To retrospectively analyze the use of artificial pneumoperitoneum in CT scans, to explore its operation methods and technical points, and to lay the foundation for the widespread application of ...artificial pneumoperitoneum in CT. A total of 331 patients who underwent artificial pneumoperitoneum with CT angiography from January 1, 2013, to November 1, 2019, were recruited. All patients underwent standardized artificial pneumoperitoneum in the horizontal, left and right lateral, and prone positions during CT thin-layer scans of the abdomen and 3D reconstruction. Taking the surgical results as the gold standard, and using kappa test to verify the consistency of surgical results and imaging results. In all 331 patients, 43 patients had a normal peritoneal space, and 288 patients had an abnormal peritoneal space. And only 22 patients developed complications of subcutaneous emphysema, accounting for 6.6% of all 331 patients. In terms of the postoperative results, 28 were normal, and 303 were abnormal. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CT diagnosis of abdominal adhesions using artificial pneumoperitoneum were 100%, 95.04%, and 95.46%, respectively. According to the Kappa consistency test, the imaging diagnosis from the CT scan with artificial pneumoperitoneum had a high consistency with the surgical results (kappa = 0.796, P < 0.05). The technique of artificial pneumoperitoneum CT is safe, reliable, highly practical, and proficient for obtaining good imaging results. It provides a good imaging basis for the diagnosis of intra-abdominal diseases, especially intra-abdominal adhesions.
Aims
Acyl‐CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSL4) is closely related to tumor genesis and development in certain tissues. However, the function of ACSL4 in early brain injury (EBI) caused ...by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression patterns and role of ACSL4 in SAH and post‐SAH EBI using a rat model of SAH.
Methods
The rat model of SAH was induced by autologous blood injection into the prechiasmatic cistern of rats. We also used two specific inhibitors of ferroptosis (Ferrostatin‐1 and Liproxstatin‐1) to investigate the role of ferroptosis in EBI.
Results
We found that ACSL4 levels in brain tissue increased significantly in post‐SAH EBI. Inhibiting the expression of ACSL4 using small interfering RNAs alleviated inflammation, blood‐brain barrier (BBB) impairment, oxidative stress, brain edema, and behavioral and cognitive deficits, and increased the number of surviving neurons, after SAH. Similar effects were obtained by suppressing ferroptosis.
Conclusions
ACSL4 exacerbated SAH‐induced EBI by mediating ferroptosis. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for potential therapy aimed at alleviating post‐SAH EBI.
ACSL4 levels in brain tissue of rats increase significantly in EBI and brain damage after SAH could be reduced by down‐regulation of ACSL4. ACSL4 could trigger ferroptosis and aggravate brain damage via catalyzing lipid metabolism. It may provide a theoretical basis for potential therapy to alleviate EBI after SAH
For the first time, we demonstrate a Ti-MOF (Ti-metal organic framework) single-crystal featuring an intracrystal macro-microporous hierarchy (Hier-NTU-9) by a vapor-assisted polymer-templated ...method. This Hier-NTU-9 possesses macropores (100-1000 nm) derived from polymer templates and enhanced transport ability of bulky molecules, exhibiting almost double the desulfurization activity compared to the conventional NTU-9.
For the first time, a Ti-MOF (NTU-9) single-crystal featuring an intracrystal macro-microporous hierarchy is obtained by a novel vapor-assisted polymer-templated method, exhibiting excellent catalytic oxidative desulfurization performance.
This study proposes an object detection algorithm based on the improved YOLOv5 network for the uncivilized behavior of reclining public chair, which often occurs in cities. The current object ...detection field is studied by a single object. For the behavior of a lying public chair, the object to be measured is composed of two parts: the chair and the human posture jointly. Furthermore, the features of the object will show a large variability under different shooting angles, so the model’s ability to extract features of the object is extremely important. This paper incorporates the Ghost module based on the YOLOv5 network to enable the model to learn more object features. The Ghost makes the neural network lighter by using linear convolution instead of nonlinear convolution, and its generated redundant features can help the model learn more object features and improve the model performance. In addition, this paper uses a new loss function EIoU to replace the original loss function CIoU. By comparison, EIoU solves the problem that CIoU fails in penalty terms under specific conditions. EIoU enables the model to converge faster and better. After experimental validation on the test set, it is shown that the improved YOLO network improves F1 by 3.5% and mAP by 4.2% compared to the original algorithm.
Carbon materials have a very wide range of applications in the field of electrocatalysis, both as catalyst bodies and as excellent supports for catalysts. In this work, we obtained a graphitic-like ...orange-peel derived carbon (OPC) material through pre-carbonization and KOH activation strategies using discarded orange-peel as a raw material. OPC has good graphitization characteristics and a few-layer structure, making it very suitable as a support for nanoparticle catalysts. In order to compare the performance of OPC, we used commercial graphene as the benchmark, made two carbon materials uniformly loaded with ruthenium nanoparticles under the same conditions, and obtained two HER catalysts (Ru/OPC and Ru/rGO). The results indicate that Ru/OPC has excellent HER catalytic performance under alkaline conditions, not only superior to Ru/rGO, but also surpassing commercial Pt/C. In 1 M KOH; the overpotential of Ru/OPC is only 3 mV at −10 mA cm
−2
, greatly exceeding those of Ru/rGO (100 mV) and Pt/C (31 mV). Under high current density (
j
), the performance of Ru/OPC is even better; the overpotential is 79 mV and 136 mV at −100 mA cm
−2
and −200 mA cm
−2
, respectively. More importantly, Ru/OPC also has a very high TOF and long-term stability, with a TOF of up to 10.62 H
2
s
−1
at an overpotential of 100 mV and almost no attenuation after 72 h of operation at −50 mA cm
−2
. Ru/OPC also exhibits good catalytic performance under acidic conditions, significantly superior to that of Ru/rGO. For Ru/OPC, the overpotential is 86 mV, 167 mV and 214 mV at −10 mA cm
−2
, −100 mA cm
−2
and −200 mA cm
−2
, respectively. Under the same conditions, the overpotential of Ru/rGO is 143 mV, 253 mV and 306 mV at −10 mA cm
−2
, −100 mA cm
−2
and −200 mA cm
−2
, respectively.
A carbon-supported low content ruthenium nanoparticle HER catalyst derived from discarded orange-peel exhibits excellent catalytic performance in alkaline electrolytes, greatly surpassing commercial Pt/C.
This paper describes a video coding technology proposal submitted by MediaTek in April 2018 in response to a joint call for proposals (CfP) issued by ITU-T VCEG and ISO/IEC MPEG. The proposal uses ...the conventional block-based hybrid coding approach with a breakthrough design of block structure, substantial improvements of coding tools, and new inventions of loop filtering techniques. First, the block structure is designed using a highly flexible partitioning scheme, where each coding tree unit in a picture is split into multiple coding units (CUs) by a recursive quaternary tree followed by a recursive binary-ternary tree. The prediction unit (PU) and transform unit (TU) concepts are unified with the CU concept, i.e., PU and TU are basically the same as CU. Moreover, inter prediction, intra prediction, transform, quantization, in-loop filtering, and entropy coding are all improved. Finally, new loop filtering techniques are invented, where the proposed convolutional neural network loop filtering is of particular interest. The proposed video codec achieves 43.81% average bit rate savings based on objective measures compared to the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) anchors and is among the best-performing CfP responses both objectively and subjectively. It has been partially adopted into the working draft of the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard.
Ground motion, geotechnical materials, and structural materials are three primary uncertainty sources in the seismic design and assessment of metro station structures. However, the effects of the ...latter two have often been ignored, which brings doubts about the rationality of the design and evaluation results. In this paper, based on the probability density evolution theory, the non-linear stochastic seismic analyses and reliability analyses under multi-source uncertainty conditions were carried out for a metro station structure in soft soils, and the effects of three primary uncertainty sources, i.e., ground motion, geotechnical materials, and structural materials, were explored. Random variable models were established to quantify the involved uncertainties of non-linear materials. The results showed that for underground structures, the uncertainty of geotechnical materials is nonnegligible, because it not only changes the soil-structure relative stiffness, but also changes the deformation mode of strata, resulting in both an increase in the elastic reliability and a decrease in the elastic-plastic reliability. The uncertainty source of structural materials changes the soil-structure relative stiffness, but has little effect on the lateral deformation response and elastic-plastic reliability of the station structure.
•Non-linear stochastic seismic analyses on an underground structure were carried out.•Effects of multi-source uncertainties on the seismic response were explored.•Both the uncertainties of ground motion and geotechnical materials are nonnegligible.•The effect of the uncertainty of structural materials is very limited.
Three bis(triphenylamine) diimides, TPA-PMDI, TPA-NTDI and TPA-PTDI, were synthesized from condensation of 4-aminotriphenylamine with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), ...1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTDA) and 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTDA), respectively. Redox-active poly(arylamine-imide) films coded with TPA-PMPI, TPA-NTPI, and TPA-PTPI could be electrodeposited robustly on the electrode surface in an electrolyte solution via the oxidative coupling reactions between TPA radical cations. The CVs of these elecrtrodeposited films showed an ambipolar redox behavior, with a reversible redox couple at E1/2 of 0.99–1.02 V during the anodic scanning and two pairs of redox waves during cathodic scanning. The polyimide films exhibited multicolored anodic and cathodic coloring. Electrochromic devices using the electropolymerized films as active layers were also fabricated as preliminary investigations for electrochromic applications.
Display omitted
•Redox-active polyimide films was electropolymerized from arylene perylene diimides.•The polyimide films showed ambipolar redox and electrochromic properties.•The polyimide films exhibited high optical contrast, coloration efficiency, and cycling stability.
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury commonly occurs during perioperative periods, resulting in high morbidity and mortality on a global scale. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a selective α2-agonist ...that is frequently applied during perioperative periods for its analgesia effect; however, its ability to provide protection against intestinal I/R injury and underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.
To fill this gap, the protection of Dex against I/R injury was examined in a rat model of intestinal I/R injury and in an inflammation cell model, which was induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plus interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) stimulation.
Our data demonstrated that Dex had protective effects against intestinal I/R injury in rats. Dex was also found to promote mitophagy and inhibit apoptosis of enteric glial cells (EGCs) in the inflammation cell model. PINK1 downregulated p53 expression by promoting the phosphorylation of HDAC3. Further studies revealed that Dex provided protection against experimentally induced intestinal I/R injury in rats, while enhancing mitophagy, and suppressing apoptosis of EGCs through SIRT3-mediated PINK1/HDAC3/p53 pathway in the inflammation cell model.
Hence, these findings provide evidence supporting the protective effect of Dex against intestinal I/R injury and its underlying mechanism involving the SIRT3/PINK1/HDAC3/p53 axis.
In the early stage of severe burn, patients often exhibit a high level of inflammatory mediators in blood and are likely to develop sepsis. High-volume haemofiltration (HVHF) can eliminate these ...inflammatory mediators. We hypothesised that early application of HVHF may be beneficial in reducing sepsis and improving the prognosis of patients with severe burns.
Adults patients with burns ≥ 50% total burn surface area (TBSA) and in whom the sum of deep partial and full-thickness burn areas was ≥ 30% were enrolled in this randomised prospective study, and they were divided into control (41 cases) and HVHF (41 cases) groups. Patients in the control group received standard management for major burns, whereas the HVHF group additionally received HVHF treatment (65 ml/kg/h for 3 consecutive days) within 3 days after burn. The incidence of sepsis and mortality, some laboratory data, levels of inflammatory cytokines in the blood, HLA-DR expression on CD14
peripheral blood monocytes, the proportion of CD25
Foxp3
in CD4
T lymphocytes, and the counts of CD3
, CD4
and CD8
T lymphocytes were recorded within 28 days post-burn.
The incidence of sepsis, septic shock and duration of vasopressor treatment were decreased significantly in the HVHF group. In addition, in the subgroup of patients with burns ≥ 80% TBSA, the 90-day mortality showed significant decreases in the HVHF group. The ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to the fraction of inspiration oxygen was improved after HVHF treatment. In the patients who received HVHF treatment, the blood levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, as well as the blood level of procalcitonin were found to be lower than in the control group. Moreover, higher HLA-DR expression on CD14
monocytes and a lower proportion of CD25
Foxp3
in CD4
T lymphocytes were observed in the patients in the HVHF group.
Early application of HVHF benefits patients with severe burns, especially for those with a greater burn area (≥ 80% TBSA), decreasing the incidence of sepsis and mortality. This effect may be attributed to its early clearance of inflammatory mediators and the recovery of the patient's immune status.
Chinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR-TRC-12002616 . Registered on 24 October 2012.
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