The bootstrap variance estimate is widely used in semiparametric inferences. However, its theoretical validity is a well-known open problem. In this paper, we provide a first theoretical study on the ...bootstrap moment estimates in semiparametric models. Specifically, we establish the bootstrap moment consistency of the Euclidean parameter, which immediately implies the consistency of t-type bootstrap confidence set. It is worth pointing out that the only additional cost to achieve the bootstrap moment consistency in contrast with the distribution consistency is to simply strengthen the L1 maximal inequality condition required in the latter to the Lp maximal inequality condition for p ≤ 1. The general Lp multiplier inequality developed in this paper is also of independent interest. These general conclusions hold for the bootstrap methods with exchangeable bootstrap weights, for example, non-parametric bootstrap and Bayesian bootstrap. Our general theory is illustrated in the celebrated Cox regression model.
Herein, we hypothesized that pro‐osteogenic MicroRNAs (miRs) could play functional roles in the calcification of the aortic valve and aimed to explore the functional role of miR‐29b in the ...osteoblastic differentiation of human aortic valve interstitial cells (hAVICs) and the underlying molecular mechanism. Osteoblastic differentiation of hAVICs isolated from human calcific aortic valve leaflets obtained intraoperatively was induced with an osteogenic medium. Alizarin red S staining was used to evaluate calcium deposition. The protein levels of osteogenic markers and other proteins were evaluated using western blotting and/or immunofluorescence while qRT‐PCR was applied for miR and mRNA determination. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay were used to identify the possible interaction between miR‐29b and TGF‐β3. Calcium deposition and the number of calcification nodules were pointedly and progressively increased in hAVICs during osteogenic differentiation. The levels of osteogenic and calcification markers were equally increased, thus confirming the mineralization of hAVICs. The expression of miR‐29b was significantly increased during osteoblastic differentiation. Furthermore, the osteoblastic differentiation of hAVICs was significantly inhibited by the miR‐29b inhibition. TGF‐β3 was markedly downregulated while Smad3, Runx2, wnt3, and β‐catenin were significantly upregulated during osteogenic induction at both the mRNA and protein levels. These effects were systematically induced by miR‐29b overexpression while the inhibition of miR‐29b showed the inverse trends. Moreover, TGF‐β3 was a direct target of miR‐29b. Inhibition of miR‐29b hinders valvular calcification through the upregulation of the TGF‐β3 via inhibition of wnt/β‐catenin and RUNX2/Smad3 signaling pathways.
miR‐29b was significantly increased during osteoblastic differentiation of hAVICs. The osteoblastic differentiation of hAVICs was significantly inhibited by miR‐29b inhibition. Inhibition of miR‐29b hinders valvular calcification through the upregulation of the TGF‐β3.
Pathogenic
(
) widely exist in Nature and have always been a serious threat to the human health. Conventional colony forming units counting-based methods are quite time consuming and not fit for ...rapid detection for
. Therefore, novel strategies for improving detection efficiency and sensitivity are in great demand. Aptamers have been widely used in various sensors due to their extremely high affinity and specificity. Successful applications of aptamers have been found in the rapid detection of pathogenic
. Herein, we present the latest advances in screening of aptamers for
, and review the preparation and application of aptamer-based biosensors in rapid detection of
. Furthermore, the problems and new trends in these aptamer-based biosensors for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism are also discussed.
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is indicated for refractory hematologic cancer and some nonmalignant disorders. Survival is limited by recurrent cancer and organ toxicity.
To determine ...whether survival has improved over the past decade and note impediments to better outcomes.
The authors compared cohorts that had transplants during 2003 to 2007 versus 2013 to 2017. Survival outcome measures were analyzed, along with transplant-related complications.
A center performing allogeneic transplant procedures.
All recipients of a first allogeneic transplant during 2003 to 2007 and 2013 to 2017.
Patients received a conditioning regimen, infusion of donor hematopoietic cells, then immunosuppressive drugs and antimicrobial approaches to infection control.
Day-200 nonrelapse mortality (NRM), recurrence or progression of cancer, relapse-related mortality, and overall mortality, adjusted for comorbidity scores, source of donor cells, donor type, patient age, disease severity, conditioning regimen, patient and donor sex, and cytomegalovirus serostatus.
During the 2003-to-2007 and 2013-to-2017 periods, 1148 and 1131 patients, respectively, received their first transplant. Over the decade, decreases were seen in the adjusted hazards of day-200 NRM (hazard ratio HR, 0.66 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.89), relapse of cancer (HR, 0.76 CI, 0.61 to 0.94), relapse-related mortality (HR, 0.69 CI, 0.54 to 0.87), and overall mortality (HR, 0.66 CI, 0.56 to 0.78). The degree of reduction in overall mortality was similar for patients who received myeloablative versus reduced-intensity conditioning, as well as for patients whose allograft came from a matched sibling versus an unrelated donor. Reductions were also seen in the frequency of jaundice, renal insufficiency, mechanical ventilation, high-level cytomegalovirus viremia, gram-negative bacteremia, invasive mold infection, acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, and prednisone exposure.
Cohort studies cannot determine causality, and current disease severity criteria were not available for patients in the 2003-to-2007 cohort.
Improvement in survival and reduction in complications were substantial after allogeneic transplant. Relapse of cancer remains the largest obstacle to better survival outcomes.
National Institutes of Health.
Provable sparse tensor decomposition Sun, Will Wei; Lu, Junwei; Liu, Han ...
Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Statistical methodology,
June 2017, Letnik:
79, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We propose a novel sparse tensor decomposition method, namely the tensor truncated power method, that incorporates variable selection in the estimation of decomposition components. The sparsity is ...achieved via an efficient truncation step embedded in the tensor power iteration. Our method applies to a broad family of high dimensional latent variable models, including high dimensional Gaussian mixtures and mixtures of sparse regressions. A thorough theoretical investigation is further conducted. In particular, we show that the final decomposition estimator is guaranteed to achieve a local statistical rate, and we further strengthen it to the global statistical rate by introducing a proper initialization procedure. In high dimensional regimes, the statistical rate obtained significantly improves those shown in the existing nonsparse decomposition methods. The empirical advantages of tensor truncated power are confirmed in extensive simulation results and two real applications of click-through rate prediction and high dimensional gene clustering.
Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are normally synthesized by ionothermal methods. The harsh synthetic conditions and associated limited structural diversity do not benefit for further development ...and practical large‐scale synthesis of CTFs. Herein we report a new strategy to construct CTFs (CTF‐HUSTs) via a polycondensation approach, which allows the synthesis of CTFs under mild conditions from a wide array of building blocks. Interestingly, these CTFs display a layered structure. The CTFs synthesized were also readily scaled up to gram quantities. The CTFs are potential candidates for separations, photocatalysis and for energy storage applications. In particular, CTF‐HUSTs are found to be promising photocatalysts for sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with a maximum rate of 2647 μmol h−1 g−1 under visible light. We also applied a pyrolyzed form of CTF‐HUST‐4 as an anode material in a sodium‐ion battery achieving an excellent discharge capacity of 467 mAh g−1.
Layered allrounder: A novel polycondensation approach enables the construction of covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) under mild conditions from a wide array of building blocks. The resulting CTFs present a new type of layered material with potential applications in separations, photocatalysis, and energy storage.
As more individuals survive their hematologic malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), there is growing appreciation of the late organ complications of this ...curative procedure for malignant and nonmalignant hematologic disorders. Late noninfectious pulmonary complications encompass all aspects of the bronchopulmonary anatomy. There have been recent advances in the diagnostic recognition and management of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, which is recognized as a pulmonary manifestation of chronic graft-versus-host disease. Organizing pneumonia and other interstitial lung diseases are increasingly recognized. This article provides an update on these entities as well as pleural and pulmonary vascular disease after allogeneic HSCT.
Purpose
To analyze the long‐term outcome and pattern of failure for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).
Methods and materials
Patients with NPC ...after IMRT from 2001 to 2008 were recruited (n = 865). Clinical features, laboratory data, and treatments were collected.
Results
The 10‐year local recurrence‐free survival, distant metastasis‐free survival, and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were 92.0%, 83.4%, and 78.6%, respectively. A total of 209 patients died: 59% of whom died from distant metastasis. The 10‐year DSS was higher in patients who received chemoradiotherapy than those who received IMRT alone for patients with high‐risk stage III disease, while there was no survival difference for patients with stage II and low‐risk stage III disease.
Conclusions
IMRT provides satisfactory long‐term survival for patients with NPC. Distant metastasis has been the most common reason for failure. Adding chemotherapy did not improve survival in patients with stage II and low‐risk stage III disease.
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