Accumulating evidence has shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) had malfunctioning roles in the development of human cancers, especially lung adenocarcinoma (LC). In the present study, we aimed ...to investigate the role and potential mechanism of lncRNA long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 460 (LINC00460) in LC progression using human tissues and cell lines. We observed that LINC00460 was increased in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cells in comparison to their corresponding controls. Moreover, overexpression of LINC00460 indicated the poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. In addition, silencing LINC00460 was able to suppress lung adenocarcinoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Rescue assay confirmed that LINC00460 contributed to lung adenocarcinoma progression by regulating miR-302c-5p/FOXA1 signal pathway. In conclusion, LINC00460 promotes LC progression by competitively binding miR-302c-5p and regulating FOXA1 signal pathway. Our findings reveal that LINC00460 may be a potential prognostic biomarker and a candidate target for LC therapy.
•LINC00460 is up-regulated in human primary lung adenocarcinoma tissues.•Expression of FOXA1 is up-regulated in primary human lung adenocarcinoma and negatively expressed related to miR-302c-5p.•miR-302c-5p inhibits the tumorigenic potential of lung adenocarcinoma cells by down-regulating oncogenic FOXA1.•LINC00460's oncogenic functions are partially through reverse regulation of miR-302c-5p, and then activation of FOXA1.
Online games represent a rapidly growing and competitive global market for technology firms. Games are viewed as places where people can temporarily escape from reality. However, it is unclear how ...game escapism fosters game experience and game use, thus indicating a research gap. This gap keeps decision-makers (i.e., firms and policy-makers) in the dark regarding how game escapism affects gameplay, thus hindering effective decision-making. To fill this gap, uses and gratification theory is applied to build a model for explaining the mechanism underlying the influence of game escapism and telepresence on game experience and game use. We collect 1347 online gamer responses with which to test the model. The results indicate that game escapism improves all game experiences, while only enjoyment and concentration increase game use. Moreover, telepresence strengthens the impact of game escapism on enjoyment, concentration, and fantasy. Our findings offer insights for decision-makers, enabling them to leverage game mechanisms to either provide or negate the impact of game escapism, thus changing game use.
•We examined how game escapism fosters game experiences and game use.•Uses and gratification theory was used to build the research model.•Game escapism enhances enjoyment, control, concentration, and fantasy.•Enjoyment and concentration increase game use.•Telepresence strengthens the impact of game escapism on enjoyment, concentration, and fantasy.
To investigate the relationship between the clinical features and progression of non-culprit lesions in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary ...intervention (PPCI).
A total of 480 patients (57.1 ± 9.2 y) with STEMI who underwent PPCI between January 2016 and December 2017 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent PPCI as a treatment for culprit lesions. Clinical and angiographic follow-up were performed for 12 months. All patients were divided into a non-culprit lesions (NCL) progression group (205 cases) and a control group (275 cases) based on angiographic follow-up outcomes at 12 months. The clinical and angiographic features were analyzed.
Body mass index (BMI), serum creatinine (Scr), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated serum albumin, glycated hemoglobin and homocysteine levels in the NCL progression group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). A logistic regression analysis showed that FBG (odds ratio 1.274, 95% confidence interval 1.077-1.505, P = 0.005) and Scr (odds ratio 1.020, 95% confidence interval 1.002-1.038, P = 0.027) were independent predictors of NCL progression. A partial correlation analysis showed that FBG was positively correlated with NCL progression (r = 0.231, P = 0.001). A receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the boundary point of FBG to predict NCL progression was 5.715 mmol/L, and the sensitivity was 74.4% and the specificity was 46.4%.
FBG is a valuable predictor for NCL progression in patients with STEMI after PPCI.
High-pressure homogenization (HPH) has the potential to improve the exaction yield of bioactive compound from food and food waste. This study investigated the use of HPH or microfluidization as an ...alternative assisted method for sulforaphane extraction from raw broccoli seeds. The mean particle size, morphological characteristics, and extraction yields of all samples processed at different HPH pressure levels (3000-23,000 psi) and passes (1–5) were examined. After HPH, the particle size of broccoli seeds was reduced 2–10 times and the particle size distribution pattern also changed from bimodal to unimodal with increasing pressures and number of passes. The highest sulforaphane content obtained with HPH at 5000 psi and 5 passes was 2199 μg sulforaphane/g broccoli seeds, which is 3 times more than the control one. Particular interest was given to the relationship between sulforaphane yield and particle size. Generally, the extraction yield increased with decreasing particle size; however, excessive size reduction did not necessarily result in significant increase in sulforaphane content. In addition, the pressure is not the higher the better (<8000 psi, 55 MPa). Scanning electron morphology (SEM) also confirmed that cell rupture and cell walls breakage occurred during the HPH process.
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•High pressure homogenization (HPH) enhanced the sulforaphane (SF) extraction.•Effect of HPH on the particle size reduction and distribution was investigated.•Relationship of particle size and sulforaphane extraction yield were studied.•Cell rupture, cell walls breakage, and cell poration were observed in SEM images.•Two extraction mechanisms of HPH assisted method were suggested.
Detecting progesterone (P4) concentration in cow serum is essential for monitoring the pregnancy progress after fertilization and is significant for the dairy farming industry and veterinary ...medicine. This study reports enzyme-free immunomagnetic beads (IMBs)-based competitive immunoassay for detecting P4 by P4-bovine serum albumin (BSA)-modified biosensors. The anti-P4 antibody-conjugated IMBs serve as collectors to capture P4 in undiluted serum samples to prevent the biosensor surface from biosample contamination and as insulated labels to report the electron-transfer resistance signal of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement. The IMBs and P4-containing samples were mixed for 15−30 min, capable of obtaining stable P4@IMB complexes. The 0.2-kGauss pulsed magnetic field (PMF) of the 20-s pulse width and 20-s relaxation time applied for 5 min can shorten the immunoreaction time between the P4@IMBs and the P4-BSA-modified biosensor and reduce the IMB's nonspecific adsorption on the biosensor surface. This competitive immunoassay's cut-off value and detection limit were 7.71 ng/mL and 7.33 ng/mL, respectively, which is lower than the serum's P4 plateau concentration (over 8 ng/mL) of dairy cows on days 6–16 of estrus cycles and that in pregnancy. The IMB-based immunoassay combining the PMF attraction and the label-free EIS measurement exhibits promising potential for rapidly detecting P4 in undiluted serum.
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•IMBs are used as an antibody carrier for immunoreacting P4 molecules.•IMBs are an insulated label to report the EIS signal of competitive immunoassay.•The 5-min 20PMF improves IMB affinity efficiency and reduces nonspecific adsorption.•The cut-off value of immunoassay is 7.71 ng/mL.•The IMB-based immunoassay is rapid and sensitive to determine P4 in undiluted serum.
Miscarriage is the most common complication of pregnancy. The most common causes of early miscarriage are chromosomal abnormalities of the embryo, maternal endocrine abnormalities, organ ...malformations, and abnormal immune factors. Late miscarriages are mostly caused by factors such as cervical insufficiency. However, the causes of 50% of miscarriages remain unknown. Recently, increasing attention has been given to the role of metabolic abnormalities in miscarriage. In this review, we mainly discuss the roles of four major metabolic pathways (glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, and oxidation‒reduction balance) in miscarriage and the metabolism-related genes that lead to metabolic disorders in miscarriage. Depending on aetiology, the current treatments for miscarriage include hormonal and immunological drugs, as well as surgery, while there are few therapies for metabolism. Therefore, we also summarize the drugs for metabolism-related targets. The study of altered metabolism underlying miscarriage not only helps us to understand the mechanisms involved in miscarriage but also provides an important basis for clinical research on new therapies.
Abstract
During spermatogenesis, the blood–testis barrier (BTB) undergoes cyclic remodeling that is crucial to support the transport of preleptotene spermatocytes across the immunological barrier at ...stage VIII to IX of the epithelial cycle. Studies have shown that this timely remodeling of the BTB is supported by several endogenously produced barrier modifiers across the seminiferous epithelium, which include the F5-peptide and the ribosomal protein S6 rpS6; a downstream signaling molecule of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling protein. Herein, F5-peptide and a quadruple phosphomimetic (and constitutively active) mutant of rpS6 i.e., phosphorylated (p-)rpS6-MT that are capable of inducing reversible immunological barrier remodeling, by making the barrier “leaky” transiently, were used for their overexpression in the testis to induce BTB opening. We sought to examine whether this facilitated the crossing of the nonhormonal male contraceptive adjudin at the BTB when administered by oral gavage, thereby effectively improving its BTB transport to induce germ cell adhesion and aspermatogenesis. Indeed, it was shown that combined overexpression of F5-peptide and p-rpS6-MT and a low dose of adjudin, which by itself had no noticeable effects on spermatogenesis, was capable of perturbing the organization of actin- and microtubule (MT)-based cytoskeletons through changes in the spatial expression of actin- and MT-binding/regulatory proteins to the corresponding cytoskeleton. These findings thus illustrate the possibility of delivering drugs to any target organ behind a blood–tissue barrier by modifying the tight junction permeability barrier using endogenously produced barrier modifiers based on findings from this adjudin animal model.
The stress ratio (R) effect, especially at elevated temperatures, is associated with the fatigue crack growth (FCG) prediction in aero‐engine hot‐end components under complex operation conditions. ...The FCG experiments with three R were conducted on Ni‐based superalloy GH4169 at room temperature (RT), 550°C, and 700°C. The results indicate that the R‐effect on the FCG of GH4196 is temperature‐dependent. Therefore, efforts were made to identify the R‐effect at various temperatures to describe the FCG. The concept of the crack‐closure or the two‐driving‐force was employed to quantify the R‐effect considering the temperature influence. Fractographic analyses on the fracture surface were performed to discuss the underlying mechanism responsible for the temperature influence. The study can contribute to the R‐dependent FCG modeling at various temperatures.
Highlights
FCG experiments with various R at three temperatures were performed.
Temperature‐dependence of the R‐effect on GH4169 was identified.
Two approaches were examined to describe the R‐dependent FCG.
Mechanisms of R‐effect at various temperatures were revealed with SEM.
Nonnegligible emission of bioaerosols usually occurs during aeration of wastewater in aerator tanks in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Literature had shown that the respiratory and intestinal ...diseases of workers at WWTPs are related to bioaerosols. Thus, quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) based on Monte Carlo simulation was utilized in this research to assess the health risks of Gram-negative bacteria bioaerosol (GNBB) and
Staphylococcus aureus
bioaerosol (SAB) among academic visitors and staffs. Results showed that the concentrations of GNBB and SAB in the inverted umbrella aeration mode were consistently higher than those in the microporous aeration mode under all six size distribution ranges of the Anderson six-stage impactor. Thus, GNBB and SAB can be highly threatening to the weasand and first bronchus (or alveoli and third bronchus) for the exposure populations. The health risks (annual probability of infection (
P
y
) and disease burden (DB)) of males were constantly higher than those of females for each certain exposure scenario. The health risks of staffs were higher than those of academic visitors when assessed by Monte Carlo simulation. The wearing of mask is an effective measure to minimize health risks through reducing the bioaerosol concentration intake. Especially, for the academic visitors and staffs exposed to GNBB, all their DB failed to meet the World Health Organization DB benchmark under various credible intervals when they were without a mask on. In a word, the results of health risk assessment in this research can be utilized as an educational tool and policy basis to facilitate the implementation of efficacious prevention measures to protect the public health from bioaerosol health threats in WWTPs.
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