and recent metaheuristic methods in this study could provide a reference for the targeted selection method for different applications.
Infectious diseases remain a serious global challenge threatening human health. Oral infectious diseases, a major neglected global problem, not only affect people's lifestyles but also have an ...intimate association with systemic diseases. Antibiotic therapy is a common treatment. However, the emergence of new resistance problems hindered and enhanced the complication of the treatment. Currently, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has long been the topic of intense interest due to the advantage of being minimally invasive, low toxicity, and high selectivity. aPDT is also becoming increasingly popular and applied in treating oral diseases such as tooth caries, pulpitis, periodontal diseases, peri-implantitis, and oral candidiasis. Photothermal therapy (PTT), another phototherapy, also plays an important role in resisting resistant bacterial and biofilm infections. In this mini-review, we summarize the latest advances in photonics-based treatments of oral infectious diseases. The whole review is divided into three main parts. The first part focuses on photonics-based antibacterial strategies and mechanisms. The second part presents applications for photonics-based treatments of oral infectious diseases. The last part discusses present problems in current materials and future perspectives.
Improving the efficacy and dependability of aeroengines requires timely and effective sensor fault diagnosis. Deep learning-based fault diagnosis method is a current research hotspot. To overcome ...some of the method's existing shortcomings and improve the reliability of fault diagnosis, this paper proposes a novel intelligent fault diagnosis framework with higher quality features and more effective fault classifiers. The proposed plan includes three stages. Firstly, multidomain features (time and frequency domain features) are extracted to describe the sensor's health from several dimensions. Secondly, the advanced Henry gas solubility optimization algorithm (HGSO) is applied to improve classification accuracy through feature selection, and the operating conditions and the features extracted by the network are fused as fault indicators. Finally, an adaptive deep belief network (ADBN) with relu-softsign combination activation layers, variable learning rate, and optimized network structure is proposed as the fault identifier. The advantages of the first two stages lie in the complete utilization of information and reducing the data dimension. In addition, the detection performance and the convergence speed is enhanced by the proposed ADBN. The experimental data are derived from a combination of measured and simulated data generated from the aeroengine model. The experimental results indicate that the improved method can produce better performance and outcomes than the unimproved methods for all fault scenarios, with a higher diagnostic accuracy of 98.1% and a reduced time of 98 s. The efforts of this study provide a efficient and adaptable way to aeroengine sensor fault diagnosis.
ATM inhibitors, such as 7, have demonstrated the antitumor potential of ATM inhibition when combined with DNA double-strand break-inducing agents in mouse xenograft models. However, the properties of ...7 result in a relatively high predicted clinically efficacious dose. In an attempt to minimize attrition during clinical development, we sought to identify ATM inhibitors with a low predicted clinical dose (<50 mg) and focused on strategies to increase both ATM potency and predicted human pharmacokinetic half-life (predominantly through the increase of volume of distribution). These efforts resulted in the discovery of 64 (AZD0156), an exceptionally potent and selective inhibitor of ATM based on an imidazo4,5-cquinolin-2-one core. 64 has good preclinical phamacokinetics, a low predicted clinical dose, and a high maximum absorbable dose. 64 has been shown to potentiate the efficacy of the approved drugs irinotecan and olaparib in disease relevant mouse models and is currently undergoing clinical evaluation with these agents.
As the demand for low-cost rapid preparation techniques for RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) fabric tags is increasing, embroidery technologists have attempted to fabricate tag antennas. ...However, the effects of stitch structures on the performance of tag antennas have rarely been studied. Since the structure of an embroidered stitch is related to the embroidering process parameters and embroidery thread, this study chose a common stitch trace type to prepare two sets of UHF RFID tag antennae by changing the embroidery thread structure and stitch length, and then the electrical and gain properties of these antennas were analyzed. And again, the reading performance of the corresponding tag was evaluated. The results showed that the antennas embroidered with copper/PET wrapped yarns have higher energy transfer efficiency than those with single copper wire yarns. When the stitch length increases from 0.9 to 5 mm, the read range of the embroidered tag firstly increases and then decreases, due to the large embroidering process deviation of the tag antenna geometry, and the optimal stitch length for the read range is 1.7 mm, where the read range is 12.95 m. When the stitch length is 5 mm, the read range is minimum – 9.56 m. In summary, this study determined the embroidered thread structure and the process design of the stitch length in terms of the performance of a fabric-based embroidery antenna for an RFID tag as well as the read range.
For exploring the application of graphene nano-composite, graphene is combined with other nano-materials to develop a new graphene nano-composite with high conductivity, good biocompatibility and ...strong affinity for enzymes, which improved the working performance of sensors in human motion sensing. Graphene oxide (GO) is prepared by using Hummers and offeman methods, and graphene is prepared from graphene oxide with glucose as a reducing agent. On the basis of electro-deposition of Prussian blue chitosan (PB-CS) film modified gold electrode, a new nano material graphene is introduced, and glucose oxidase as a model enzyme, a glucose biosensor based on RGO/PB-CS nano-composite is constructed. The research results showed that the sensor constructed has higher sensitivity, lower detection limit and smaller apparent Michaelis constant. To sum up, the combination of graphene and Prussian blue chitosan effectively promoted the electron transfer between the electrode surface and the analytical substrate, and improved the working performance of the sensor, which has potential application value in human motion sensing.
Inhaled corticosteroids reduce inflammation in asthma but chronic use may cause adverse effects. AZD7594, an inhaled non-steroidal selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator, has the potential of an ...improved risk-benefit profile. We investigated the safety and efficacy of AZD7594 in asthma.
This phase 2a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study enrolled adults with asthma aged 18 to 75 years. Patients were treated with budesonide 200 μg twice daily for 2-3 3 weeks (run in part one). If controlled, as demonstrated by an asthma control questionnaire-5 score of < 1.5, patients entered a three-week run-in (part two) where they received a short acting bronchodilator alone. Thereafter, patients with a fractional exhaled nitric oxide (F
NO) ≥25 ppb and pre-dose FEV
40 to 90% predicted were randomized to one of nine treatment sequences. Each patient received placebo and two of three dose levels of AZD7594 (58, 250, 800 μg) once daily via inhalation, in 14-day treatment periods, separated by three-week washout periods. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in morning trough FEV
versus placebo on day 15. Secondary endpoints included measures of airway inflammation and asthma control.
Fifty-four patients were randomized and received at least 1 dose of treatment, 48 patients completed the study. Overall 52 patients received placebo, 34 received AZD7594 58 μg, 34 received AZD7594 250 μg, and 34 received AZD7594 800 μg. AZD7594 800 μg demonstrated a significant improvement in Day 15 morning trough FEV
versus placebo (LS means difference 0.148 L 95% CI 0.035-0.261, p = 0.011), with a dose-dependent response seen in the 250 μg (0.076 L -0·036-0·188, p = 0.183) and 58 μg (0·027 L -0·086-0·140, p = 0.683). All secondary endpoints showed statistically significant improvement at the 800 μg dose. All doses demonstrated a significant reduction in F
NO at day 15 p < 0.01. No statistically significant difference in plasma cortisol level was observed between AZD7594 and placebo at any dose. AZD7594 was considered safe and well tolerated.
Two-week treatment with AZD7594 demonstrated a favorable risk-benefit profile in patients with mild to moderate asthma. Further clinical studies are needed to fully characterize AZD7594.
ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02479412 .
9Cr ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steels with 0 and 0.3wt.% yttrium (Y) addition were fabricated via vacuum casting technique and were creep tested at 650°C and 120MPa. The creep property of 9Cr F/M ...steel was improved by the addition of yttrium. Even though the initial creep rates of 9Cr-0Y and 9Cr-0.3Y were almost the same, the creep rupture life of 9Cr-0.3Y specimen was extended about 2˜3 times with the longer steady state creep stage and the lower minimum creep rate than 9Cr-0Y specimen. The coarsening of grains and martensitic laths occurred during creep, and M23C6 carbides, MX/M2X-type carbonitrides and Fe2W/Mo Laves phase were identified along the boundary in both specimens. For 9Cr-0.3Y, the nano-sized oxide clusters were formed during creep, because of the diffusion and local segregation of the dissolved yttrium and oxygen atoms at high temperature and with the promotion of creep stress. The softening of microstructure recovery is compensated by the dispersion strengthening of nano-particles and the balance of them was the reason of longer steady state creep stage of the creep curves.
Vacuum induction melting (VIM) & casting is not a common but a promising approach to produce ODS steel with large volume and high throughput. Meanwhile, the Y-bearing particles in the cast ODS steel ...presented various chemical compositions and wide size distribution. Thus it is important and necessary to clarify the Y-bearing particle characteristics in the cast ODS steel. To determine the distribution characteristics, chemical compositions, crystal structure and size distribution of the Y-bearing particles, CNS-I-ODS was fabricated by adding 1.0 wt.% metallic yttrium into the molten China Nuclear Steel (CNS) during VIM. The results indicated that some banding structures comprised of yttrium oxides and Y-bearing intermetallic compounds formed along rolling direction. XRD, SEM, TEM and EDS demonstrated that yttrium oxides with the size of 550–900 nm were consisted of Y2O3 and Y(O, C) phases while Y-bearing intermetallic compounds with the size of 26–500 nm were consisted of Fe-Y and Y-W-Ta phases. Besides, Y addition also facilitated the formation of δ-ferrite, refinement of prior austenite grains and precipitation of carbides. Furthermore, it is acceptable that the CNS-I-ODS exhibited similar elongation of 22.7–23.5%, slightly lower strength of 622 MPa and higher ductile-brittle transition temperature of −42 °C compared to the Y-free steel, although some large yttrium oxides were distributed in the former matrix.
PDF
