In this paper, an integrated wearable application platform with physiological sensors are presented. We use the wearable devices to collect the electrocardiography (ECG) and respiration (RESP) ...signals. This wearable device is a prototype with analog front-end, a microcontroller, and a Bluetooth module. We attach the electrodes on the thorax to record single-lead ECG signal and thorax impedance variation of the users. The mobile phone is a platform for dealing with the digital signal processing. We design an Android app with convenient user interface for every application. With discrete wavelet transform (DWT), we can easily detect the important features such as P wave, QRS complex and T wave and reduce the interference of noise. We develop an application with the wearable device for the emotion recognition. The extracted-features of biomedical signals are implemented with methods by the cloud computing. We implement the cloud computing by Apache Storm, which can transmit the data by streaming via 3G/Wi-Fi. With the proposed stream processing framework for the relaxation state calculation with wearable ECG sensors, under 5 people monitoring simultaneously, the latency and response time can be reduced by 10 times.
We have successfully developed a 128Gb MLC (or 192Gb TLC) 3D NAND Flash using 16-layer SGVC architecture. The produced memory density is 1.6 Gb/mm 2 for MLC or 2.4 Gb/mm 2 for TLC (including CMOS ...peripheral area, spared BL's and blocks). Such memory density is comparable to 48-layer 3D NAND using the popular gate-all-around (GAA) structures. SGVC has the important advantage of much smaller cell size and pitch scaling capability which allows very high-density memory at much lower stacking layer number. SGVC possesses very robust read disturb immunity (>120M read) and long-retention (> 40 years at room temperature) at fresh state that can suppress the very frequent wear-leveling and refresh operations needed for other 3D NAND Flash devices and is very suitable for read-intensive memory. With further stacking/scaling, it is possible to realize low-cost 1Tb single-chip solution at merely 48 layers.
We demonstrate an 8-layer 3D Vertical Gate NAND Flash with WL half pitch =37.5nm, BL half pitch=75nm, 64-WL NAND string with 63% array core efficiency. This is the first time that a 3D NAND Flash can ...be successfully scaled to below 3Xnm half pitch in one lateral dimension, thus an 8-layer stack device already provides a very cost effective technology with lower cost than the conventional sub-20nm 2D NAND. Our new VG architecture has two key features: (1) To improve the manufacturability a new layout that twists the even/odd BL's (and pages) in the opposite direction (split-page BL) is adopted. This allows the island-gate SSL devices 1 and metal interconnections be laid out in double pitch, creating much larger process window for BL pitch scaling; (2) A novel staircase BL contact formation method using binary sum of only M lithography and etching steps to achieve 2 M contacts. This not only allows precise landing of the tight-pitch staircase contacts, but also minimizes the process steps and cost. We have successfully fabricated an 8-layer array using TFT BE-SONOS charge-trapping device. The array characteristics including reading, programming, inhibit, and block erase are demonstrated.
The design architecture for 3D vertical gate (VG) NAND Flash is discussed in detail. With the unique structure of 3D VG and its decoding method, we have developed several important design innovations ...to optimize this technology: (1) "Shift-BL scramble" to average the BL capacitances, providing uniform C BL 's for various memory layers; (2) Optimized read waveforms to suppress the hot-carrier induced read disturb in the page reading mode; (3) Novel reverse read with "multi-Vt sensing technique" for different memory layers to compensate the Vt variation due to the layer-to-layer process difference; (4) Program inhibit method and technique to minimize the "Z-directional" self-boosting program disturb in 3D stackable memory. Optimized chip-level performances with excellent memory window for SLC and MLC operations are demonstrated on a 2-layer 3D VG NAND chip.
Difficulty with the proximal lesion approach and durability of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) instruments usually limits its application for lower gaotrointestina (GI) lesions to locoregional ...staging of rectal cancer. This study investigated the value of colonoscopic miniprobe ultrasonography for differential diagnosis and treatment strategy in patients with colorectal subepithelial lesions (SEL).
Miniprobe ultrasonography was Performed in 40 consecutive patients with suspected colorectal SEL or residual lesions after endoscopic resection at one medical center by the same endoscopist (C-J Lin). The EUS images and procedure records were reviewed. The final diagnosis of these lesions was confirmed by cross section imaging, histopathologic findings, or clinical follow-up.
Miniprobe EUS allowed high-resolution imaging and a successful approach to all colorectal SEL through the working channel of a sigmoidoscope or colonoscope without breakdown of the miniprobe. Thirteen patients, suspected of having rectal carcinoid tumors (mean size, 6.9 +/- 3.3 mm), were treated radically by endoscopic mucosal resection using a transparent cap (EMRC) after EUS confirmation of no muscular invasion. Three patients had no residual or recurrent carcinoid tumor on EUS examination after previous empiric polypectomy or biopsy. EUS detected submucosal lipomas (mean size, 18.5 mm; range, 8.6-25.6 mm) in ten patients however, only two patients underwent endoscopic resection. Five patients had suspected rectal myogenic stromal tumors on EUS; three were transferred for surgical resection due to uterine myoma compression (N = 2) or mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix with rectal metastasis (N = 1), and two had uterine myoma detected by gynecologic ultrasound or CT. One appendiceal stone with orifice obstruction mimicking cecal submucosal tumor was proved by surgical resection. One patient had hemorrhoids proved by hemorrhoidectomy. One patient was proved to have proctitis cystica profunda by EMRC. The other six patients had various benign lesions, which were diagnosed and followed-up by EUS without progression. In thirty-five of forty patients (88%) colorectal SEL were managed uneventfully according to EUS interpretation.
Miniprobe ultrasonography can be a useful supplement to routine colonoscopy and provide treatment guidance for suspected colorectal subepithelial lesions.
A 40 Gbs/s monolithically cascaded integration of SOAs and EAMs is fabricated and demonstrated. Using cascaded SOA-integrated EAM, 20 dB high extinction ratio in 2.5 V, 13 dB optical gain is observed ...in such device. As low as -10 dB microwave reflection (DC to 35 GHz) is observed, leading to 40 GHz of -3 dB bandwidth and 40 Gb/s performance.
A cascaded integration of electroabsorption modulator (EAM) and high-impedance transmission line (HITL) is reported. We also demonstrated the microwave reflection and standing wave property can be ...reducing in this cascaded structure. A -3dB modulation bandwidth of 40GHz was demonstrated in this work.
Cascaded integration of electroabsorption modulator and high-impedance transmission is used to suppress the standing wave property. A -3dB EO response of 40GHz and clear 40Gb/s eye diagram were ...demonstrated in this work.
In this paper, we will describe a prototyping system to demonstrate a next-generation test configuration, which uniformly supports wafer test, final production test and field diagnosis. The ...implementation shows that we can reduce the test cost significantly by adapting a wireless-based test system.
