The aim of the present study was to characterize the chemical composition of Neapolitan coffee brew in comparison to espresso, American, and moka coffee brews. Despite the similarity of brewing ...principle of Neapolitan and American coffee-making techniques, i.e. percolation of hot water through ground coffee, the characteristics of Neapolitan coffee brew in terms of antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds and total solids were more similar to moka coffee brew. Espresso and moka showed higher antioxidant activity, and espresso exhibited higher caffeine concentration, total phenolic compounds, and total solids with respect to other coffee brews studied. For the first time a characterization of the Neapolitan coffee aroma, a traditional Italian brewing procedure, was reported. A significant higher amount in hexanal, β-damascenone and some pyrazines was found in Neapolitan coffee aroma with respect to other procedures. These compounds could be considered as a distinctive characteristic of Neapolitan coffee aroma. Moka was characterized by higher guaiacol content with respect to other procedures, while espresso showed significantly higher levels in aldehydes and 2-furanmethanol acetate.
•A chemical characterization of different coffee brews was reported.•Brewing procedure affected antioxidant activity, phenolics, caffeine and volatiles.•For the first time the volatile compounds in Neapolitan coffee headspace were studied.•β-Damascenone, hexanal and pyrazines resulted higher in Neapolitan coffee brew.
The influence of human saliva and sip volume on aroma release in coffee brew was studied under mouth-simulated conditions. 24 aroma compounds of coffee brew were monitored and quantified in dynamic ...headspace of four different coffee brews by SPME–GC–MS in selective ion monitoring (SIM) modality.
In the first part of our study, American, Neapolitan, moka and espresso coffee brews showed a different partition of aroma compounds when coffee brew comes into contact with saliva, with respect to the initial amount of volatiles analyzed by the orthonasal way. In addition, every brewing technique seems to imply a different behavior in the aroma release.
In the second part, a significant influence of coffee sip volume on aroma headspace was observed. By analyzing the headspace concentration of aroma compounds after retronasal aroma simulation assay, an increase was obtained for some aldehydes assuming 25mL coffee in one sip, while when smaller sips were considered, the aldehyde release decreased and the levels of β-damascenone and 4-vinylguaiacol increased. The different aroma release could not be attributed to direct action of salivary constituents, but rather to the modification of volatile partition into the different phases of coffee brew caused by the presence of saliva. This modification could be mainly related to the chemical properties of volatile compounds and to the non-volatile matrix composition of different coffee brews, which affects the partitioning of volatile compounds and their perception.
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•Coffee brew aroma was studied under mouth simulated conditions.•American, moka, espresso, and the typical Neapolitan coffee brews were studied.•Every coffee brew seems to imply a different behavior in the aroma release.•The coffee sip volume caused a different release of some key aroma compounds.
The aim of our study was to develop a radiomic tool for the prediction of clinically significant prostate cancer.
From September 2020 to December 2021, 91 patients who underwent magnetic resonance ...imaging prostate fusion biopsy at our institution were selected. Prostate cancer aggressiveness was assessed by combining the three orthogonal planes-Llocal binary pattern the 3Dgray level co-occurrence matrix, and other first order statistical features with clinical (semantic) features. The 487 features were used to predict whether the Gleason score was clinically significant (≥7) in the final pathology. A feature selection algorithm was used to determine the most predictive features, and at the end of the process, nine features were chosen through a 10-fold cross validation.
The feature analysis revealed a detection accuracy of 83.5%, with a clinically significant precision of 84.4% and a clinically significant sensitivity of 91.5%. The resulting area under the curve was 80.4%.
Radiomic analysis allowed us to develop a tool that was able to predict a Gleason score of ≥7. This new tool may improve the detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer and overcome the limitations of the subjective interpretation of magnetic resonance imaging, reducing the number of useless biopsies.
: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) is still performed in many referred urological institutions, representing a valid alternative to robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN). We aimed to ...compare trifecta outcomes of LPN and RAPN with the Hugo™ RAS System.
: Between October 2022 and September 2023, eighty-nine patients underwent minimally invasive partial nephrectomy (group A, RAPN = 27; group B, Laparoscopic PN = 62) for localized renal tumors at our Institution. Continuous variables were presented as median and IQR and compared by means of the Mann-Whitney U test, while categorical variables were presented as frequencies (%) and compared by means of the χ
test.
: Group A showed a higher rate of male patients (81.5% vs. 59.7%,
= 0.04) and a higher trend towards larger clinical tumor size (34 vs. 29 mm,
= 0.14). All the other baseline variables were comparable between the two groups (all
> 0.05). Regarding post-operative data, group A displayed a lower operative time (92 vs. 149.5 min,
= 0.005) and a shorter hospital stay (3 vs. 5,
= 0.002). A higher rate of malignant pathology was evidenced in group A (77.8% vs. 58.1%,
= 0.07) as well as a lower trend towards positive surgical margins (3.7% vs. 4.8%,
= 0.82), even if not statistically significant.
: The rate of trifecta achievement was 92.6% and 82.3% for group A and B (
= 0.10), respectively. In terms of trifecta outcomes, RAPN using the Hugo™ RAS System showed comparable results to LPN performed by the same experienced surgeon.
