Purpose
This research identifies nursing outcomes for patients with multiple traumas who present changes in physical mobility.
Methods
This was a thorough literature review, following Whittemore and ...Knafl's method and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses´ guidelines (2005) and adopting the Oxford Center for Evidence‐Based Classification Medicine–Levels of Evidence (2011). The literature search included databases from Virtual Health Library, Cochrane Library, Excerpta Medica Database, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, PubMed, SciVerse Scopus, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Web of Science. It was conducted between October and December 2019 and updated in April 2022.
Findings
Upon our first analysis of the 254 articles that could correlate to the present study, we concluded that 15 of them are of foremost relevance. The nursing outcomes found are correlated with skin care, position in hospital bed, pressure injury prevention, self‐care assistance to bath, intimate, and oral hygiene, pain control, circulatory precaution, and impaired physical mobility assistance. All of these outcomes are directly or indirectly involved with the consequences of mobility impairment.
Conclusions
The main nursing outcomes of our research identified for patients with multiple traumas were related to mobility, the consequences of immobility, self‐care, and skin maintenance. In conclusion, this review highlights the importance of measuring outcomes related to the provision of nursing care.
Implications for Nursing Practice
The nursing outcomes classification provides results that can be used across the continuum of care to assess the patient's status after nursing interventions. It also allows for improved care for multiple trauma patients who have altered mobility, identifying the real needs of these patients.
Resumo
Objetivo
Esta pesquisa propõe a identificação dos resultados de enfermagem para pacientes politraumatizados que apresentam alterações na mobilidade física.
Métodos
Trata‐se de uma revisão minuciosa da literatura, seguindo o método de Whittemore e Knafl e as diretrizes Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (2005) e adotando o Oxford Centre for Evidence‐Based Classification Medicine – Levels of Evidence (2011). A busca na literatura incluiu bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde; Biblioteca Cochrane; Base de dados Excerpta Medica; Sistema de Análise e Recuperação de Literatura Médica Online; PubMed®; SciVerse Scopus; O Índice Cumulativo para Enfermagem e Literatura de Saúde Aliada; e Web of Science. As buscas foram realizadas entre outubro e dezembro de 2019 e atualizadas em abril de 2022.
Resultados
Em nossa primeira análise dos 254 artigos que poderiam se correlacionar com o presente estudo, concluímos que 15 deles são de maior relevância. Os resultados de enfermagem encontrados estão correlacionados aos cuidados com a pele, posição no leito hospitalar, prevenção de lesão por pressão, assistência ao autocuidado ao banho, higiene íntima e oral, controle da dor, precaução circulatória e assistência à mobilidade física prejudicada. Todos os resultados acima mencionados estão direta ou indiretamente envolvidos com as consequências do comprometimento da mobilidade.
Conclusões
Os principais resultados de enfermagem de nossa pesquisa identificados para pacientes politraumatizados foram relacionados à mobilidade, consequências da imobilidade, autocuidado e manutenção da pele. Em conclusão, esta revisão destaca a importância de medir os resultados relacionados à prestação de cuidados de enfermagem.
Implicações Para a Prática de Enfermagem
A Classificação de Resultados de Enfermagem fornece resultados que podem ser usados em todo o continuum de cuidados para avaliar o estado do paciente após intervenções de enfermagem. Também permite melhorar o atendimento aos politraumatizados que apresentam mobilidade alterada, identificando as reais necessidades desses pacientes.
Dissertation (Master’s Degree in Biotechnology). Postgraduation in Biological Sciences. Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil. 2020. 64 f. Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Marcelo Moraes Valença.
To assess the accuracy measurements for predisposing and precipitating Risk Factors for delirium in an adult Intensive Care Unit.
Cohort, prospective study with patients over 18 who had been ...hospitalized for over 24 hours and were able to communicate. The patients were assessed once a day until the onset of delirium or permanence in the Intensive Care Unit. Instruments were employed to track delirium, characterize the sample, and identify the risk factors. Descriptive statistics was employed for sample characterization and accuracy tests for risk factors.
The included patients amounted to 102, 31 of which presented delirium. The predisposing predictive risk factors were hypoalbuminemia, American Society of Anesthesiology over three, severity, altered tissue perfusion, dehydration, and being a male, whereas precipitating predictive factors were physical restraint, infection, pharmacological agent, polypharmacy, anemia, altered renal function, dehydration, invasive devices, altered tissue perfusion and altered quality and quantity of sleep.
An accurate identification of predisposing and precipitating risk factors may contribute to planning preventive measures against delirium.
Introduction
Migraine is a highly prevalent neurological disorder that affects about 15% of the world's population. Involved in migraine pain, the cranial dura mater is a richly vascularized and ...innervated membrane, where we also find mast cells, and immune cells that help in the formation of the inflammatory process. As one of the treatments for migraine, we have melatonin, a hormone produced in the pineal gland and with properties such as circadian cycle control and antioxidant action. Capsaicin, a bioactive compound found in peppers and with a pungent and burning effect, also has an action in the painful process and serves as a tool in the study of physiopathogenic processes.
Objectives
To evaluate the degranulation of dura mater mast cells from Wistar rats stimulated in situ with capsaicin and synthetic interstitial fluid (SIF) and previously treated with melatonin.
Methods
Twenty-five male Wistar rats were used, obtained from the Department of Antibiotics - Danti of the Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE and with use authorized by the Ethics Committee in the Use of Animals - CEUA of UFPE, according to protocol nº 0084/2019. During the adaptation period, the animals were acclimatized under standard laboratory conditions, with water and food ad libitum. After this period, they were separated into two groups: a control group (CG) (n = 12) and a melatonin group (GM) (n = 13), and underwent a daily treatment for 10 days with the intraperitoneal application. The GM received a dosage of 10 mg/kg of the animal weight of melatonin diluted in a saline solution at 0.9% and the GC was treated only with the vehicle. After the treatment, the animals were anesthetized and submitted to an experimental surgery...
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Introduction
Migraine is a disease that stands out for its high prevalence with changes in the nervous system, abnormal levels of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and neuropeptides. The main ...mechanisms of action of capsaicin are chemical induction through the activation of TRPV1 channels, allowing calcium influx into neurons in the trigeminal ganglion of the dura mater, activating mast cell degranulation, releasing pro-inflammatory (e.g., histamine, oxide nitric) and vasoactive (e.g., CGRP and substance P) substances. For treatment, classes of drugs are used to act on blood vessels and to prevent vasodilation, as well as depolarization of sensory fibers of the dura mater.
Objectives
To better understand sterile inflammation after exposing the dura mater bilaterally, we created an experimental model to study mechanisms of action of topiramate and capsaicin in mast cell degranulation and release of CGRP in a rat skull preparation in vivo using anesthetized animals.
Methods
Thirty-five Wistar rats were used, divided into two groups of chronic topiramate (GTC) treated with 20mg/kg/day, gavage/10 days, and acute topiramate (GTA) in situ in the dura mater (10-3M). The animals were anesthetized and cranial windows between the coronal and lambda sutures in the hemicraniums were performed with a drill to expose the dura mater bilaterally. 10-3M capsaicin was placed on the right side and synthetic interstitial fluid on the left side and exposed to contact for 10 minutes to a small cotton ball soaked with the respective solutions so that there is no leakage of the treatment, and posteriorly kept in the freezer (-20°C) for later quantification of CGRP. The percentage of degranulated mast cells was quantified after removal of the dura mater by staining it with toluidine blue. A commercial enzyme immunoassay quantified the release of CGRP from the cranial dura mater...
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Background
Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are rare and highly heterogeneous lesions, making diagnosis a challenging activity. In addition, the small number of studies and samples evaluated difficults ...the determination of prognosis and diagnosis. Despite the solid advances achieved by research, there is still an intense need to investigate biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and that explain the evolution and progression of SGTs.
Methods
We performed a comprehensive literature review of the molecular alterations focusing on the most frequent malignant SGTs: mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma.
Results
Due to the importance of biomarkers in the tumorigenenic process, this review aimed to address the mechanisms involved and to describe molecular and biomarker pathways to better understand some aspects of the pathophysiology of salivary gland tumorigenesis.
Conclusions
Molecular analysis is essential not only to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of the tumors but also to identify novel driver pathways in the precision medicine scenario.
Lectins are proteins capable of binding specifically and reversibly to carbohydrates, allowing several biotechnological applications. In the present study, the lectin from Libidibia ferrea var. ...ferrea pod (LifePL) was purified and the cytotoxic and genotoxic potentials were evaluated through cell viability and micronucleus in vitro assays. LifePL was isolated by chitin column chromatography followed by elution with 1 M acetic acid. The hemagglutinating activity (HA) of LifePL was determined in the presence of carbohydrates or divalent cations, as well as after heating and incubation at different pH values. In the cytotoxic assay using MTT, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were exposed to 10 concentrations of the lectin (ranging from 5 to 200 µg/mL) for 24 h. Genotoxicity was tested using the micronucleus assay at concentrations of 120, 160, and 200 µg/mL to evaluate a previous safety use of lectin. The purified LifePL showed a single band of 8 kDa on SDS-PAGE in the presence or absence of 2-mercaptoethanol or by gel filtration using an AKTA purification system. LifePL agglutinated erythrocytes from humans and rabbits and was inhibited by glycoproteins (e.g., fetal bovine serum). The HA of LifePL remained stable and resistant at temperatures of 30–100 °C. The HA of the lectin was stimulated by ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+), as well as at different pH values (pH 4.5, 5.0, 5.5 and 7.5). There was no cytotoxicity for the concentrations tested. However, all concentrations increased cell viability (p < 0.05). Regarding genotoxicity, no concentration induced statistically significant changes (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the lectin isolated from L. ferrea var. ferrea pod revealed a good safety profile, since it did not show cytotoxic or genotoxic potential under used conditions.
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•LifePL lectin was purified from libidibia ferrea var. ferrea pod;.•This lectin presented a single band of 8 kDa on SDS-PAGE;.•The hemagglutinating activity of LifePL was stimulated by Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions;.•LifePL remained stable at different temperatures and pH values;.•LifePL did not present cytotoxicity and genotoxicity according to in vitro assays.
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the content of the defining characteristics of the Disturbed Sleep Pattern Nursing Diagnosis (00198) in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Method: content analysis ...performed by specialists who achieved a score equal to or greater than five, according to established criteria: clinical experience, teaching and/or research; participation in research groups; doctorate degree; master's degree; specialization and/or residency in cardiology and/or sleep and/or nursing classifications. Eight defining characteristics were evaluated for their relationship to population, relevance, clarity and accuracy. Descriptive statistics were performed to characterize the sample, binomial statistical test to establish if there is agreement between the experts and chi-square and Fisher's exact to establish associations between the evaluated items and the experts' variables. Results: 54 experts participated in the study. The defining characteristics validated by the experts were the following: dissatisfaction with sleep, feeling unrested, sleep deprivation, alteration in sleep pattern, unintentional awakening, difficulty initiating sleep and daytime sleepiness. There was a statistically significant association between evaluated items and the variables time of training, time of operation and punctuation. Conclusion: seven of the eight defining characteristics were considered valid after the application of binomial test. This study will contribute to the refinement of the Disturbed Sleep Pattern Nursing Diagnosis (000198) and may enable the improvement of the quality of care of patients hospitalized with Acute Coronary Syndrome regarding changes in sleep pattern. The content analysis stage will support the next stage of the validation process of the present diagnosis, the clinical validation.
RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el contenido de las características definidoras del Diagnóstico de Enfermería de Patrón de Sueño Perjudicado (00198) en pacientes con Síndrome Coronario Agudo. Método: análisis de contenido realizado por especialistas que obtuvieron una puntaje mayor o igual a cinco, de acuerdo con los criterios establecidos: experiencia clínica, en docencia y/o en investigación; participación en grupos de investigación; doctorado; maestría; especialización y/o residencia en cardiología y/o en clasificaciones de enfermería. Se evaluaron ocho características definidoras en cuanto a su relación con la población, relevancia, claridad y precisión. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo para caracterizar la muestra, una prueba estadística de binomios para establecer si había concordancia entre los especialistas y las pruebas de chi-cuadrado y exacto de Fisher para establecer asociaciones entre los puntos evaluados y las variables de los especialistas. Resultados: del estudio participaron 54 especialistas. Las características definidoras que evaluaron los especialistas fueron las siguientes: insatisfacción con el sueño, no sentirse descansado, privación del sueño, alteración en el patrón de sueño, despertar no intencional, dificultad para iniciar el sueño y somnolencia diurna. Se registró una asociación estadística significativa entre los puntos evaluados y las siguientes variables: tiempo de formación, tiempo de ejercicio en la profesión y puntuación. Conclusión: siete de las ocho Características definidoras se consideraron válidas después de aplicar la prueba de binomios. El presente estudio contribuirá a perfeccionar el Diagnóstico de Enfermería de Patrón de Sueño Perjudicado (000198) y podrá hacer posible que se mejore la calidad de la atención de pacientes internados con Síndrome Coronario Agudo en lo referente a alteraciones en el patrón de sueño. La etapa del análisis de contenido servirá de ayuda para la próxima etapa del proceso de validación del presente diagnóstico: la validación clínica.
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o conteúdo das características definidoras do Diagnóstico de Enfermagem Padrão de Sono Prejudicado (00198) em pacientes com Síndrome Coronariana Aguda. Método: análise de conteúdo realizada por especialistas que atingiram pontuação igual ou maior a cinco, de acordo com critérios estabelecidos: experiência clínica, no ensino e/ou pesquisa; participação em grupos de pesquisa; doutorado; mestrado; especialização e/ou residência em cardiologia e/ou sono e/ou classificações de enfermagem. Oito características definidoras foram avaliadas quanto a sua relação com a população, relevância, clareza e precisão. Realizou-se estatística descritiva para caracterização da amostra, teste estatístico binomial para estabelecer se há concordância entre os especialistas e qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher para estabelecer associações entre os itens avaliados e variáveis dos especialistas. Resultados: 54 especialistas participaram do estudo. As características definidoras validadas pelos especialistas foram: insatisfação com o sono, não se sentir descansado, privação do sono, alteração do padrão de sono, despertar não intencional, dificuldade para iniciar o sono e sonolência diurna. Houve associação estatística significativa entre itens avaliados e as variáveis tempo de formação, tempo de atuação e pontuação. Conclusão: sete das oito características definidoras foram consideradas válidas após aplicação de teste binomial. O presente estudo contribuirá para o refinamento do Diagnóstico de Enfermagem Padrão de Sono Prejudicado (000198) e poderá possibilitar a melhoria da qualidade do atendimento de pacientes internados com Síndrome Coronariana Aguda no que tange a alterações do padrão de sono. A etapa de análise de conteúdo subsidiará a próxima etapa do processo de validação do presente diagnóstico, a validação clínica.
As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis constituem-se um problema de saúde pública, responsáveis por 74% das mortes em todo mundo, sendo as doenças cardiovasculares as primeiras causas, destacando a ...insuficiência cardíaca como integrante dessa causa. A insuficiência cardíaca como uma síndrome complexa concebe um grande desafio para a equipe de saúde constituindo-se uma das principais causas de hospitalizações. O enfermeiro implementa o Processo de Enfermagem para elaborar um plano de cuidados clínicos, aplicar esse conhecimento para a identificação dos sinais e sintomas, considerando a fisiopatologia da insuficiência cardíaca, tendo o Diagnóstico de Enfermagem viabilizar a individualização do cuidado e fundamenta a escolha das intervenções de enfermagem adequadas para atingir as metas, resultados de enfermagem.Através da revisão integrativa da literatura, este estudo objetivou analisar a produção do conhecimento de estudos de validação de diagnósticos de enfermagem em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. O resultado deste estudo trouxe sete artigos, sendo a maioria produzidos por pesquisadores brasileiros. Concluiu-se há uma escassez de publicações de trabalhos de validação de diagnósticos de enfermagem para pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca e que também a validação de diagnósticos de enfermagem para populações específicas fornece base para orientar intervenções e resultados que possam ajudar a controlar o processo da doença, aperfeiçoar o tratamento e melhorar a qualidade de vida e sobrevivência.
•Libidia ferrea aqueous extract is rich in tannins and flavonoids.•The fractions were able to reduce biofilm formation up to 71%.•The fractions do not present cytotoxicity and genotoxicity according ...to in vitro asssays.
Libidibia ferrea (Mart. Ex Tul) L. P. Queiroz (Fabaceae) is a typical Caatinga species, 53 commonly known as “Brazilian ironwood” and “leopard tree” and has been used in folk 54 medicine in the treatment of several diseases such as anemia, ulcer, hypertension, 55 diabetes, and antimicrobial agent. However, its adverse effects on human health are not 56 entirely known. The present work aimed to investigate the chemical composition, 57 antibiofilm formation, and cytogenotoxicity potential of Libidia ferrea aqueous extract 58 (AELf). Phytochemical screening, chromatographic analyses, and fractionation were 59 performed to characterize AELf. Additionally, the AELf effect on Staphylococcus aureus 60 biofilm formation was also investigated. Also, twelve extract concentrations were tested 61 by the MTT assay to verify cytotoxicity, while genotoxic (cytokinesis-block 62 micronucleus assay - CBMN) evaluations were carried out on PBMC cells using three 63 different concentrations (10, 20, and 30 mg/mL). The phytochemical analysis revealed 64 the presence of flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, leucoanthocyanidins, and hydrolyzable 65 tannins in higher concentrations. As also, AELf was able to inhibit biofilm formation (≥ 66 50%) on the tested strain by up to 55.3% (44.7 ± 7.8) and 71.1% (28.9 ± 3.4) at 67 concentrations 1.25 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively. AELf concentrations used in 68 the MTT and CBMN assays showed no cytotoxic and genotoxicity activity. The aqueous 69 extract of L. ferrea var. ferrea fruit presents good potential for the future development of 70 antimicrobial products since concentrations around 2.5 mg/mL showed antibiofilm 71 activity. Additionally, the aqueous extract has a good safety profile.
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